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The use of geographical space is closely related to the favorability of natural factors, its productive potential and improvement work. The influence of the anthropic activity on the geographical landscape is large, complex and with various effects depending on the specific local conditions, triggering a wide range of observation for geographical research. Using the land according to his different needs, man caused, on the one hand, the reduction of the areas occupied by natural plantations (replaced by agricultur...

Agricultural land is an important natural resource exploited for agricultural production to provide food for the population. The pressure on agricultural resources has increased in the world, as the population grows and non-food land uses increase. In Latvia, the utilized agricultural area (UAA) has decreased since 1991, and in 2020 it was 2.3 mln. ha or 36% of the total area of the country, while the forest area increased, and in 2020 it was 3.1 mln. ha or 48% of the total area. In 2019 in Latvia, the unfarmed an...

The features of the weather and climate regime of West Svalbard Island (on the example of Barenzburg village) for 2006 - 2015 were examined. Trends and characteristics of the island 's bioclimate were studied on the basis of analysis of urgent data of 8-urgent meteorological observations obtained at Barenzburg village, Russia, West Svalbard Island, for the period from 2006 to 2015 and provided by the North-West branch of «NPO Typoon». The uniqueness of the nature and climatic conditions of Svalbard Island (Barenzb...

Relevance of results and scope. Energy, which determines the progress of social production, continues to have an adverse impact on the environment. The result of any energy entity is to provide consumers with high-performance ecologically pure kind of energy that objectively defines influence of industrial activities of energy companies on the environment: emissions of pollutants into the atmospheric air, effluents of polluting substances in water objects, placing of production wastes, and also negative effects of...

The hydraulic systems used in the aviation industry use pressurized fluids that transmit energy to various driving systems of the aircraft (hydraulic motors, cylinders or hydraulic actuators). It is known that hydraulic fluids, along with the fuels used, present a potential risk of fire, which can lead to damages or the loss of the aircraft, often with very serious consequences. At the same time, in the event of a plane fire after the crash, hydraulic fluids can be an additional fuel source. For these reasons, the...

Introduction. The extreme nature of environmental meteorological factors and the asynchronous change of day and night are considered to be one of the reasons leading to a decrease in the life quality in the Extreme North. These might lead to a violation of adaptive mechanisms under certain conditions. The combination of variants of polymorphic candidate genes causes functional disorders of the cardiovascular system. The research aims at studying the genetic polymorphism in children having pathologies of the cardio...

The updated genetic classification of mineral deposits as natural objects, whose origin is ambiguous, is presented. The classification is based on the petrological and lithological principles, which makes it universal. The conditions for the formation of endogenic, exogenic, and metamorphogenic deposits are considered. Endogenous objects are divided into three groups: magmatic, metasomatic and hydrothermal. Sedimentogenetic, diagenetic, and catagenetic rows are distinguished among the exogenous deposits. Metamorph...

The factors of negative impact on the environment of oil and gas well construction processes, as well as conditions that aggravate the impact were considered. An overview of the most used ways of arranging the accumulators of drill cuttings and related drilling waste was presented. The characteristics of common pollutants that enter the geological environment during the development of an oil and gas field and the main features of their migration were given. Prospects for improving the design of oil and gas field i...

The Southern Dobrogea is situated in SE Romania, being included, tectonic point of view, in the Moesian Platform. The Southern Romania is bordered by the Danube to the West and the Black Sea to the East. In the N, the Southern Dobrogea is bordered by the Capidava-Ovidiu subcrustal fault; towards south, it continues to the northern Bulgaria. In the Southern Dobrogea, a carbonate platform developed from Mesozoic (Upper Jurassic and Cretaceous), and continued through the Paleogene up to the Miocene. The Pliocene is m...

