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Legumes are a unique source of protein for food and feed industry. Legumes synthesize protein valuable for living organisms using atmospheric nitrogen which they can fix due to their symbiosis with root nodule bacteria. The formation of plant-microbial symbiotic systems depends on complementary interaction of signaling molecules of both symbionts. Rhizobia signaling molecules are lipochitooligosaccharides, so called Nod factors. The synthesis of core part of Nod factor molecule is determined by nodA, nodB and nodC...

To prove adverse impacts exerted by drinking water and to assess regularities in occurrence of health disorders caused by contamination burden on the body, experts from the Center performed complex chemical-analytical and medical-biological examinations of children who lived on an exposed territory and consumed drinking water with chemical contents exceeding hygienic standards: N-nitrosodimethylamine, by 1.6 times; chloroform, by 5 times; dichlorobrommethane, by 26 times; and children who lived on a reference terr...

Pea plants (Pisum sativum L.) is a high-value agricultural crop in the Far North regions. It is usually using as a fodder crop for livestock, but not as agricultural crop, since pea fruits do not mature in the harsh Arctic climate. In this regard, the use of environmentally friendly plant growth/development stimulators to accelerate the maturation of peas and other legumes is promising for the development of agriculture in the unfavorable conditions. As a possible source of biologically active substances of natura...

Whisky is one of the most consumed alcoholic beverages in the world obtained from cereals. By-product and waste management are considered significant economic and environmental issues in whisky production. The aim of this study was to assess the components of spent grain (draff) resulting from the only factory in the whisky industry in Romania. Spent grain consists of layers of peel, pericarp, and seeds with residual amounts of endosperm and aleurone from malt used as raw material. Spent grain was stored at -18 °C...

Legumes are nutritious ingredients that can be used in bakery industry. However, in order to minimize their antinutrients contents and unpleasant flavor, germination can be applied. The aim of the present paper was to investigate the proximate composition and minerals profiles of composite flours made of refined wheat flour and germinated legumes (beans, lentil, soybean, chickpea and lupine) in different levels. The results showed an increase of protein and ash contents as the addition level was higher, while a re...

Environmental pollution in industrialized regions has a negative impact on public health status. Excessive accumulation of heavy metals in the human body induces disturbances in the adaptation processes to changes in the quality of the environment, including changes in the immune, humoral and nervous regulation, which can lead to the early development of ecologically caused pathologies in children. Purpose of work: to study the peculiarities of the immune profile of the child population in an industrialized region...

Malt is the essential raw material for beer production. Currently, in Europe the most used cereal for beer is barley due to its many advantages in the manufacture of malt. Recently, research has intensified to replace this raw material for beer with other cereals or pseudo-cereals. These include buckwheat which does not contain toxic prolamins to celiac disease patients. Buckwheat is an annual plant of Polygonaceae family and is produced in many countries for its characteristics such as high economic value, easily...

The specificity of the microelement environment in the population of individual geochemical provinces determines the features of homeostasis regulation processes. In conditions of excessive intake of strontium with drinking water, it is assumed pathological disorders of the parameters of osteometabolism with the involvement of immune regulation mechanisms. We examined 59 children of preschool age permanently residing in the territory of the strontium geochemical province and consuming drinking water with an excess...

Peptide-drug conjugates are therapeutic agents that combine one or more drug molecules with a peptide through a biodegradable linker. Even if the peptides used in synthesis of such conjugates have a smaller pharmacological action than the small molecule of organic drug, they easily penetrate the membranes and then bind to receptors. Peptide-drug conjugates are used in various fields, such as: (i) anticancer therapy; (ii) antimicrobial application; (iii) anti-inflammatory application. In the last decades, researche...

Chemical compounds of natural origin have high biological activity, complex effects on the human body, and safety for health. Preparations based on natural plant raw materials affect the body's adaptive capabilities, acting as factors of nonspecific defense and cofactors of the immune system. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of phenolic constituents of plant origin on the phagocytic activity of peripheral blood cells in vitro. Materials and methods. In vitro study of the effect of phenolic constituen...

