Browse

Inspite the fact of high invasive activity of hogweed plants (Heracleum Sosnowskyi Manden.) and that nowadays this species already poses a serious threat to human health in most Russian regions, the photosensitizing properties of its secondary metabolites allow to suggest the possibility of their use in agriculture and medicine. ?o confirm this assumption, we studied effects of hogweed biologically active substances on green crops cultivated by agricultural enterprises in the Murmansk region (Russia). It was found...

In this work, experiments have been carried out to study the impact of various stress factors present in the culture medium on the growth and bio-compound production for the microalgae species Porphyridium purpureum. Samples of microalgae have been grown under various stress conditions in a thermostated incubator under mixing and artificial light. Biomass production was determined by removing the cells through centrifugation followed by lyophilization. For exopolysaccharides isolation, the precipitation method wit...

The technological progress naturally leads to a transition from Agriculture 4.0 to Agriculture 5.0, which includes key technologies as Wireless Sensor Networks, Internet of Things, Cloud age, Artificial Intelligence, and Machine Learning accompanying agronomic activities. These technologies allow collection of information, analyzing and drawing meaningful insights from it in a more accurate, timely and reliable manner. IoT in this context refers to the use of IoT devices to convert data from surrounding elements a...

UNESCO’s Global Geopark Network reflects the importance of geo-heritage for society. The wide range of characteristics and the varied connections to the local ecology and culture are significant for their individual management. The aim of this article is to use comparisons between Geoparks as a step toward a generic, conceptual model that can be adapted and used to understand the crucial, functional relationships between system variables and how these variables can be optimized for stainable management. A general ...

Oilseed processing technologies include a sequence of intensive multiple heat treatments of seeds, oil and intermediate products. The optimization of these processes largely determines not only the price, but also the quality of the final products. Heat and mass transfer in multiphase multicomponent media are very complex. It is not yet possible to build adequate models of all processes theoretically. The thermophysical properties of the media under study change significantly with heating and changing pressure. Ne...

The immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx, enzyme of oxidoreductases class) was carried out on non-magnetic (SiO2, Al2O3) and magnetic mesoporous oxides (Fe3O4-SiO2, Fe3O4-Al2O3). Magnetic supports were synthesized by in-situ crystallization of magnetite nanoparticles in mesopores. The surface of the support was preliminarily modified with amino groups and the glutaraldehyde was used as a linker for covalent binding of the enzyme. The supports and biocatalysts were fully characterized using a combination of physi...

Greenhouse heating during cold seasons is costly as it is high energy consuming. The use of latent heat stored during sunny periods for greenhouse heating could be an interesting alternative in several regions worldwide as in Tunisia. Thus, new agronomic/climatic approaches were developed to produce several crops such as tomato in a sustainable way. In this context, maturity and yield of tomatoes cultivated inside a greenhouse equipped with a new solar air collector with latent storage (IGHLS) were studied in comp...

Detection of nickel ions in various foods, especially fruits, is very important for the prophylaxis of patients with allergic contact dermatitis to this heavy metal. Currently, there are a limited number of rapid methods for identifying nickel ions, so it is necessary to develop new biosensors in this area, by improving selectivity of ligands and utilization of immobilization elements suitable for nickel ions. The mentioned elements are very important because they can increase the selectivity, sensitivity and can ...

One of the most important modern problems of society in terms of transformation is human 's health. A new interdisciplinary scientific direction-bioecomedicine is substantiated The theoretical and methodological basis of the work was the integrated use of scientific principles and a systematic approach, which led to the choice of research methods: general scientific, interdisciplinary. The contemporary definition was formulated and construction of information-structural model of bioecomedicine was characterized. T...

Porous supports including oxides and polymers have been employed for enzyme immobilization for many years. In recent times, the research focus has been placed on hierarchical structures, dependencies on pore sizes, and the use of magnetic porous oxides for magnetic recovery. The presence of pores or cavities where enzymes could locate to create an optimal degree of crowding achieved in cells is not a prerequisite, but it could significantly enhance the catalytic activity of biocatalysts. For the last five years, t...