Radon (222Rn) is a natural gas produced by the radioactive decay of uranium-bearing rocks and soils in the Earth?s crust. Geology is one of the main factors controlling source and distribution of radon. Most rocks and soils possess small amount of uranium, but there are particular types of bedrocks and unconsolidated deposits characterized by higher than average uranium contents. These lithological types include some granites, light-colored volcanic rocks, phosphatic rocks, ironstones, limestones and shales rich i...

It is well known that geomagnetic field varies in time, as well as in space. Besides, the world magnetic models which are the main sources of information concerning the values of geomagnetic field elements in a particular place, we present more precise and accurate model of these elements covering the territory of Bulgaria. Our study uses information from the last absolute geomagnetic survey involving measurements in 473 points, secular data from Panagyurishte (PAG) and several other Intermagnet observatories near...

Landfills (dumps) are places where the end of the life cycle of products can be found - useful material is dumped away from the sight creating contaminant flows around. Another problem is huge unexplored potential of resources recycling - we have limited knowledge also on useful elements and materials that are buried. The solution to overcome the limitations that provide remote sensing and traditional geodesy, proximal sensing techniques could be used. ?Near surface geophysics? with operation at or just below the ...

The area of underwater seismic and geophysical exploration is now rapidly growing with increasing complexity of the employed equipment. At present, more reliable data are gathered by Ocean Bottom Seismometers - autonomous instruments used in long duration seismic surveys. The general idea behind this equipment is that autonomous devices are unable to transmit data in real-time and require offshore operations for periodical deployment. However, the task of a permanent underwater monitoring for seismic events with o...

Construction and further operation of buildings and engineering structures in karst-hazardous areas in most cases is connected with possible man-made increase of geodynamic manifestations of karst processes. As a result of this, in the soil foundations of engineering structures, the appearance of decompression zones with reduced load capacity is possible. In some cases, an active manifestation of karst-suffusion processes is possible. In this case, the probability of unacceptable deformations of the soil base with...

In this research, the term risk follows the definition by the United Nations (UNDRO [1]) and refers to the expected losses from a particular hazard to a specified element at risk in a particular future time period. In our case, population exposure refers to the human occupancy of hazard zones in Bulgaria, or the population present within the hazard area that would be potentially directly affected by an event. Placed at the central part of the most seismically active region in Europe, the territory of Bulgaria is s...

The threats of global change in the 21st century are becoming increasingly significant. Soon, humanity will face not only new climatic phenomena, but also many other related events, which clearly include demographic unrest on many continents. The consequences of these events will be reflected in increased tensions between countries, peoples and groups of people, who will tend to avoid new, in many cases negative, conditions. . The changes will affect not only vulnerable areas, but also regions with a relative calm...

The paper presents the results of a study of the granulometric composition of terrigenous reservoir of the Nizhne-Karmalskoye super-viscous oil deposit. The main interest is a sand pack composed of weakly cemented and loose fine and medium-grained sands and sandstones. Clastic grains are mainly bonded with high-viscosity oil. the thickness of the sand pack on the deposit varies widely. The grain size of reservoir rocks has a significant impact on the reservoir properties of rocks and reservoir productivity as a wh...

Biological and, of course, economic yield is the result of interaction of internal plant characteristics, namely its genetical and biological potential, and external environmental factors. The efficient plant species, where grapevine is clearly integrated, is a basic limiting factor in the creation of organic material air temperature, which influences vital functions such as nutrients receiving, transpiration, photosynthesis, respiration, and others. In this context, the most often used thermal characteristics are...

Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) surveys can enhance the quantity and quality of information, when applied to archaeological prospection. The potential of the GPR method lies in its relevance to a wide range of site conditions and the complementary nature of the data in comparison with other geophysical methods. The Aegyssus archaeological site is located on the Monument Hill, in the north-eastern section of Tulcea, and was built at the end of the 4th century B.C. Its name, of celtic origin, derived from the legenda...

