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The fast development in chromatography occurred in the middle of twentieth century when gas chromatography came to light. It was invented by James and Martin. Presently, gas chromatography coupled with universal or selective detectors including mass selective detector is an effective, powerful and versatile analytical tool for special cases. It can be applied in numerous fields for example in drugs and pharmaceuticals, clinical chemistry, foods, environmental analysis or petroleum industry. Gas chromatography can ...

The study of halobacterial communities is a promising direction in applied and theoretical biotechnology. Researches, carried out in this field, open up new approaches in understanding the role of interspecies interactions between halobacterial cells in conditions of increased salinity. Viruses, as one of the major regulation factor, greatly affect the composition of communities. Every year the halovirus database is replenished with new representatives, but still much remains unknown about the life cycle of viruse...

The study of halobacterial communities is a promising direction in applied and theoretical biotechnology. Researches, carried out in this field, open up new approaches in understanding the role of interspecies interactions between halobacterial cells in conditions of increased salinity. Viruses, as one of the major regulation factor, greatly affect the composition of communities. Every year the halovirus database is replenished with new representatives, but still much remains unknown about the life cycle of viruse...

The stoichiometry of metal?protein complexes is pH dependent. Since mass spectrometric measurements at higher pH values are difficult in the presence of usual buffers, we extended this approach to pH in excess of 10 by adding ethanolamine to the electrospray solution being investigated. Therefore, a new method for probing the metal ion-peptide complexes at high pH utilizing electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) has been advanced. Nevertheless, the high pH ESI-MS spectra of peptides are far too complex...

The stoichiometry of metal?protein complexes is pH dependent. Since mass spectrometric measurements at higher pH values are difficult in the presence of usual buffers, we extended this approach to pH in excess of 10 by adding ethanolamine to the electrospray solution being investigated. Therefore, a new method for probing the metal ion-peptide complexes at high pH utilizing electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) has been advanced. Nevertheless, the high pH ESI-MS spectra of peptides are far too complex...

Alzheimer?s disease (AD) is associated with conformational changes of amyloid-? peptides, which result in peptide oligomerization and fibril formation and, finally, in the appearance of senile plaques and extensive neuronal loss. However, the factors regulating the process of plaque-associated beta-amyloid peptide (A?) aggregation are only partly understood. Therefore, several ?-amyloid peptide fragments have been synthesized by SPPS according to Boc/Bzl strategy. Binding of metal ions to ?-amyloid peptides was st...

Alzheimer?s disease (AD) is associated with conformational changes of amyloid-? peptides, which result in peptide oligomerization and fibril formation and, finally, in the appearance of senile plaques and extensive neuronal loss. However, the factors regulating the process of plaque-associated beta-amyloid peptide (A?) aggregation are only partly understood. Therefore, several ?-amyloid peptide fragments have been synthesized by SPPS according to Boc/Bzl strategy. Binding of metal ions to ?-amyloid peptides was st...

Molluscs are invertebrates that form one of the largest groups in the animal kingdom, with more than 100,000 known species. A wide range of molluscs including families of Pulmonata, Gastropoda, Planorbidae and Lymnaeidae are intermediate hosts of trematodes. The snail Lymnaea stagnalis belongs to the family Lymnaeidae under the order Basommatophora-class Pulmonata is known to be an intermediate host of several parasites such as Chaetogaster limnaei which belongs to the annelid family, Naididae, an ecologically div...

Molluscs are invertebrates that form one of the largest groups in the animal kingdom, with more than 100,000 known species. A wide range of molluscs including families of Pulmonata, Gastropoda, Planorbidae and Lymnaeidae are intermediate hosts of trematodes. The snail Lymnaea stagnalis belongs to the family Lymnaeidae under the order Basommatophora-class Pulmonata is known to be an intermediate host of several parasites such as Chaetogaster limnaei which belongs to the annelid family, Naididae, an ecologically div...

The magnetically recoverable biocatalyst was developed. The catalyst support is based on magnetite particles (MPs) composed of magnetite particles and coated with the amino terminated silica layer to facilitate further functionalization. This functionalization involves the attachment of the glutaraldehyde linker followed by the covalent attachment of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) via its amino groups. The catalyst was tested in the reaction of 2,3,6-trimethylphenol (TMP) oxidation to 2,3,5-trimethylhydrochinone (TM...

