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The dependence of the relative deviation of the critical frequencies of the ionospheric F2- layer (foF2) and the total electron content (TEC) on geomagnetic disturbances was investigated based on data from an ionosonde station at Sofia (National Institute of Geophysics, Geodesy and Geography - Bulgarian Academy of Sciences) for the period of 1995-2014. The local time dependence is presented by a Fourier decomposition including four harmonics of the diurnal course. The average daily dependencies for each calendar m...

Here we focused on the massive, non-pedogenic, loess-like siltstones, which are common within the fluvio-lacustrine Middle Permian red sediments of Kazan Volga region, to refine their depositional settings. Sedimentological, mineralogical and geochemical methods including field description, grain size analysis, optical microscopy, bulk geochemistry and X-ray diffraction, were used. Siltstone facies from the Urzhumian red beds of this region are represented by two types: laminated and massive, the last one is commo...

Fires in natural ecosystems, including forest fires, destroy whole ecosystems of states and can be extremely catastrophic. Total square of forest fund in Ukraine is 10.4 million ha, 9.6 million ha of which is covered with forests vegetation. Forest cover of the state is 15.9%. For the last 50 years, the square of the forests increased at 21% and wood stock ? almost three times. Suppression of fires in natural ecosystems and forests would be impossible without transportation means. That is why, during emergency man...

The paper presents a methodology, based on artificial neural networks, for the offshore wind speed values long-term prediction. One of the most available renewable energy is the wind energy. The offshore wind turbines placement presents some benefits comparing with onshore one, like lower environmental impact and long-term stability of surroundings geometry. Of course, there are also drawbacks, like difficult set-up and maintenance or expensive transmission systems for the converted energy. Over all, the off-shore...

At present, the use of oil and gas as efficient energy sources determines the pace of development not only of the economic system, but also the social sphere. The oil and gas industry occupies a special place in the Russian economy and ensures the life-sustaining activity of the national economic complex and forms a significant part of the budget revenues. The idea of sustainable development comprises the economic efficiency of mineral resources management in a social and environmental perspective. This approach a...

Nowadays, the problem of environmental pollution by heavy and radioactive metals is still remaining crucial. Extraction is one among the most efficient ways to remove the metals from contaminated soil and wastewater. However, this process is complicated by a number of factors, including the difficulty of separating extractants from soil and water, as well as the technological problems in the process. Herein, polymer granules based on crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol and possessing magnetic properties due to the iron ...

The authors proposed management optimization areas of Kherson region territorial communities? recreational resources in the process of decentralization and reform of administrative and territorial structure of Ukraine. The perspectives of local socio-economic development, new economic opportunities and directions of tourism and recreational capacities using through international partnership are identified, including involvement of Kherson region and certain territorial communities in the international project ?Dec...

Research goal of the paper is mathematical description of the physical process of forming the surface waters quality on the example of the Lower Section of the Ingulets River. The methodology in which the chemical status of a water body (category and class of water quality) is assessed based on the analysis of observational data (concentrations of priority hazardous pollutants) was used. Based on a general assessment, the suitability of surface waters for use in various economic purposes is established. We propose...

The investigations of the parental melts composition for the ultramafic lamprophyres from the Siberian Craton were provided. This type of alkaline rocks together with carbonatites and kimberlites is unique since it directly carries information about deep mantle processes. There is also industrial significance for such type of rocks, as they are potential sources of niobium, rare earths and many other critical elements. Study of inclusions of melt captured by minerals of alkaline rocks is a modern method of studyin...

The paper presents a new technical solution for the device of the primary sensing element of the MET sensor that stabilizes the temperature characteristics of the device due to the fact that the background current flowing through the cathodes of the converting element is controlled by a specially designed electronic circuit depending on the ambient temperature. In this case, a current is passed through the anodes, the value of which depends on the temperature according to a certain law. The cathode current value i...

Land resources are the main means of production and a factor of socio-economic development and ecological sustainability of environment[1]. The condition of soils is one of the main indicators of the ecological state of the territories, because of the direct impacts from internal factors, which are caused by the use of soils in agricultural production[2] and external influences caused by anthropogenic activities[3]. Unsatisfactory condition of the soil cover in Ukraine, which is confirmed in scientific works of th...

Carbonatites are a unique group of magmatic rocks that contain extremely high concentrations and the world's largest reserves of rare earth elements, niobium, and a number of other industrial metals. The Late Mesozoic Central Asian carbonatite province includes three main regions: Western Transbaikalia, Central Tuva in Russia, and the South Khangai region in Mongolia. The carbonatites form deposits and occurrences of the complex Fe-P-F-(Ba)-(Sr)-REE ores. We studied and correlated the present data about mineral an...

In this study on speaking about minerals, we can use the elements from them in high-tech technology in everyday life. The pegmatites are surrounded by gneiss with muscovite, garnets, staurolite; mica schists with garnets, staurolite, kyanite; and amphibolites. In the Con?u area pegmatites appear in tabular veins form, or irregular lenses, arranged by accordance with mica schists of the host metamorphic rocks. The pegmatites veins have a thickness that varies between 2 and 10 meters in the central area and developm...