Bread is a staple food all over the world and is the main source of sodium in the human diet which may increase the risks of diseases associated with a sodium-rich diet. Potassium chloride (KCl) is known as the most used ingredient for the food industry as sodium chloride replacer, with an intrinsic salty taste at low levels addition. The use of potassium chloride in the bread making process as a sodium chloride replacer may lead to bakery products of a very good quality from the technological point of view. The a...

Acrylamide (AA) is a chemical contaminant that is formed in bakery products during baking in especially for those obtained from flour with a high extraction rate. There are several ways to reduce the level of AA in bakery products, one of them being the use of antioxidants in bread making. The present study aims to analyze the effects antioxidant addition, respectively a rosemary extract one, in various levels (0.02%, 0.1% and 0.5% on wheat flour of a high extraction rate of 1250 type) to obtain bread products, in...

Inspite the fact of high invasive activity of hogweed plants (Heracleum Sosnowskyi Manden.) and that nowadays this species already poses a serious threat to human health in most Russian regions, the photosensitizing properties of its secondary metabolites allow to suggest the possibility of their use in agriculture and medicine. ?o confirm this assumption, we studied effects of hogweed biologically active substances on green crops cultivated by agricultural enterprises in the Murmansk region (Russia). It was found...

In this work, experiments have been carried out to study the impact of various stress factors present in the culture medium on the growth and bio-compound production for the microalgae species Porphyridium purpureum. Samples of microalgae have been grown under various stress conditions in a thermostated incubator under mixing and artificial light. Biomass production was determined by removing the cells through centrifugation followed by lyophilization. For exopolysaccharides isolation, the precipitation method wit...

The technological progress naturally leads to a transition from Agriculture 4.0 to Agriculture 5.0, which includes key technologies as Wireless Sensor Networks, Internet of Things, Cloud age, Artificial Intelligence, and Machine Learning accompanying agronomic activities. These technologies allow collection of information, analyzing and drawing meaningful insights from it in a more accurate, timely and reliable manner. IoT in this context refers to the use of IoT devices to convert data from surrounding elements a...

UNESCO’s Global Geopark Network reflects the importance of geo-heritage for society. The wide range of characteristics and the varied connections to the local ecology and culture are significant for their individual management. The aim of this article is to use comparisons between Geoparks as a step toward a generic, conceptual model that can be adapted and used to understand the crucial, functional relationships between system variables and how these variables can be optimized for stainable management. A general ...

Oilseed processing technologies include a sequence of intensive multiple heat treatments of seeds, oil and intermediate products. The optimization of these processes largely determines not only the price, but also the quality of the final products. Heat and mass transfer in multiphase multicomponent media are very complex. It is not yet possible to build adequate models of all processes theoretically. The thermophysical properties of the media under study change significantly with heating and changing pressure. Ne...

The immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx, enzyme of oxidoreductases class) was carried out on non-magnetic (SiO2, Al2O3) and magnetic mesoporous oxides (Fe3O4-SiO2, Fe3O4-Al2O3). Magnetic supports were synthesized by in-situ crystallization of magnetite nanoparticles in mesopores. The surface of the support was preliminarily modified with amino groups and the glutaraldehyde was used as a linker for covalent binding of the enzyme. The supports and biocatalysts were fully characterized using a combination of physi...

Greenhouse heating during cold seasons is costly as it is high energy consuming. The use of latent heat stored during sunny periods for greenhouse heating could be an interesting alternative in several regions worldwide as in Tunisia. Thus, new agronomic/climatic approaches were developed to produce several crops such as tomato in a sustainable way. In this context, maturity and yield of tomatoes cultivated inside a greenhouse equipped with a new solar air collector with latent storage (IGHLS) were studied in comp...

