Browse

The long-term effect of economic development in post-communist Romanian urban areas brought exponential growth in motorization and uncontrolled urban expansion. As Romanian authorities still adopt conventional transport management policies, urban traffic congestion in the city of Cluj-Napoca has become a main contributor to noise pollution and air quality degradation, and has negative effects on the economy and social activities. Given the analysis of the structural and functional characteristics of the city of Cl...

This article presents the thermodynamic properties of an ecological alternative which can be used in an air-water heat pump. The experimental setup is located in a studentsпїЅ Laboratory of the Technical University of Civil Engineering Bucharest and uses three types of energy sources: the ambient air, the sun and electricity, for hot water production. This paper focuses on the natural alternatives: hydrocarbons and their mixtures. None of the above refrigerants is perfect; they all have both advantages and disadva...

The paper presents the need for the purification of polluted air from the highly polluting processing technology of an industrial shop. (paint shops, foundries, welding constructions, forging, etc.). The advantages of using ultrasounds in the pollutant air filtration and purification process and an ultrasonic filter designed are presented. The main computational and construction elements of the ultraacoustic system used in the design of the air filter are presented in the paper. Paper insists in the design of the ...

In conditions of modern industrial city production, the main unfavorable factor is industrial dust, the pathogenic effect of which is aggravated by an uncomfortable microclimate. To date, there is no information about the early stages of cytomorphological changes in the cells of the kidney tissue when exposed to unfavorable factors of industrial dust. The aim of the experiment is to assess the qualitative and quantitative composition of renal tissue cells in rats during inhalation priming with industrial polymetal...

Assessment of mining impact on natural environment is relevant, since open mining, the storage of mining and processing waste, the metallurgical processing of the concentrates produced are accompanied by aerosol mining-induced pollution of the atmosphere and natural environments as a result of the release of fine mineral particles. According to satellite observations for 17 years, aerosol mining-induced pollution and the state of the vegetation cover in the Kola mining complex (Russia, Murmansk region) have been s...

Air pollution became a real public concern for countries all over the world. Increasing anthropogenic emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) can cause a substantial increase in ground-level ozone, which is a secondary air pollutant produced by photochemical interaction of NOx and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), through a complex set of reactions under the influence of solar radiation. Ploiesti is one of the main cities in Romania, which is facing with anthropogenic atmospheric emissions that result especially from ...

The problem of atmospheric air pollution attracts great attention of ecologists and physicians because the protection of the environment and population health has a socio-economic significance. Oxides of nitrogen and carbon, methanol, phenol, formaldehyde, ammonia, chlorine hydride and suspended particulate matters (dust, soot) are the main anthropogenic air pollutants in Tomsk city. The main task of the air pollution monitoring is to identify sources of pollutant emissions. Stable isotope ratio analysis of the li...

One of the most dangerous greenhouse gases that causes intensification of so-called global warming (also called as greenhouse effect) is carbon dioxide (CO2). Results of studies indicate that this gas impacts on the growth of air temperature at the ground and through this it causes the climate changes on our planet. Main reason of emission of this gas is combustion of fossil fuel (coal and crude oil). The biggest emitters of gas are energetics (heat and power production), transport and industry and construction se...

Simulation and testing technology of sintering flue gas recirculation, under Arcelor Mittal S.A.Galati proved its superiority compared to conventional sintering technology by: lower specific consumption of coke by approx. 10 to 15%; lower costs agglomeration; reduction of pollution due to: decrease of specific volume of exhaust gas to the basket by 45 - 50% ;decrease in the emission of SOx to basket approx. 55%; lowering NOx emissions from basket approx. 50%; CO2 emissions drop to approx basket. 20%; retention lay...

Acoustic or phonic pollution is a type of noise pollution caused by noises, a complex of non-periodic sounds with random disagreeable insurgency that affects the psychological and biological state of human and animal organisms. The physical or objective characteristics of the noise are the strength or sound intensity (which depends on the features of the source, the distance and the possibilities of transmission or multiplication), duration and frequency. For the determination of the noise level, sound-meters, whi...

This investigation is aimed to determine general development patterns of the natural and climatic situations and lakes of the boreal zone in the later and postglacial time in the southeastern periphery of the Fennoscandian crystalline shield since the time of the last deglaciation. The analysis of the subfossil Cladoceran community was carried out on the basis of the 23 samples of Lake GahkozeroпїЅ bottom sediments in the Republic of Karelia. In the subfossil Cladoceran community of the lake 42 taxa have been iden...