The magnetically recoverable biocatalyst was developed. The catalyst support is based on magnetite particles (MPs) composed of magnetite particles and coated with the amino terminated silica layer to facilitate further functionalization. This functionalization involves the attachment of the glutaraldehyde linker followed by the covalent attachment of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) via its amino groups. The catalyst was tested in the reaction of 2,3,6-trimethylphenol (TMP) oxidation to 2,3,5-trimethylhydrochinone (TM...

Food habits are specific to each nationality. One common point is represented by the dairy products due to their specific properties. Starting from the raw material used (milk) which could ensure all the nutrients needed for supporting life, the dairy conserves most of the milk components but with a high preservation degree and digestibility. The present study focuses on establishing the nutritional and toxicological characteristics of some local traditionally made cheese. The motivation of the samples taken is de...

Food habits are specific to each nationality. One common point is represented by the dairy products due to their specific properties. Starting from the raw material used (milk) which could ensure all the nutrients needed for supporting life, the dairy conserves most of the milk components but with a high preservation degree and digestibility. The present study focuses on establishing the nutritional and toxicological characteristics of some local traditionally made cheese. The motivation of the samples taken is de...

The work has been carried out during 2016 ? 2017 period, in a vineyard located in Valea Calugareasca viticultural center, aiming to developing a "smart" and "automated" irrigation system for vine, which allows the use of both rain and irrigation water with maximum efficiency, when the pluviometric water can not satisfy the water needs of the grapevine. The researches were carried out within a demonstration polygon with the T?m?ioasa rom?neasc? variety and aimed to determine the influence of two irrigation systems ...

The work has been carried out during 2016 ? 2017 period, in a vineyard located in Valea Calugareasca viticultural center, aiming to developing a "smart" and "automated" irrigation system for vine, which allows the use of both rain and irrigation water with maximum efficiency, when the pluviometric water can not satisfy the water needs of the grapevine. The researches were carried out within a demonstration polygon with the T?m?ioasa rom?neasc? variety and aimed to determine the influence of two irrigation systems ...

Salvia species are parts of the daily routine of many communities in different regions of the world (Southern and Central Europe, North America, Middle East, etc.). Many research studies show a strong correlation between the concentration of some biologically active substances such as terpenoids, alkaloids, polyphenols and their antimicrobial action. The presence of these chemical compounds resulting from the secondary metabolism of the plant has determined that sage is of great interest to the food industry and i...

Salvia species are parts of the daily routine of many communities in different regions of the world (Southern and Central Europe, North America, Middle East, etc.). Many research studies show a strong correlation between the concentration of some biologically active substances such as terpenoids, alkaloids, polyphenols and their antimicrobial action. The presence of these chemical compounds resulting from the secondary metabolism of the plant has determined that sage is of great interest to the food industry and i...

Winter pumpkin represents a seasonal crop of health and food interest due to its nutritional composition. The aim of the present study was to comparatively evaluate the content of the main antioxidant compounds, carotenoids and phenolics, from pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) pulp as related to different pretreatment conditions. Samples of pumpkin pulp were subjected to three pre-extraction methods, as follow: freeze-drying, oven-drying at 60oC and freezing at -70oC. Conventional extraction of carotenoids and polyphenol...

Winter pumpkin represents a seasonal crop of health and food interest due to its nutritional composition. The aim of the present study was to comparatively evaluate the content of the main antioxidant compounds, carotenoids and phenolics, from pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) pulp as related to different pretreatment conditions. Samples of pumpkin pulp were subjected to three pre-extraction methods, as follow: freeze-drying, oven-drying at 60oC and freezing at -70oC. Conventional extraction of carotenoids and polyphenol...

The use of various ingredients in the formulation of yogurt, in order to diversify a dairy product particularly appreciated by consumers, is a constant concern for industry specialists. The paper proposes the use pumpkin seeds in the recipe of a classic yogurt, in order to improve its physico-chemical, textural and sensory characteristics. Pumpkin seeds, like other oilseeds, are in the attention of specialists because they are a very good source of proteins and dietary fibers. For the consumer, the increase in the...