The purpose of this evaluation is the assessment of acceptability of the operation of a projected supermarket and its impact on public health status in its close environment. This assessment is instigated by the demand on commercially usable premises. The growing consumption of households in the present society focused on consuming leads to tendencies to extend networks of commercial units offering wide range of both food and non ? food products. In the environment of the Czech Republic, such units are built not o...

The article is dedicated to the 130th anniversary of the publication of L. Mechnikov's book ?Civilization and the Great Historic Rivers,? where the author outlined philosophical views on the geographical theory of progress and the influence of the environment on the formation of society. This book has not lost its scientific significance at the present time. The book is multifaceted and somewhat controversial but provides "food" for inquisitive minds. It is not in our competence to evaluate this work from the pers...

The article analyses issues of renovation program elaboration and implementation, as well as selection of their methods in Russia. Housing stock renovation should improve living conditions of the population. So the right decision on the renovation method meeting the housing stock condition in the country, directly affects the country?s level of socio-economic development. The author systematizes factors determining a renovation strategy. The article shows that many issues in the following areas are not considered ...

This paper will explore the characteristics of matrix structures and their relationships with project success managers, such as quality of communication, collaboration, support in problem solving and the effectiveness of project management among project team members. The matrix characteristics that were expected to be positively related to project success are mainly related to success leaders. However, the characteristics that are expected to negatively impact project success did not indicate such significant rela...

Environmental protection and maintaining the ecological balance are the most important state development priorities. Environmental policy issues are closely related to the level of technological equipment of economic sectors, sustainable development of territories, social policy and are aimed at ensuring environmental safety. The expansion of the geography of oil and gas production in Russian Federation in the direction of the northern and Far Eastern territories, the development of new territories (Eastern Siberi...

The peculiarities of ecological conditions determine different scenarios of adaptive changes in the immune and genetic status with the subsequent formation of eco-caused pathology. Purpose of the study: analysis of the peculiarities of the immunological and genetic status of the child population in the extreme conditions of the Arctic Circle of Russia under the combined impact of anthropogenic chemical and climatogeographic factors. Materials and methods . Immunological and genetic testing of 98 children (the terr...

The study was conducted during 2015 in the region of Rahovec in Kosovo. The aim of the study was to identify weed species, the impact of total herbicides dose, and mechanical weed control on the floristic composition in vineyards. Two different total herbicides with different doses in a randomized block design were applied in the vineyard, namely Basta (a.i glyphosinat-amonium) and Touch-down (a.i glyphosate), and two additional treatments included mechanical weed control and the control treatment (without herbici...

Alarm systems are designed to protect life, health and property. These systems have been used more and more frequently in recent years, and together with them, protection through the connection of the building and a monitoring center are also used. The purpose of the connection is additional protection in order to verify the indicated alarm by the employees of the security service. This verification must be performed for each indicated for which the owner is not in the building. According to the Act of the Slovak ...

The analysis of the existing approaches to instrumentation of crushed wood thermal modification technology revealed the effectiveness of having the process in disc-type annealing reactors. In order to optimize the torrefaction process in a disk reactor, a mathematical model has been developed that allows determining the required number of disks depending on the design parameters of the unit and the required degree of heat treatment of the material. Mathematical simulation showed that with the same agitator rotatio...

The National Geo-Information Center (NGIC) is a newly established research infrastructure which is part of the National road map for scientific infrastructure (2017-2023) of Bulgaria. Its primary strategic objective is to improve the coordination and integration of the efforts of the existing scientific infrastructure networks to integrate the primary Earth observation data into a single complex geo-information center, and to support their joint analysis for the assessment, forecasting and prevention of natural an...

Development of heavy oil deposits increases each year, due to consumption of conventional oil reserves. However, extraction process of heavy oil faces a number of problems. The main of these problems are high density and viscosity of heavy oil as well as high content of asphaltene-resin-paraffin components, which can be precipitated. Currently, the main methods that are being used for heavy oil recovery are thermal methods, like steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD), cyclic steam stimulation (CSS) and in-situ com...