Microbial contamination of foods leads to food poisoning in consumers. The uncontrolled application of antibiotics in animal husbandry, which is the case for the developing countries in general, generates their global environment accumulation and the formation of antibiotic-resistant strains. This problem can also refer to food preservatives obtained by chemical synthesis. On the other hand, fermentation and pickling are traditional cooking methods in most countries to prevent microbial spoilage. The producing org...

Lately, the food industry, along with other industries, is making efforts to prevent environmental pollution, by improving both processing-development and packaging technologies. Packaging used in the food industry usually uses synthetic, petroleum-based materials, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, etc. These materials are extremely polluting, and the raw materials are non-renewable. A beneficial solution in this regard is the development and use of biodegradable foil packaging that can successfull...

The aim of the work is to develop a technological condition for obtaining maltodextrin syrups from pea flour by its bioconversion with the thermostable alpha-amylase Liquozyme Supra 2.8 X. The liquefaction process of starch-containing raw materials is accompanied by high viscosity. To reduce the viscosity of the liquefied mash of pea flour and increase the yield of maltodextrin, a composition of an amylolytic enzyme preparation of alpha-amylase and a cellulolytic enzyme preparation Viscoferm from Novozymes (Denmar...

Food biotechnology is one of the green and fast developing segment of the industry among the others dealing with renewable plant raw materials processing and new functional food production to improve human health in deteriorating environmental situation. Annually, the number of studies aimed at proving the prebiotic properties of certain substances or compositions is increased, which leads to a huge accumulation of scientific information. The divergence in techniques for prebiotic activity assessment cause the fac...

Antibacterial preparations are widely used in agriculture worldwide to achieve a wide range of effects, including therapeutic and preventive ones; they are also used as forage additives to stimulate animal growth. Since the issue related to the development of antibiotic-resistant microorganism strains has become vital, the use of antibiotics in agriculture is strictly regulated. Thus, in the European Union (EU) countries and Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) countries, antibacterial preparations can be used in treatm...

It is widely known that oil production processes do not usually achieve maximum efficiency. One method of increasing production is microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR). MEOR methods can clean oil, increase production and clean oil-contaminated soils by not only introducing the microorganisms themselves but also the substances they produce. Among the advantages of these methods are their relative efficiency and the absence of negative impact on the environment. MEOR methods are divided into two groups the first g...

The aim of this work is to optimize the growth parameters of D. salina by altering nutritional factors, in order to maximize production of antioxidants and lipid fraction by the microalgae strain. For this purpose, the concentrations of different salts in the growth medium were varied. The biomass obtained was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively in order to determine biomass concentration and bioactive compounds concentrations in respect to the growth medium composition. Pigments were extracted from the drie...

A severe problem affecting urban areas is a large number of stray animals, either r eject- ed by their owners or born in the wild. These animals face the problem of malnutrition, as it is difficult for them to obtain food without human help in urban conditions. The fact that shelters are overcrowded is not suitable for these animals as well well. In o rder to protect them from the tragic death of starvation, the authors decided to de- velop an intelligent system for feeding stray animals. The system makes it possi...

In the current work, the process of fermentative conversion of animal waste and non-hydrolized plant materials (peat) using food waste and ascorbic acid salts as a stimulants is described. The amino acid composition of the biofermentation products was estimated. The possibility of the target biosynthesis for the production of fertilizers and feed additives with the pre-determined properties was recognized. It was shown that the additive of bread making waste with the concentration of 10 wt. % increases the amino a...

Inhibition of the coil-helix transition of gelatin and retardation of the gelation process of the system as a whole is an important scientific problem. The solution to this problem will make it possible to maintain the properties of gelatin solutions for a long time without changing their rheological characteristics. In this work, by the method of dynamic mechanical analysis, the dependences of the time profile of gelatin solutions depending on the concentration of 10, 13 and 16 wt.%, as well as the different diss...