At present the extraordinary and earlier unprecedented development of the industry is observed. The scale of the production of different goods is huge and concerns many areas on our planet. Some of these areas were not industrialized till today. Their development from the one hand gives the social and economic benefits пїЅ like the life conditions improvement, money transfer, but from the other hand requires the location of new production lines or even plants. In many of them the old, worn out machines and the tec...

The article analyses the air temperature characteristics of the winter season in north-western Poland (Fig. 1) between 1951 and 2015.The aim of this work is to analyses the changeability of thermal conditions in the winter, taking into consideration the speed of changes determined by a coefficient of linear trend, and to investigate the relations between North Atlantic Oscillation and the air temperature. In this study, the JonesпїЅ index, whose values were determined in 1825 and regularly published on National We...

Gasification is one of the methods of utilization of lignite. Studies on clean coal technologies are carried out on a wide scale in Poland and worldwide. One of the projects was "The Development of Coal Gasification Technology for High Production of Fuels and EnergyпїЅ carried out under the framework of the National Centre for Research and Development. The project was based on the gasification of lignite from the Be?chatпїЅw deposit. For syngas production, a circulating fluidized bed reactor and CO2 as the gasifyi...

The country-specific emission factors (CS EFs) for CO2 and CH4 were derived for oil and natural gas production, processing and transport within the improvement of greenhouse gas inventory quality. To derive them, the chemical parameters of natural and associated petrol gases were also developed. The CS EFs adequately address the features of oil and gas sector of the Russian Federation. The use of CS EFs resulted in decrease of the estimated equivalent greenhouse gas fugitive emissions by 20.1 per cent for natural ...

On the basis of data on the temporal dynamics of cross-border flow of the Ural River and the dynamics of the climate in the region during the twentieth century, as well as information about changes in land use and economic activity of surface runoff estimated sensitivity to climate change. Changing of a climatic temperature within 0.50? and rainfall of 10 mm results in a change of water flow rate of 110 mпїЅ / s flow and 20 mпїЅ / s accordingly. Clearly, therefore, the is a high sensitivity of runoff from even wea...

Monitoring the status of air quality is the set of activities leading to the discovery of the environment and monitoring the evolution of air pollution in time. Knowledge of the environment is not the primary objective of monitoring, but a means of predicting its further development and designing sustainability measures. A clear statement of the objectives of monitoring is a vital precondition for the correctness of the decision about monitoring pollutants, how and where they should be monitored and the accuracy a...

The chemical composition of rainfall over the territory of Northern Kazakhstan пїЅ the main agricultural region of the Republic is analyzed. On average for a year, precipitation belongs in neutral type, however for the vegetative period the relation of acid-forming anions to neutralized cautions in most cases is less than one, i.e. predisposition to acidification is observed. The amount of the sulfur, which is dropping out per unit area, is considerable. On the most part of the considered territory, it several tim...

Environmental pollution has become one of the most debated issues of the contemporary times, being a consequence of using imperfect methods in production technologies. One of RomaniaпїЅs areas where the environment has suffered as a result of human activities is the Jiu Valley, a place where the main activity was and continues to be mining. In this paper the authors aim to identify and quantify the pollution sources related to the coal mining activity from the western part of the Jiu Valley and, based on data rela...

In the article results of experimental studies concerning the influence of the humidity of gas on CO2 separation of gas mixture CO2/ N2 simulating the exhaust fumes were presented. . In the paper special attention was drawn to the identification of influence and the initial analysis of selected parameters of the performance of polymer membrane on carbon dioxide from the mixture CO2/N2 of relative humidity 100% separation process. In these research the membrane UMS A2 by UBE was used, on which research using only t...

The article presents new data on the impact of dust emissions in cement production of the Open Joint Stock Company "Yakutcement" (Yakutia, Russia) on chemical and microbiological properties and enzymatic activity of frozen forest soils in Central Yakutia. It is established that as the emission source approaches and the dust load increases, significant alkalinization of soils takes place (the pH increases in litter from 7.11 to 8.40, and in humus horizons from 7.05 to 7.75) as a result of the accumulation of free c...

The coal gasification process is currently developed as one of clean coal technologies. Gasification is a high-temperature process (above 800 пїЅC) in which the coal reacts with a gasifying agent, e.g. air, oxygen, or water vapor. As a result, under conditions of elevated temperature and pressure, chemical bonds in the molecular structure of coal break up and the mixture of water vapor, oxygen, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen, commonly known as syngas, is produced. The chemical composition of the obtained syngas is ...