The world practice of taxation shows that tax policy in most cases, when introducing environmental taxes, pursues the main goal of protecting the eco- system from pollution. This applies both to natural resources and to the conservation of aquatic bio resources, also considering the impact of the extinction factor of endangered species, listed in the state registers of flora and fauna. In this regard, each state independently determines the scope of environmental taxation on its territory. At the same time, it is ...

The problem of increasing the energy efficiency of the national economy is the most important for countries with developing economies. For example, in the Republic of Ecuador (RE), the average GDP growth rate was 5.73% over 2010-2019. This requires high-quality development of the energy sector to ensure sustainable development of the national economy. The power generation structure in RE is not optimal because the share of oil is 87%, while the share of hydro resources is 6%. For RE, this reduces the efficiency of...

The integration processes taking place in the modern world increasingly determine the level of international relations. The implementation of integration relationships, as well as the implementation of any phenomenon, is accompanied by certain risks. Currently, there are a lot of classifications of both integration processes and the risks that arise during their implementation. From our point of view, the integration risks with respect to specific international associations, in particular the Eurasian Economic Uni...

Research conducted in INCD URBAN-INCERC, within the National Network for Seismic Monitoring and Protection of Constructed Heritage, converges towards the development of a large monitoring system, capable to allow remote identification, in a very short time after a seismic event, of possible dangerous changes in the condition of the instrumented buildings. In order to obtain correct information regarding the behavior of a structural system (due to the lack of data needed to create a reliable model), the advantages ...

The scientific article is based on a wide range of sources ? archival documents, publications of periodicals, Internet materials. The influence of public environmental associations on the functioning of atomic energy in Ukraine, for example, the 1980s - 2010s, is analyzed. The catastrophe at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in April 1986 became the impetus for the mass formation of non-governmental environmental public organizations in Ukraine, which at that time was part of the USSR. An important vector of activ...

The purpose of this report is to show possible ways to improve the information access for societies in developing countries possessing significant mineral reserves and mining industries, which considerably affect the welfare of national economies and population. The research methodology is based on the provisions of official regulatory documents, methods for processing and analyzing statistical data related to the subject of the research, demonstration of the results characterizing the state and dynamics of the in...

One of the most pressing environmental problems is the generation of production and consumption waste, while the bulk of the waste is not involved in secondary economic turnover, but is placed in landfills, which pose a serious environmental hazard to the environment and public health. The authors of the article substantiate the need to use modern information technologies for a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the composition of emissions, a comprehensive assessment of the ecological state near pollution s...

The identification technique of hazardous clouds using infrared spectrometry is based on the spectral analysis of electromagnetic radiation that is absorbed and emitted by the molecules of a gas cloud. Molecules can be identified by analyzing the location of lines inside the spectrum, representing the energy differences between the cases involved and the strength of the lines, which is the probability of a photon being absorbed or emitted. This method is often called passive infrared spectrometry because no artifi...

The paper presents the examples of georadar sounding of rocks and soils of mining constructions and facilities in order to control their internal structures and conditions. The measurements have revealed that in the inner zones of inhomogeneities the induced electromagnetic field is distorted due to the difference in the physical properties of the zone? rocks and the main rock mass. The authors have established that the intensity of the wave field distortion is determined by the contrast of the physical properties...

In the current context, in which the analysis of the failures by infrared thermography for the hydraulically operated machines is an increasingly widespread internationally method, starting from the year 2016, in Romania, at INOE 2000 - IHP Bucharest the first thermographic analyzes were laid made on hydraulic equipment. It is known that by maintaining normal limits of variation of the temperature and viscosity of the hydraulic oil in the actuation plants, are created the conditions of the productivity increase an...