The effectiveness of rhizobia-legume symbiotic interaction is under the genetic control of macro- and microsymbionts. Both symbionts exhibit high level of genome/genome specificity interaction which is reflected by symbiotrophic indices vary significantly. Virulence and plant dry mass increasing are indices widely used in order to reveal well matched rhizobia strain and variety of legume host plant for practice demand. The aim of the research was to study how allelic polymorphism of symbiotically significant genes...

The desire of modern society to live more and more prosperously contributes to the extinction of less productive animal species. The most commercially viable varieties are increasingly being used, thus endangering the conservation of genetic diversity. One of the preconditions for the conservation of farm animal genetic resources is the development and implementation of conservation programs for local breeds so that they can be used and improved, thus contributing to global food security and their conservation for...

Annually, worldwide the food industry generates huge quantities of plastic packaging (polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, etc.) and due to their chemical structure takes hundreds of years to degrade, thus creating major environmental problems. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop biodegradable films that can be used for food packaging and to identify their physical and mechanical properties. The biodegradable films were obtained using 150 ml Milli-Q water and different ...

The European Green Deal is one of the attempts to make our economy more sustainable in the long run, and these issues have been increasingly raised in Latvia over the recent years. Promoting changes in daily food consumption habits could also improve people’s quality of life in the future. In a globalized food system, small and local businesses are often being pushed out of the market, which is divided between the big producers and food chains. However, food is also part of each country’s unique cultural heritage ...

The packaging of a food product is an extremely important step in its path from development to the final consumer. The packaging has important functions: preservation and protection of packaged products, handling, storage and transport, as well as promotion. Most consumers choose a product based on its packaging, so we can say that it is the business card of a product. But because the consumer has refined his preferences and become more and more attentive to what he buys, the industry is looking for solutions to c...

In recent decades, there have been some changes in the salinity, quality, and average temperature of the Black Sea water. Among other modifications, there was a significant decrease in the dolphin population on the Romanian coast. The decrease in the number of species Tursios trucantus ponticus, Delphinus delphis ponticus, and Phoococena phocoena relicata species found in this area required more detailed research to obtain information about their living conditions and migration. Located at the top of the ecologica...

In the last years, the cultivation of methane-oxidizing organisms has been sort of great interest, because it allows to obtain value products using accessible raw materials, such as natural gas. The products obtained during the cultivation of mixed culture based on Methylococcus capsulatus can be used in agriculture, medicine and other fields. Nucleic acids and their derivatives are one of the most popular components that can be produced during the comprehensive processing of bacterial biomass. As a result of the ...

Zein proteins belong to the class of prolamin proteins which, in maize, represent more than 60% of the total endosperm protein. Based on their molecular weight, sequence and solubility, zeins are classified into four different zein structures (?, ?, ?, ?). The major maize seed storage proteins, zeins, are deficient in lysine and tryptophan content, which contribute to the poor nutritional quality of corn. Therefore, we report here on an original and novel process, which consists in successive grinding and sieving ...

An interest to bacteriocins as natural alternative for antibiotics and chemical preservatives is grow at present. The selection of novel strains producing antimicrobial peptides is in focus. The probiotics are preferable because they are recognized as safe and thereby can be applied in medications, foods, feeds. Moreover, the benefits of probiotics for human and animal health is proved. The growth kinetics of industrial probiotic strains Lactobacillus plantarum B-11007, Lactobacillus salivarius B-2214 ? Lactobacil...

Honey is the unique product which forms in fermentation of flower nectar by bees. It has been known for its healing properties for many centuries. The prevail component of the honey is monosaccharides (first of all glucose and fructose). Nevertheless, di-, tri- and oligosaccharides as well as proteins and pigmenting phenolic compounds can be detected. The specific saccharides of honey are in interest as prebiotics. The phenolic compounds can suppress different microbes including pathogens and food contaminants. Th...