The aim of the research is to determine emitted greenhouse gases (GHG) and ammonia emission distinction between two fertilizers types: ammonia nitrate and carbamide (urea). One of the most fertile soils in Latvia are located in Zemgale Region and it is used in research. Samples of tilled soil are used for the research according to the conditions of soil. One of influential factors of the GHG emissions is soil moisture, because humidity in combination with temperature controls the activity of microorganisms and oth...

The monitoring of quality of the urban air environment takes a big part in reaching good environmental conditions. The model of neural networks for forecasting of distribution of nitrogen dioxide in the surface layer of the air environment is shown in this research. The model is based on meteorological data and the information of sources of emissions of polluting substances. The optimal network configuration was determined on the basis of standard deviation and the quality of education. This is the cascade network...

The data recorded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) have led to the cataloguing of the year 2016 as the warmest year on worldwide meteorological records. The two previous records listed were the years 2014 and 2015. Phenomena like El Nino and La Nina are responsible for the cooling or heating of the upper tropical zone of the Pacific Ocean. This causes variations in global wind patterns and weather, thus leading to short-term ...

The research represents the results of the study of metals in the leaves of Betula pendula R. in the settlement Ursk around the tailings of the former gold-polymetallic deposit located in Kemerovo region in the south of Western Siberia. 17 leaf samples were collected by the radial net with the step of 150-200 meters. The concentrations of chemical elements in the dry leaf matter were determined by the ICP-MS method. The concentrations of Hg, Ni, Cd, Pb, Zn, Ag, Sb, Ba, Co, and As in the leaves from 3 to 11 times e...

This article presents the results of studies and research performed for the development of some environment management systems, based on information linked to the spatial and temporal distribution of areas with rainfall deficit. Climate change is a complex phenomenon, accompanied by a wide variety of effects. Rapid alternation, between severe heat wave/drought and abundant rainfall/flooding, is more and more obvious. Aridity increase, drought, erosion accentuation and soil desertification are considered to be seve...

Interior conditions in closed spaces (housing, offices, vehicles) were for a long period of time focused on the thermal comfort. With the awareness that people spend a good amount of time inside these spaces and with the increase in life quality, it was considered an additional problem the ensuring of a proper indoor breathable air quality (by limiting the concentrations of harmful released substances). It was demonstrated that the interior pollution of those spaces primarily depends on two factors: interior harmf...

At the time of commencement of the documentation and investigation activity on the problem of critical statuses of the tailings dump and decanting ponds at Rosia Montana, with special reference to the decanting ponds пїЅValea Seli?teiпїЅ, the subject, respectively the studied area presented a accelerated dynamic as regards the degradation of the environmental components. Information gathered from the technical and environmental documentation prepared in previous years and a site visit revealed an extremely precari...

The Baikal natural territory is an interesting object to research for many groups of scientists since from its state the protection of Lake Baikal, which is a natural World Heritage Site depends on. Climate change in the area does not only comply with the general trends, but has its own characteristics due to the highly broken relief and the presence of a large storage of fresh water пїЅ Lake Baikal. Drastic changes in air temperature and a significant amount of precipitation can cause emergencies in the region. T...

As a natural hazard, drought is best characterized by multiple parameters of climate, hydrology, meteorology etc. Understanding the links (relations, interdependencies) between these parameters is critical for identifying, adopting and implementing measures for mitigating the impacts of droughts. The reasons for the occurrence of droughts are complex, because they are dependent not only on the atmosphere but also on the hydrologic processes which feed moisture to the atmosphere. Moreover, the conceptual and struct...

Before presenting in detail the theme that this paper deals with, it is necessary to integrate the research on this matter within the larger context of climate change, which is at this time in a stage of unprecedented evolution. Worldwide, in the actual context of climate changes, more frequent and powerful natural disasters are expected. Disasters, representing a direct consequence of climate change, have also a negative impact on the environment as they are an obstacle to achieve sustainable development. In part...

The main aim of this research work is to compare the performance of hyperspectral and multispectral data for spectral land cover classes and develop their spectral library in Samara, Russia. We were analyzed and compared Earth Observing-1 (EO-1) Hyperion hyperspectral data to Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) and Advance Land Imager (ALI) multispectral data. Hyperspectral imagers, currently available on airborne platforms, provide increased spectral resolution over existing space based sensors that can docum...