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The fundamental political right guaranteed by the Constitution of the Slovak Republic is the freedom of expression and the right to information, without this right the existence of a genuine democratic establishment is not possible. Democracy and its basic principles, expressed in the Constitution and in the laws of every democratic state, represent a legal institution in terms of the theory of law. As it follows from Article Number 26, Paragraph 1 of the Constitution of the Slovak Republic, freedom of expression ...

The studies for Recent Crustal Movements by the aid of space geodesy techniques are integrated into the researches on the Earth?s crust dynamics, as a reflection of the complex geodynamic phenomena that occur in the crust and in the subcrustal lithosphere. In addition to the fundamental nature, the research in this field presents a practical characteristic, competing alongside geology and geophysics to the shaping of new energy sources or solid mineral substances, to the determination of the soil stability degree ...

The right to a favorable environment advocates the theory of law in the third generation of human rights that emerged in the second half of the twentieth century. Its creation required the need to protect the population from the threats posed by the postmodern era and the post-industrial society. This category is a generation of collective rights based on people's solidarity and the pursuit of a favorable environment. In international discussions, third-generation rights are controversial and not widely recognized...

The activity of S.C. Agrobirkenbach SRL started in 2010, following the lease of an area of 183 ha. In the following years, arable land was added in the same area, both in the form of lease and purchase, reaching an area of 831.68 ha in 2015. Out of this area, 80 ha are owned by the company and the difference of 751.68 ha is held as a lease. The present paper aims to make a contribution through the use of modern technologies to the optimisation of area monitoring (lands cultivated with different crops). The agricul...

GIS-technologies in hydrogeology facilitate transformation of methods of cartographic works. At the same time, it is necessary to provide methodological recommendations and guidelines for presentation of geographical features on the digital hydrogeological maps. The hydrogeological maps are constructed on the results of the hydrogeological research with due consideration of geological conditions of the region, aquifers and aquifer systems, aquicludes, linear structural elements and other data. This article is abou...

As a part of the Czech Historical Atlas project, the Institute of History of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic and the Faculty of Civil Engineering of the Czech Technical University in Prague prepare a printed atlas devoted to the history of the former Czechoslovakia in the 20th century. The atlas is now in the process of creating and reviewing individual maps. This paper deals with the thematic division of the atlas, the use of individual cartographic methods and important notes on the creation of his...

Presently, most electronic navigation charts (ENC) are vector format maps based on the S-57 data model. This model uses the descriptive and spatial characteristics of bodies of water to create hydrographic information which can be used to solve such problems as: marine traffic monitoring, vessel route planning, maritime dangerous situation detection, etc. This paper presents an approach to maritime safety monitoring on the basis of intelligent GIS technology. GIS-oriented systems are often used for maritime safety...

This paper focuses on the capabilities of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to develop databases that support alternative tourism and, in particular, wine tourism in Bulgaria. The main task of the paper is to collect and integrate existing public and open-source graphical and attribute data. We use GIS tools to create a database, an online register, and an interactive map of wineries and wine houses according to Bulgarian laws and tradition. We create a specialized spatial GIS database containing administrative...

Correct application of nitrogen fertilizers in crop management on arable land has high importance both from economic and environmental point of view, mainly in the condition of higher spatial variability of farm fields. One of the solutions could be a variable rate application (VRA) of nitrogen fertilizers based on the management zones, which addresses site specific changes in soil properties and crop requirements. The main aim of this study was to analyze the spatial variability of two fields from crop yield maps...

At a global scale, climate change generates extreme events which are more and more dangerous for society. Extreme hydrological and geomorphological phenomena are one of the most common causes of human life loss and material damage as a result of the manifestation of natural hazards around human communities. Floods sometimes cause irreversible damage or completely destroy areas with cultural heritage sites. In Europe, floods are affecting annually a great number of cultural heritage sites or buildings, which lead t...

The purpose of the work is to prezent a way in which can be hierarchized the investment projects in accordance with the criteria established by the international financiers based on the Multi-criteria Analysis (MCA). The MCA method is a sound basis for the investment decision-making when it is designing a project proposal. In this research we are used the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) process of hierarchy the investment projects that can be applied as an interactive method of the multi-criteria analysis. Thus, ...

Over the 21 century, the analysis of human capital has taken on a progressively more central role in discussions regarding the growth and success of nations and regions. The systematic development of human resources has for some time been an important consideration for national policy-makers throughout much of the developed world. Human resources, traditionally known as labour, are vital in order to support and ensure continuous regional economic growth. Human resource development (HRD) refers to the stock of prod...