Multiple veins of subvolcanic lithologies, including porphyries, lamprophyres and dolerites, outcrop in northern Portugal intruding both the pre-variscan metasedimentary basement (known as the Schist-Greywacke Complex) and variscan granites of high compositional variability. The N-S trending, granitic/rhyolitic porphyries of Vila Pouca de Aguiar (VPA) constitute two of the most important examples of these veins. Both porphyries intrude the main facies of the regional pluton (the VPA granite). The present study con...

In Russia, Best Available Techniques (BAT) are considered to be Environmental Industrial Policy instruments, used both by environmental and industrial authorities. The Ministry for Natural Resources and Environment (Minprirody) and the Federal Supervisory Natural Resources Management Service (Rosprirodnadzor) are responsible for the development of environmental legislation and its enforcement. The Ministry for Industry and Trade (Minpromtorg) works out industry-related acts, sectoral and regional programmes, and u...

Since 2003, the Complex Expedition to study the historical waterways of Russia headed by S.I. Vavilov Institute for the History of Science and Technology of the Russian Academy of Sciences in collaboration with the staff of the Faculty of Geography of Lomonosov Moscow State University performed integrated geoecological exploration of the historical waterways of the Russian Plain. The following sites were explored: the Mariinskaya and Severo-Dvinskaya water systems, Ladoga and Onega canals, the lake-canal system of...

Petroleum companies have leading roles in modern economy, as their financial and economic performance to a large extent form the economies of petroleum producing countries. With the background of highly volatile petroleum markets and increasing inter-fuel competition, it is essential for the companies to find an optimal strategy for the long-term sustainable growth. The research aims a comprehensive study of set of indicators reflecting the performance of companies in the oil and gas industry (on an example of Rus...

For the rational organization of natural territories of historical and cultural significance, it is necessary: to develop a long-term strategy for nature management, to implement functional zoning and integrated landscape and environmental monitoring. The monitoring should be based on a detailed large-scale landscape-ecological research of the territory, including the compilation of a cadastre of landscape and landscape-historical complexes, an assessment of their ecological state and the identification of the mai...

The relevance of the work is dictated by extensive environmental pollution in the areas of mining waste storage by chemical elements of 1-3 hazard classes (Hg, Be, As, Fe, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Co, Ni, Mo, Ag, and Sb). The interaction of crushed sulfide-containing wastes with surface waters and atmospheric precipitation contributes to the formation of highly mineralized technogenic solutions with element concentrations exceeding the background and maximum permissible values several orders of magnitude. Land and water re...

Phthalates and phthalic acid esters are actively used in the production of PVC-materials in order to make them resistant and flexible. They might migrate from the materials to the environment both under exposure to external physical factors, and without them. Phthalates impact negatively on the human organs and systems like the hormonal system, liver, kidneys. In addition, they have a systemic effect. The analysis of phthalates migration from polymer packaging into food is of the greatest interest for the research...

The purpose of this study is to address and consider ancient manor complexes as landscape objects, and to identify the linkages between their formation, location and environmental conditions. Ancient manors are unique monuments of the spiritual and material culture of Central Russia. The landscape has the imprint of the historical and cultural heritage of the past, which, in turn, largely determines its current state and appearance. We consider the manor as a landscape-historical estate complex, which was formed d...

One of the crucial problems for wind farm development is wind farm layout optimization. It seeks the optimal positions of wind turbines inside a wind farm, so as to maximize and/or minimize a single objective or multiple objectives, while satisfying certain constraints. Although this problem for wind farms in flat terrain or offshore has been investigated in many studies, it is still a challenging problem for wind farms in complex terrain. Designing wind farms in complex terrain is becoming more and more important...

In the world practice, lead-zinc karst deposits occupy one of the leading positions in terms of reserves and rich ore mining. In terms of metal content, they excel all other commercial-genetic types. Karst deposits are a new commercial-genetic type for Kazakhstan. One of the promising regions for discovery of the karst deposits is the Great Karatau, known for such objects (Achisai, Karasai, Kantegi, Araltau and oth.). The area of the Achisai ore cluster is composed of thick carbonate strata of limestones and dolom...