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Title: COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF GAS MEASUREMENT DEVICES IN ANFO DETONATIONS

Year

2025

BibTex Views:

387

Peer Reviewed

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Title

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF GAS MEASUREMENT DEVICES IN ANFO DETONATIONS

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Authors

Ilie-Ciprian Jitea; Bogdan Garaliu-Busoi; Robert Laszlo. Daniela Rus; Stefan Ilici

DOI

10.5593/sgem2025/1.1/s03.31

DOI Issue

10.5593/sgem2025/1.1

ISSN

1314-2704

ISBN

978-619-7603-79-8

Language

English

Volume

Issue

1.1

Editor

• Prof. Dr. hab. oec. Baiba Rivza, LATVIA• Prof. DSc. Ildiko Tulbure, GERMANY• Prof. DSc. Oleksandr Trofymchuk, UKRAINE

Scientific Area

Sustainable Exploration and Mining Technologies

Abstract/ Foreword

This study presents a comparative analysis of the performance of three gas measurement devices used to detect toxic gases generated by the detonation of ANFO explosive. The study was conducted following the operational procedure PI-102, which complies with the requirements of the SR EN 13631-16:2005 standard for detecting and measuring toxic gases produced by explosions. The aim was to evaluate the accuracy, reliability, and consistency of the devices in monitoring key toxic gases released during detonation.
The experiment took place in a controlled environment, specifically a 15.4 m³ gas chamber, where a predetermined amount of ANFO explosive was detonated under standardized conditions. The concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitric oxide (NO), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) were simultaneously monitored using the three different measurement devices. Measurements were performed according to a standardized methodology, ensuring proper homogenization of the gases and maintaining appropriate sampling times to obtain reliable data.
The results of the study revealed significant differences in the values recorded by the three devices, suggesting variations in sensor sensitivity, calibration status, or differences in data processing algorithms. Statistical analysis of the obtained data indicated that one of the devices consistently reported higher NOx values, raising concerns about its calibration and overall measurement accuracy. These discrepancies underline the need for rigorous validation and periodic calibration of measurement devices to ensure accurate gas concentration assessments.
This study provides valuable insights into the limitations of the tested equipment and highlights the importance of continuous validation and standardization in gas detection methodologies. Ensuring the accuracy of gas monitoring devices is essential for compliance with safety regulations, improving workplace safety, and minimizing the risks

References (click to open)

[1] Mainiero, R.J., Rowland, J.H., & Lobb, T.F. (2006). Techniques Developed for Measuring Toxic Gases Produced by Non-Ideal Explosives Using the NIOSH Mining Safety Research Laboratory's Experimental Mine. Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference on Explosives and Blasting Technique. International Society of Explosives Engineers, doi: https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/9381;
[2] Oxley, J.C., Smith, J.L., Rogers, E., & Yu, M. (2021). Thermal Stability and Compatibility of Ammonium Nitrate Mixed with Pyrotechnics, Propellants, or Additives. Journal of Energetic Materials, 39(1), 1-16, doi: https://doi.org/ 10.1080/07370652.2020.1815752;
[3] Sitkiewicz-Wolodko, A., Trzcinski, W.A., & Cudzilo, S. (2021). Effect of Aluminum Powder Additive on the Detonation Parameters and Toxicity of ANFO Explosives. Central European Journal of Energetic Materials, 18(3), 357-372, doi: https://doi.org/10.22211/cejem/140692;
[4] EN 13631-16:2005, Explosives for civil uses – High explosives – Part 16: Detection and measurement of toxic gases;
[5] PI-102 INSEMEX – Detection and Measurement of Toxic Gases Resulting from Explosions;
[6] Liu, J., & Zhang, Q. (2018). Measurement and Analysis of Toxic Gases Produced by ANFO Explosions in Underground Mining. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 15(5), 389-396, doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/15459624.2018.1447119; [7] Radeanu Cristian, Vasilescu Gabriel Drago?, Attila Kovacs, Robert Laszlo, Miron Claudia (2019). Evaluation of the Safety Level to The High-Quality Vault With a V Resistance Level, Based on the Gas Explosion Test, 19th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference SGEM 2019, Conference Proceedings Vol. 19 Science and Technologies in Geology, Exploration and Mining ISSUE 1.2, pag.845-850, ISBN 978-619-7408-77-5, 28 June - 7 July, Albena Resort & Spa, Bulgaria; [8] Ilie Ciprian Jitea, Gabriel Dragos Vasilescu, Daniela Carmen Rus, Cristian Radeanu, Sorin Bordos (2019). Improving the safety level of pyrotechnic articles testing in variable conditions of microclimate? Environmental Engineering and Management Journal April 2019, Vol. 18, No. 4, 839-845; [9] Kunskaja, S., Bauer, J. F., Budzynski, A., Jitea, I.-C. (2023). A research analysis: the implementation of innovative energy technologies and their alignment with SDG 12. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 5 (13 (125)), 6–25. doi: https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2023.288396;

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Type

conference

Url

https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2025/1.1/s03.31

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COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF GAS MEASUREMENT DEVICES IN ANFO DETONATIONS

Proceedings Тitle

Proceedings of 25th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM 2025, Volume 25, Issue 1.1

Note

25th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM 2025, Volume 25, Issue 1.1, 29 June - 6 July, 2025

Type

Proceedings Paper

Publisher

STEF92 Technology

Series

International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Surveying Geology and Mining Ecology Management, SGEM

Organization

SWS Scholarly Society; Acad Sci Czech Republ; Latvian Acad Sci; Polish Acad Sci; Russian Acad Sci; Serbian Acad Sci and Arts; Natl Acad Sci Ukraine; Natl Acad Sci Armenia; Sci Council Japan; European Acad Sci, Arts and Letters; Acad Fine Arts Zagreb Croatia; Croatian Acad Sci and Arts; Acad Sci Moldova; Montenegrin Acad Sci and Arts; Georgian Acad Sci; Acad Fine Arts and Design Bratislava; Russian Acad Arts; Turkish Acad Sci.

Pages

253-260

Date

29 June - 6 July, 2025

Online Source Type

website

Digital Source Type

10310

Keywords

gas measurements, monitoring devices, sampling, evaluation, calibration