Creating roads in agricultural land covers many aspects like legal eligibility, planning and design, road safety, quality assurance, mobilization of resources, environmental protection, social contribution, maintenance management, research and development provision, etc. Currently, the issue of construction agricultural roads is underestimated. Priority is given to highway construction. Society is not institutionally, scientifically and resource prepared to promote this process. The goal of the paper is to examine...

Historical land-use and land-cover are the key input for the evaluation of past global change and nowadays processes. These studies lie in the intersection of physical and social geography, economy, history and archeology. The original combination of GIS technologies within landscape, historical, archaeological, paleogeographic methods forms the methodological basis of research. The main practical task is to identify the relations between landscape features and different types of environmental management and settl...

Economic diversification is considered as a model of modern rural development in the European Union and in Bulgaria. It is perceived as a process of increasing the variety of economic activities in the sectors of the rural economy. The creation of stable sectors represented by a variety of production activities, marks the contemporary socio-economic development of rural areas. This is the reason why economic diversification finds its place in the rural development policy of the European Union (EU) and Bulgaria. Th...

Air temperature influences a variety of environmental processes, having a significant impact on the conditions of living of humans and other life forms. The Brazilian Northeast is a region that comprises a diversity of ecosystems, but it is most known as a semi-arid area characterized by severe environmental conditions. This work proposes to model air temperature in Brazilian Northeast to evaluate changing patterns between 2000 and 2017 using two interpolation techniques and comparing them. Monthly average tempera...

The funds for disbursement of unused amounts must be required by the need for population mobility to provide a rich set of spatial solutions for separate regions living in the country. This determines the size of this type of transport in its domestic, labor, educational and other daily routine. Against the backdrop of global improvements in the handling of goods transport from all countries, there is a downward trend both for the passengers and freight forwarders. This applies to the degree of retention of areas ...

Landslides are mass movement processes with severe consequences on the environment and human communities, and their identification and mapping is an important step in analyzing, evaluating and managing their potential risk. The results obtained in identifying areas of landslide activity may vary depending on the data sources used. The present paper is testing the landslides inventory at the scale of a commune in the Moldavian Plateau, Eastern Romania, using two different data sources: orthorectified images (2010-2...

Global climate change and resources depletion are the main reasons why it is necessary to constantly seek innovative approaches to the green economy. The 21st century economy should be a "green" economy, represented by repeated and sustainable use of resources. At the same time, the impact of environmental problems has an increasing impact on the economy or health and the quality of life of the population. In Slovakia, one of the biggest environmental problems is mainly the issue of waste management. While the mun...

In Poland, for several years the needs and possibilities of introducing a multi-dimensional cadastre have been considered. The European Union provides the Member States with a legal framework in the form of a norm regulating the development of broadly understood land administration systems. The cadastre, as a source of information about land and people who manage it, must above all enable proper land management. The basic aspect that we encounter in the discussion about the cadastre is the determination of the spa...

The aim of the present study is to evaluate the possibilities of historic urban parks as places of attractiveness. The historical urban parks are nowadays important not only because of their historical heritage, they are also ecosystems that have economic and social value for the community. Historical and cultural developments change these parks, creating their new environments, as the main requirement for their historical development. The formation of cultural elements and landscapes are reflecting the historical...

The most pronounced observed climate change is the rising surface temperature of the Earth. In view of extreme weather events, existing risks and possible consequences, adaptation to the adverse effects of climate change has become a global challenge in recent decades. The interaction between climate change and its possible consequences is a complex and very dynamic system that needs a great deal of information to be properly managed. These facts were also reflected in the Council of the European Union, which appr...

Modernization of the real estate cadastre is a set of technical, organizational and administrative activities aimed at gradual improvement of the quality of data collected there. In the real estate cadastre's database, the key importance to the quality is whether the accuracy of the location of objects corresponds to the assumed formal and legal purposes and the expectations of users. The accuracy of determination of coordinates of border points has a direct impact on the uncertainty of area estimation, which is a...

As a big agricultural country, China is experiencing rapid urbanization, and urban agriculture plays a very important role. In this paper, we collected the basic agricultural economic data of the Changsha-Zhuzhou- Xiangtan City Circle, one of the nine urban clusters in the Yangtze River Economic Belt in south-central China with a vital role in grain production, and constructed-16 indicators to evaluate the production-economic function, cultural leisure function and ecological function using geography model and 1KM...

Nowadays, natural risks associated to geomorphological processes represent a widely studied topic by geoscientists due to their impact on society. In this category, landslides take an important place, representing major risks to human activities, which often lead to economic losses and numerous fatalities all over the world, especially in equatorial, tropical and sub-tropical areas. In Romania, landslides are a common and frequently encountered geomorphic phenomena in plateau regions, that need to be identified an...