The use of various ingredients in the formulation of yogurt, in order to diversify a dairy product particularly appreciated by consumers, is a constant concern for industry specialists. The paper proposes the use pumpkin seeds in the recipe of a classic yogurt, in order to improve its physico-chemical, textural and sensory characteristics. Pumpkin seeds, like other oilseeds, are in the attention of specialists because they are a very good source of proteins and dietary fibers. For the consumer, the increase in the...

The researches were carried out in two vineyards grown with the Feteasca neagra and Cabernet Sauvignon varieties, with two experimental factors: the soil maintenance system (black furrow, total mulching with straws, partial mulching with marc compost, permanent herbage with grasses spontaneous flora) and the system for the control of pests and diseases (ecologically and conventional). The experimental results obtained showed that under the ecoclimatic conditions specific to 2017 year, characterized by a high helio...

The researches were carried out in two vineyards grown with the Feteasca neagra and Cabernet Sauvignon varieties, with two experimental factors: the soil maintenance system (black furrow, total mulching with straws, partial mulching with marc compost, permanent herbage with grasses spontaneous flora) and the system for the control of pests and diseases (ecologically and conventional). The experimental results obtained showed that under the ecoclimatic conditions specific to 2017 year, characterized by a high helio...

Kraft and sulphite wood pulps are good substrates for enzymatic sugars production. Drying is a necessary step in commercial pulp, cardboard and paper products manufacturing. During drying significant changes occur in the structure of cellulose fibers. It is associated with compression and hornification processes, which have a significant effect on fiber properties. The aim of the work was to evaluate the effect of wood pulp drying on its enzymatic hydrolysability. Softwood and hardwood kraft pulps, softwood sulphi...

Kraft and sulphite wood pulps are good substrates for enzymatic sugars production. Drying is a necessary step in commercial pulp, cardboard and paper products manufacturing. During drying significant changes occur in the structure of cellulose fibers. It is associated with compression and hornification processes, which have a significant effect on fiber properties. The aim of the work was to evaluate the effect of wood pulp drying on its enzymatic hydrolysability. Softwood and hardwood kraft pulps, softwood sulphi...

The field of biotechnology provides manageable production of useful products for various spheres of human activity, based on the use of various biological resources and systems, as well as extracellular substances and cell components. The development and transformation of biotechnology is due to active research and continuous application of new technologies. Numerous studies of recent decades have convincingly shown that the actual task is to create an information database that will contain information of prebioti...

The field of biotechnology provides manageable production of useful products for various spheres of human activity, based on the use of various biological resources and systems, as well as extracellular substances and cell components. The development and transformation of biotechnology is due to active research and continuous application of new technologies. Numerous studies of recent decades have convincingly shown that the actual task is to create an information database that will contain information of prebioti...

The paper resumes the previously published series of studies on the efficacy of a dry fractioning operation in centrifugal field of forces on the complex lipid mixture of pork lard, by multivariate analysis in general and the principal component analysis (PCA). Particularly, the correlation between the operating parameters (time-temperature-centrifugal rotor speed) and the physic-chemical parameters was determinate. Changes induced to the lipid mixture by repeated fractional crystallization, to separate (olein / s...

The paper resumes the previously published series of studies on the efficacy of a dry fractioning operation in centrifugal field of forces on the complex lipid mixture of pork lard, by multivariate analysis in general and the principal component analysis (PCA). Particularly, the correlation between the operating parameters (time-temperature-centrifugal rotor speed) and the physic-chemical parameters was determinate. Changes induced to the lipid mixture by repeated fractional crystallization, to separate (olein / s...

Preservation at positive temperatures is limited in time. The common technique to reduce metabolism is by reducing the temperature below ambient, using refrigeration or cryogenics. Therefore, these methods are used to preserve biological matter (cells, tissues, organs, vegetables, fruits etc.). Preservation at negative temperatures is possible with limitations in time and imposes also other biotechnological challenges. Long term preservation below freezing temperatures is not successful yet for organs and tissues....