Solid waste disposal facilities are sources of significant negative impact on the environment. In this paper, waste disposal facilities (landfills, dumps, sludge and manure storage facilities, etc.) are considered as open geo-ecological systems that constantly interact with the environment through the flows of substances and energies. Factors that increase the negative impact of landfills are waste fires, as well as accumulation of explosive gases, especially methane. Due to the fact that a municipal solid waste l...

Environmental economics is a sub-field of economics that is associated with environmental issues. It has become a widely studied topic in connection with a growing concern for the environment in the twenty first century. Quoting from the National Bureau of Economic Research Environmental Economics Program: Environmental Economics ... conducts theoretical and empirical studies of the economic effects of national or local environmental policies around the world. The development of socio-economic, political and scien...

Stockpiling and conservation of mining waste is of high social and environmental importance, since it is the mining industry that is characterized by large volumes of waste. It is almost impossible to update information on the ecological state of ore mining and processing wastes accumulated during the deposits development and their impact on the environment by studying the archives of enterprises, due to the incompleteness of the stored data that is not within the scope of industrial interests. In this regard, it ...

The study of the specific nature of the coastal zone requires a combination of a wide range of data from multi-beam and single-beam echosounding, LiDAR scanning, unmanned aerial vehicles, and generation of accurate high-resolution digital terrain models. In recent years, the development of seabed mapping technology has allowed for more precise mapping of the coastal zone. The complex analysis of data on relief, morphostructural units, contemporary tectonic deformations, geological and lithostratigraphical structur...

Both the Blue Flag as municipal coastal and Green Flag (also Eco-Schools) as educational pro-environmental behaviour development programmes are recognized as the best practice internationally as voluntary and integrative environmental governance instruments. Both are the main objects of this comparative research-and-development study, based on case study research nationally and of best municipal practices, altogether being oriented towards necessity of municipal environmental governance further encouragement in La...

N-methyl-D-glucose amine is an amine formed by reduction of glucosylamine or glucose oxime. N-alkylated glucamines are prepared from D-glucose and relevant alkylamines. Here synthesis of N-methyl-D-glucose amine by consecutive condensation of D-glucose with methylamine in ethanol media followed by reduction over Ni containing hyper crosslinked polystyrene is reported. In typical synthesis 50 g sample of D-glucose monohydrate was added to 150 ml of ethanol (96 wt.%) and stirred under 600 rpm for 30 minutes. Suspens...

The main purpose of the research is investigating approaches of nanostructural perovskite obtaining. We used wide known methods, which used for studying microstructure and electronics properties such as atom-force and scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction method. The major findings of the research are following: recent developments in the physics of high-index resonant dielectric nanostructures suggest alternative mechanisms for subwavelength light control driven by Mie resonances with strong magnetic re...

The main purpose of the research is investigating approaches of nanostructural perovskite obtaining. We used wide known methods, which used for studying microstructure and electronics properties such as atom-force and scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction method. Halide perovskites have emerged recently as promising materials for many applications in photovoltaics and optoelectronics. Recent studies of their optical properties suggest many novel opportunities for a design of advanced nanophotonic devices...

A business model consists of specific components that enable the presentation of the path and tools for creating value or its loss in the activities of enterprises. Classically, from the accounting science research point of view and in accordance with the disclosure map proposed by the International Integrated Reporting Council (IIRC), there are four main components of a business model: inputs (capitals), business activities, outputs and outcomes. The research subject presented in the paper is inputs, which includ...

To understand the natural causes of the ?global warming?, it?s necessary to know the temporal evolution of the warm and cold phases of some cosmic phenomena with a cyclical development that induced the general climate of our planet in the past. For historic times, the climatic effects of shorter cycles are manifested more than those of longer ones, which are less visible. Thus, the ?global warming? (in fact the ?Actual Climatic Optimum? - ACO) can be regarded as the last warm phase of the mini-glaciations cycle. T...

There is a strong interdependence between natural ecosystems and human health. The imbalances created within natural ecosystems as a result of climate change have left their mark on human habitats. Understanding the importance of the relationship between biodiversity - natural ecosystems - human health could lead to solving some of the problems planet Earth is facing at the beginning of the 21st century. Global political strategies should encompass more ideas of including natural ecosystems in the design of genera...

The ore extraction from Krumovo deposit, located at the northern periphery of the Manastir heights in Southeast Bulgaria started in 1906 and continued till 1986. The ore comprised Fe3O4 with admixtures of sulfides such as pyrite, pyrrhotite, marcasite and chalcopyrite. Open pits and underground workings were used. The excavations severely degraded the habitats, vegetation and waters on an area of about 3 km2. By 1986 waste rock (comprising hydrothermally altered basic magmatic rocks, such as gabbro or diorites, ma...

From the tourist point of view, National Park of ?Nemuna? mountins is one of the most interesting territories in Kosovo and beyond. It has the most diverse and preserved forest vegetation, with a range of endemic flora species and flora relics, which in scientific and tourist terms is very important and attractive. This of course complements the morphological and hydrographic characteristics, as well as important tourist motives. The mentioned natural resources of the ?Nemuna?mountains positively determine their r...