Detection of nickel ions in various foods, especially fruits, is very important for the prophylaxis of patients with allergic contact dermatitis to this heavy metal. Currently, there are a limited number of rapid methods for identifying nickel ions, so it is necessary to develop new biosensors in this area, by improving selectivity of ligands and utilization of immobilization elements suitable for nickel ions. The mentioned elements are very important because they can increase the selectivity, sensitivity and can ...

One of the most important modern problems of society in terms of transformation is human 's health. A new interdisciplinary scientific direction-bioecomedicine is substantiated The theoretical and methodological basis of the work was the integrated use of scientific principles and a systematic approach, which led to the choice of research methods: general scientific, interdisciplinary. The contemporary definition was formulated and construction of information-structural model of bioecomedicine was characterized. T...

Porous supports including oxides and polymers have been employed for enzyme immobilization for many years. In recent times, the research focus has been placed on hierarchical structures, dependencies on pore sizes, and the use of magnetic porous oxides for magnetic recovery. The presence of pores or cavities where enzymes could locate to create an optimal degree of crowding achieved in cells is not a prerequisite, but it could significantly enhance the catalytic activity of biocatalysts. For the last five years, t...

Microbial contamination of foods leads to food poisoning in consumers. The uncontrolled application of antibiotics in animal husbandry, which is the case for the developing countries in general, generates their global environment accumulation and the formation of antibiotic-resistant strains. This problem can also refer to food preservatives obtained by chemical synthesis. On the other hand, fermentation and pickling are traditional cooking methods in most countries to prevent microbial spoilage. The producing org...

Lately, the food industry, along with other industries, is making efforts to prevent environmental pollution, by improving both processing-development and packaging technologies. Packaging used in the food industry usually uses synthetic, petroleum-based materials, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, etc. These materials are extremely polluting, and the raw materials are non-renewable. A beneficial solution in this regard is the development and use of biodegradable foil packaging that can successfull...

The aim of the work is to develop a technological condition for obtaining maltodextrin syrups from pea flour by its bioconversion with the thermostable alpha-amylase Liquozyme Supra 2.8 X. The liquefaction process of starch-containing raw materials is accompanied by high viscosity. To reduce the viscosity of the liquefied mash of pea flour and increase the yield of maltodextrin, a composition of an amylolytic enzyme preparation of alpha-amylase and a cellulolytic enzyme preparation Viscoferm from Novozymes (Denmar...

Food biotechnology is one of the green and fast developing segment of the industry among the others dealing with renewable plant raw materials processing and new functional food production to improve human health in deteriorating environmental situation. Annually, the number of studies aimed at proving the prebiotic properties of certain substances or compositions is increased, which leads to a huge accumulation of scientific information. The divergence in techniques for prebiotic activity assessment cause the fac...

Antibacterial preparations are widely used in agriculture worldwide to achieve a wide range of effects, including therapeutic and preventive ones; they are also used as forage additives to stimulate animal growth. Since the issue related to the development of antibiotic-resistant microorganism strains has become vital, the use of antibiotics in agriculture is strictly regulated. Thus, in the European Union (EU) countries and Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) countries, antibacterial preparations can be used in treatm...

It is widely known that oil production processes do not usually achieve maximum efficiency. One method of increasing production is microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR). MEOR methods can clean oil, increase production and clean oil-contaminated soils by not only introducing the microorganisms themselves but also the substances they produce. Among the advantages of these methods are their relative efficiency and the absence of negative impact on the environment. MEOR methods are divided into two groups the first g...

The aim of this work is to optimize the growth parameters of D. salina by altering nutritional factors, in order to maximize production of antioxidants and lipid fraction by the microalgae strain. For this purpose, the concentrations of different salts in the growth medium were varied. The biomass obtained was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively in order to determine biomass concentration and bioactive compounds concentrations in respect to the growth medium composition. Pigments were extracted from the drie...

A severe problem affecting urban areas is a large number of stray animals, either r eject- ed by their owners or born in the wild. These animals face the problem of malnutrition, as it is difficult for them to obtain food without human help in urban conditions. The fact that shelters are overcrowded is not suitable for these animals as well well. In o rder to protect them from the tragic death of starvation, the authors decided to de- velop an intelligent system for feeding stray animals. The system makes it possi...