Preservation at positive temperatures is limited in time. The common technique to reduce metabolism is by reducing the temperature below ambient, using refrigeration or cryogenics. Therefore, these methods are used to preserve biological matter (cells, tissues, organs, vegetables, fruits etc.). Preservation at negative temperatures is possible with limitations in time and imposes also other biotechnological challenges. Long term preservation below freezing temperatures is not successful yet for organs and tissues....

The aim of study was development of method of processing native starch by low-temperature biocatalysis without preliminary gelatinization, provides the production of new types of starch products. Was made studies of glucoamylase effect on native starch in water environment with temperature lower than sub-gelatinization temperature point. The objects of the research were samples of various types of starch (wheat, potato, maize native, amylopectin) and products of biocatalysis: modified starch and liquid fraction of...

The aim of study was development of method of processing native starch by low-temperature biocatalysis without preliminary gelatinization, provides the production of new types of starch products. Was made studies of glucoamylase effect on native starch in water environment with temperature lower than sub-gelatinization temperature point. The objects of the research were samples of various types of starch (wheat, potato, maize native, amylopectin) and products of biocatalysis: modified starch and liquid fraction of...

Magnesium deficiency is on the rise due to intensive industrialized farming practices, food processing and evolution of human diets. Human nutrition needs great amount of magnesium, Mg deficiencies being rampant in many developed and developing countries mostly due to dietary reliance on vegetal food with low Mg concentrations. Magnesium is an element that we might describe today as an ancient mineral but essential to life, being a vital factor within our cells, helping to maintain balance, achieve performance und...

Magnesium deficiency is on the rise due to intensive industrialized farming practices, food processing and evolution of human diets. Human nutrition needs great amount of magnesium, Mg deficiencies being rampant in many developed and developing countries mostly due to dietary reliance on vegetal food with low Mg concentrations. Magnesium is an element that we might describe today as an ancient mineral but essential to life, being a vital factor within our cells, helping to maintain balance, achieve performance und...

The purpose of the research paper was to manage the dry fractioning operation and find out a new solution for it?s effectiveness. Therefore, based on previous studies of the authors related to dry fractioning in centrifugal field on complex lipid mixture, the correlation between the operating parameters (time ? temperature ? centrifugal speed) and physic ? chemical parameters can be done through the principal component analysis (PCA). Starting from these considerations and from the fact that the pork lard is a com...

The purpose of the research paper was to manage the dry fractioning operation and find out a new solution for it?s effectiveness. Therefore, based on previous studies of the authors related to dry fractioning in centrifugal field on complex lipid mixture, the correlation between the operating parameters (time ? temperature ? centrifugal speed) and physic ? chemical parameters can be done through the principal component analysis (PCA). Starting from these considerations and from the fact that the pork lard is a com...

Black Sea is one of the largest inland seas in the world and is vulnerable to land ? based pollution pressure from its littoral area that causes the degradation of the aquatic ecosystems through eutrophication. Sometimes were recorded at the Romanian littoral a macroalgae mass development, especially by the group green macro-algae, Ulva, Enteromorpha and Cladophora species which are present in associations succeeding in all the year. A comparative study of waste algal biomass microbial charge was done in order to ...

Black Sea is one of the largest inland seas in the world and is vulnerable to land ? based pollution pressure from its littoral area that causes the degradation of the aquatic ecosystems through eutrophication. Sometimes were recorded at the Romanian littoral a macroalgae mass development, especially by the group green macro-algae, Ulva, Enteromorpha and Cladophora species which are present in associations succeeding in all the year. A comparative study of waste algal biomass microbial charge was done in order to ...

Shoot cultures of the essential oil-bearing Artemisia alba Turra were established with the aim of the in vitro exploration of the biosynthetic potential and physiological behavior of the species. Plant growth regulators were applied in order to affect morphogenesis in vitro and to search for possible relations with secondary metabolites production of the plant. As a result of the applied treatments, two morphotypes of the in vitro cultured A. alba individuals were induced, based on the development of roots of the ...