Summary. Aluminum, entering the human body, has the property of accumulation, modulates immunoregulation and metabolism, especially mineral. It also exhibits the properties of a sensitizer and neurotoxicant, mutagen and carcinogen. And in the case of aerogenic exposure, the target object is additionally the upper and lower respiratory tract system. Exposed by aluminium children are especially inclined to occurrence of negative effects. The research is aimed to study the immune status of children of primary school ...

PVP-I (povidone-iodine) or Betadine, molecular iodine combined with poly-(1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone), has been reported as antimicrobial agent. It is also as a promising chemopreventive agent against cancer. In this study the antiproliferative effect of PVP-I on rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) and other cancer cell lines (AGS, HeLa, HepG2, and MiaPaCa2) was examined. Cancer cells were treated with PVP-I and assessed for cell proliferation, metabolic activity, colony forming assay, apoptosis, and the fluorometric assay of the ce...

The purpose of the research is to develop multifunctional biological products based on the utilization of organic waste and raw materials from components of animal and plant origin; to study their impact on the restoration of soil fertility and productivity of field and garden crops. As a result, the assortment line of biological products of the Agrotonic trademark Was developed: "flower Grower", "Gardener", "vegetable Grower", "field Grower" and "forest Grower". Each type of "AG-rotonika" is also divided into sub...

The purpose of the work is to determine the patterns of influence of biotechnological and physical methods of processing raw materials on the quantitative indicators and amino acid composition of protein concentrates obtained from chickpea grain. With the use of enzyme preparations, the yield of soluble chickpea protein reached up to 60% of the total content in raw materials. The regularities of the effect of ultrasonic treatment on the solubility of the proteins of the suspension of chickpea flour with an increas...

In 2018 the squid catch in the Russian Federation amounted to about 102 thousand tons. Different kinds of products are made from squid (dried, air-dried and smoked squid, preserves, canned food, culinary products), but frozen squid makes a great part of them. In the production of squid carcasses, about 52.3% of waste is generated, of which 23.2% accounts for the liver and 76.8% for the entrails, tentacles and head. Therefore, about 54 thousand tons of waste is generated annually, where 41 thousand tons accounts fo...

In Siberia and the Far East (Asian part of Russia), regions with special climatic condi-tions, 99 species of plants are described that are pharmacopoeial and some of them are official, that is, plants that are raw materials for the production of medicines. However, not all medicinal pharmacopeia plants growing on the territory of Russia are protected, so the number of such species may soon be in jeopardy. The prospects of using medici-nal plants of the Siberian and Far Eastern regions by the example of Amur maacki...

The cryoscopic temperature (-1,3°C) in rainbow trout samples was determined. The calculation of the values of the individual temperature storage mode was carried out, ensuring that the product contains no more than 40% of ice water. The calculation of the amount of ice water was carried out using the calculation method proposed by D. Ryutov. A value of 40% is taken as the maximum permissible ice content in deep-chilled fish. According to research by N. A. Golovkin, this percentage of ice water provides a product t...

In this research work, we examined the types and nature of bonds that are formed upon immobilization of peroxidase on three types of carriers: SiO2, Al2O3, Fe3O4. To solve this problem, the method of FTIR spectroscopy was used. As a result of the analysis, many spectra were obtained at all stages of enzyme immobilization. Analyzing the spectra of pure carriers and the spectra obtained after modification of the carriers,it can be said that polystyrene sulfonic acid does not form any chemical bonds with the carriers...

Soil saprophytic nitrogen-fixing nodule bacteria (rhizobia) of the Sinorhizobium meliloti species are formed symbiosis with alfalfa and can also be a host of bacteriophages. Rhizobia have a symbiotic and saprophytic life phase?s cycle. Nodules formed by rhizobia on alfalfa roots are destroyed at the end of the growing season and bacteria surviving in nodule threads and did not transformed into bacteroids are released into the soil microbiome. The last is enriched in bacteriophages, which can significantly decrease...