In the current work, the process of fermentative conversion of animal waste and non-hydrolized plant materials (peat) using food waste and ascorbic acid salts as a stimulants is described. The amino acid composition of the biofermentation products was estimated. The possibility of the target biosynthesis for the production of fertilizers and feed additives with the pre-determined properties was recognized. It was shown that the additive of bread making waste with the concentration of 10 wt. % increases the amino a...

Inhibition of the coil-helix transition of gelatin and retardation of the gelation process of the system as a whole is an important scientific problem. The solution to this problem will make it possible to maintain the properties of gelatin solutions for a long time without changing their rheological characteristics. In this work, by the method of dynamic mechanical analysis, the dependences of the time profile of gelatin solutions depending on the concentration of 10, 13 and 16 wt.%, as well as the different diss...

The effectiveness of rhizobia-legume symbiotic interaction is under the genetic control of macro- and microsymbionts. Both symbionts exhibit high level of genome/genome specificity interaction which is reflected by symbiotrophic indices vary significantly. Virulence and plant dry mass increasing are indices widely used in order to reveal well matched rhizobia strain and variety of legume host plant for practice demand. The aim of the research was to study how allelic polymorphism of symbiotically significant genes...

The desire of modern society to live more and more prosperously contributes to the extinction of less productive animal species. The most commercially viable varieties are increasingly being used, thus endangering the conservation of genetic diversity. One of the preconditions for the conservation of farm animal genetic resources is the development and implementation of conservation programs for local breeds so that they can be used and improved, thus contributing to global food security and their conservation for...

Annually, worldwide the food industry generates huge quantities of plastic packaging (polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, etc.) and due to their chemical structure takes hundreds of years to degrade, thus creating major environmental problems. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop biodegradable films that can be used for food packaging and to identify their physical and mechanical properties. The biodegradable films were obtained using 150 ml Milli-Q water and different ...

The European Green Deal is one of the attempts to make our economy more sustainable in the long run, and these issues have been increasingly raised in Latvia over the recent years. Promoting changes in daily food consumption habits could also improve people’s quality of life in the future. In a globalized food system, small and local businesses are often being pushed out of the market, which is divided between the big producers and food chains. However, food is also part of each country’s unique cultural heritage ...

The packaging of a food product is an extremely important step in its path from development to the final consumer. The packaging has important functions: preservation and protection of packaged products, handling, storage and transport, as well as promotion. Most consumers choose a product based on its packaging, so we can say that it is the business card of a product. But because the consumer has refined his preferences and become more and more attentive to what he buys, the industry is looking for solutions to c...

In recent decades, there have been some changes in the salinity, quality, and average temperature of the Black Sea water. Among other modifications, there was a significant decrease in the dolphin population on the Romanian coast. The decrease in the number of species Tursios trucantus ponticus, Delphinus delphis ponticus, and Phoococena phocoena relicata species found in this area required more detailed research to obtain information about their living conditions and migration. Located at the top of the ecologica...

In the last years, the cultivation of methane-oxidizing organisms has been sort of great interest, because it allows to obtain value products using accessible raw materials, such as natural gas. The products obtained during the cultivation of mixed culture based on Methylococcus capsulatus can be used in agriculture, medicine and other fields. Nucleic acids and their derivatives are one of the most popular components that can be produced during the comprehensive processing of bacterial biomass. As a result of the ...

Zein proteins belong to the class of prolamin proteins which, in maize, represent more than 60% of the total endosperm protein. Based on their molecular weight, sequence and solubility, zeins are classified into four different zein structures (?, ?, ?, ?). The major maize seed storage proteins, zeins, are deficient in lysine and tryptophan content, which contribute to the poor nutritional quality of corn. Therefore, we report here on an original and novel process, which consists in successive grinding and sieving ...