Shoot cultures of the essential oil-bearing Artemisia alba Turra were established with the aim of the in vitro exploration of the biosynthetic potential and physiological behavior of the species. Plant growth regulators were applied in order to affect morphogenesis in vitro and to search for possible relations with secondary metabolites production of the plant. As a result of the applied treatments, two morphotypes of the in vitro cultured A. alba individuals were induced, based on the development of roots of the ...

The molecular characterization of Genetic diversity of ten bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties was evaluated at the DNA level using 6 agronomic characters and 16 wheat microsatellites molecular markers (Simple Sequence Repeat-SSR). SSR bands were scored across all genotypes, for presence (1) or absence (0) and transformed into 0/1 binary matrix. A pair-wise similarity matrix was generated with the software NTSYS. The Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) ranged from 0.23 to 0.70 respectively for the prim...

The molecular characterization of Genetic diversity of ten bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties was evaluated at the DNA level using 6 agronomic characters and 16 wheat microsatellites molecular markers (Simple Sequence Repeat-SSR). SSR bands were scored across all genotypes, for presence (1) or absence (0) and transformed into 0/1 binary matrix. A pair-wise similarity matrix was generated with the software NTSYS. The Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) ranged from 0.23 to 0.70 respectively for the prim...

Provides information about the most common raw material reserves of wild medicinal plants containing tannin on the ridges of the southern Altai, such as Achillea millefolium L., Bergenia crassifolia (L.) Fritsch, Ephedra equisetina Bunge, Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim., Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, Sanguisorba officinalis L., Tanacetum vulgare L. and others. Among all medicinal plants Chamaenerion angustifolium (L.) Scop., applies only in traditional medicine. The amount of the operational reserve and the amount ...

Provides information about the most common raw material reserves of wild medicinal plants containing tannin on the ridges of the southern Altai, such as Achillea millefolium L., Bergenia crassifolia (L.) Fritsch, Ephedra equisetina Bunge, Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim., Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, Sanguisorba officinalis L., Tanacetum vulgare L. and others. Among all medicinal plants Chamaenerion angustifolium (L.) Scop., applies only in traditional medicine. The amount of the operational reserve and the amount ...

The necessity and opportunity of research by fast and efficient remote sensing methods and means derives from the fact that pratological investigation involves a great deal of time and resources, repeated missions on the ground and the involvement of a larger number of specialists. With the advanced technique (remote sensing methods and means), the main purpose of this study is to monitor grassland in the analyzed area and quantify the chlorophyll concentration of plants on the basis of the Normalized Difference V...

The necessity and opportunity of research by fast and efficient remote sensing methods and means derives from the fact that pratological investigation involves a great deal of time and resources, repeated missions on the ground and the involvement of a larger number of specialists. With the advanced technique (remote sensing methods and means), the main purpose of this study is to monitor grassland in the analyzed area and quantify the chlorophyll concentration of plants on the basis of the Normalized Difference V...

The cereals (especially, wheat) production increases in all regions of the World. However, the challenges of sustainable development and the demand for products with increased added value make the use of the entire crop for food unsustainable. Alcohol fermentation of grain by yeasts is one of ancient technologies created by mankind. Highly productive fermentations of lactobacilli and even bifidobacteria can be carried out also. A significant change of the approach is necessary as these bacteria are sensitive to th...

The cereals (especially, wheat) production increases in all regions of the World. However, the challenges of sustainable development and the demand for products with increased added value make the use of the entire crop for food unsustainable. Alcohol fermentation of grain by yeasts is one of ancient technologies created by mankind. Highly productive fermentations of lactobacilli and even bifidobacteria can be carried out also. A significant change of the approach is necessary as these bacteria are sensitive to th...

In our study, we optimized two methods of enzyme activity estimations characterizing C and P cycles (?-1,4-glucosidase and acid phosphatase) for agricultural soil with 2.629% of total C and 0.062 % of total N sampled in Tatarstan (Russia). Concentration of the substrates (4-MUF-?-d-glucopyranoside, 4-MUF-phosphate) in the range from 20 to 900 ?mol g-1 soil was used, four levels of buffer pH (3, 6, 8, 11) were compared, and three different dilutions of soil suspension (1%, 2%, 10% w/v) were investigated. Besides, t...