Introduction Violations of autonomic nervous regulation are a multifactorial pathology, while environmental features are an important risk factor for this pathology. Excessive exposure to neurotropic technogenic chemical factors, including benzene, to the biological environment of the human body induces malfunctions of adaptive-compensatory mechanisms and forms an increased risk of developing disorders of autonomic regulation associated with the immune system, which are realized against the background of polymorph...

Drinking water contamination with technogenic haptens forms an imbalance in the adaptive capabilities of the immune system in children. The aim of this work is to study the features of laboratory markers of the cytokine profile in children, probabilistically associated with an increased content of chloroform in the blood. Materials and methods. The study involved 283 children living in conditions of chronic low-level oral exposure to hyperchlorination products of drinking water, the control for which was a conting...

Currently, CRISPR/Cas systems are actively studied bacterial systems, due to the possibilitpossibility to apply them for targeted editing of eukaryotic genomes. CRISPR/Cas systems are belonged to adaptive immun immune system of bacteria and archaea acting against invading mobile genetic elements (MGEs: bacteriophages and integrative conjugative elements ). Curre Currently CRISPR/Cas systems were detected in genomes of 75% of known archaea and 36 % of bacteria strains . However, there are still quite less knowledge...

Nodule bacteria (rhizobia) forming nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with legumes have a multicomponent genome represented by chromosome and a number of plasmids of different sizes. Genes related to symbiotic activity of Sinorhizobium meliloti are located predominantly on two megaplasmids SMa and SMb (1.35 and 1.68 Mb, correspondingly). Genomes at about 80% of native rhizobia nodulating alfalfa contained cryptic plasmids with sizes varied from 7 up to 450 kb. Functional role of this class of plasmids remained unclear up t...

The ability to colonize on plant roots is recognized as one of the most important characteristics of the beneficial fungi. To study these properties, we have developed and created a system for cultivating fungal microorganisms under sterile conditions on the surface of cellulose cylindrical tubes, into which a nutrient solution simulating plant exudate was constantly fed. This system simulates the development of microorganisms on the surface of the root system and allows to study the interaction of microorganisms ...

In this work, we propose technology for processing protein-containing products - beans into protein components for nutrition, also the use of waste after protein in the energy industry. The technology includes several stages: extraction, separation of fractions, precipitation, concentration. The optimal conditions for each stage of the technological process were selected (the ratio of the sample to the extracting substance, pH, water module, volume of precipitant, the volume of washing fractions, drying conditions...

As a result of joint research of employees of the All-Russian Research Institute of Reclaimed Lands and Tver State Technical University, aerobic-anaerobic solid-phase fermentation of a mixture of organic animal waste and hard-to-hydrolyze raw materials of plant origin was developed. Biotransformation of the fermented mixture takes place over several days, and the pasteurization effect is achieved as a result of short-term processing of the fermentation product with ultrasound intensity of 50-60 W/sq.cm. Liquid ani...

At the present stage of development of the biotechnological industry, the most promising objects are enzymes of the oxidoreductase class, which are capable of catalyzing redox processes. One of the most studied enzymes of this class is horseradish root peroxidase. Its immobilization on various carriers allows the biocatalyst to be reused in various technological processes. In recent years, magnetic nanoparticles have been increasingly used as effective carriers of enzymes.In this work, we study the oxidation of 2,...

The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of industry wastewater containing synthetic textile dyes on the structure of activated sludge. The aim of the research is to qualify direct impact of the textile dyes, dosed in one week into the experimental system of wastewater treatment plant, on constitution, structure and function of activated sludge. Activated sludge samples (5 mL) were taken from the aeration tank of experimental waste water treatment plant before, during and after measurement and the ...

Alzheimer?s disease, the most common age-related dementia worldwide, is characterized by two pathologies: deposition of ?-amyloid plaque and neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated tau. To this date, several factors, such as oxidative stress, metal ions, or genetic factors are associated with Alzheimer`s diseases, but there are still some question marks regarding: (i) how the misfolding and aggregation of A? occurs and which is the aggregation mechanism; (ii) how the metal ions binds to A? and how they init...