The sphere of public tourism and recreational services of the population, as one of the sustainable resource usage type, can make a significant contribution to the realization of the nature protection tasks and way of natural ecosystems sustainable functioning maintenance. Ecotourism can be one of the most effective environmental protection tools in case of proper management and planning of recreational nature management. In Iraqi Kurdistan, tourism is spontaneous and usually had the form of private trips to touri...

To date, the Late Paleozoic lepidophytes of the Orulgan range (Northern Verkhoyansk Region) were represented by the genera Angarophloios, Angarodendron, Lophiodendron, Tomiodendron. In 2014, the author, together with I.V. Budnikov, R.V. Kutygin, L.G. Peregoedov and V.I. Makoshin studied the sections of the Lower Carboniferous layer-by-layer in the upper reaches of the Sobolokh-Mayan River (the Bylykat and Nimnecheen rivers) and made new collections of fossil flora. During monographic studying the collection of fos...

Fields that are in the late stages of development have low potential and opportunities to solve the accumulated technical and environmental problems due to insufficient profitability of their operation, lack of sources of financing. This fully applies to the fields of the Orenburg region, among the main problems of which should be noted: the growth of the share of hard-to-recover hydrocarbon reserves in low-permeable reservoirs, the share of high-viscosity oil; the low level of utilization of associated petroleum ...

Nanofibers have attracted a lot of attention for applying in the third and fourth generation of solar cells to enhance their performance. In this paper, we investigate the possibility of obtaining and using successfully high-quality nanofibers based on perovskite: polymer composites (PPCs) in perovskite solar cells. First, the advantages, challenges and development directions of employing nanofibers as active layers (ALs) in organic solar cells (OSCs) have been reported to establish the principles needed to prepar...

The purpose of the analysis is to study the conceptual models and mechanisms of the state?s oil policy in some OPEC countries and Russia. Despite the fact, that today the world is pursuing a course to reduce the energy intensity of the economy and protect the environment, economic welfare largely continues to depend on oil consumption, and the oil industry has a global nature of its functioning. This requires taking into account the mechanism of the state?s influence both on the external and internal segments of t...

The decision making theory finds its application literally at any field of science, especially at geosciences, because working with natural resources requires the most accurate tools. This paper considers one question of the given theory, which is called the solution priority problem. The priority problem in multi-object optimization is quite complex, many authors understand it in their own way. Perhaps this is because now the theory of multi-purpose optimization is in its infancy: there is no holistic understandi...

Worldwide, political framework reaffirmed sustainable development as a central element of the international agenda and give a new impetus to the practical application of the global measures to combat the negative effects of human actions and for the environmental protection. Since mid 2010, petrol consumption in the transport sector has increased at a higher rate than in other sectors. The transport sector generates 35% of the total CO2 emissions. In this context, strategies have been adopted to use clean energy, ...

The article examines the paleogeographic conditions of rock formation of the Alakol depression from the Baikol era of the end of the Proterozoic in order to determine the most favorable deposits for oil and gas source properties, where to the north and south of the Alakol depression there were marine sedimentation conditions with the accumulation of deposits up to 1000m. it was found that in the Early Cambrian time, a contract relief developed east of the depression. In the Ordovician, sediments accumulate under m...

The idea of the Hercynian Paleozoic age of the Turanian platform foundation is widespread among geologists, giving way to an opinion of its having no prospects for oil and gas. New seismic and geological data obtained in the south of the Turanian platform, within the South Mangyshlak downfold system in Kazakhstan and the Asseke-audan trough in Uzbekistan, support the authors? idea on a new Paleozoic floor promising oil and gas in this area. Results of the analysis and comparison of the well sections prove the regi...

The authors have conducted an experiment that involved modeling of interactions between immune regulation mechanisms applying a viral load simulator in vitro. The experiment was performed on a suspension that contained immune cells extracted from peripheral blood samples (68 samples overall). There were several influencing factors such as impacts exerted by managing elements including cytokines (IL-1), hydrocortisone, and exogenous environmental factors represented by aluminum compounds (aluminum oxide) as well as...

Upper Paleozoic carbonate-terrigenous deposits are widespread in the southwestern part of South Kazakhstan: in the Syr Darya, Aral, Chu-Sarysu and South Torgai sedimentary basins Karatau mountains, the Ugam ridge, as well as in the adjacent territories of Uzbekistan. Their capacity reaches 4000 m. At the end of the Middle Devonian, the western edge of the Kazakhstan continent sank, which led to transgression of the sea and the formation of a basin of forward deflection. On the outskirts of the latter, carbonate pl...

The dike rocks under study are localized in Mesozoic (T3-J2) clastic rocks in the western part of Verkhoyansk-Kolyma fold area. Studying the nature of the dikes and geodynamic setting of their formation is of great interest now in view of the controversy surrounding their assignment to definite magmatic complexes of the Verkhoyansk-Kolyma fold area and the uncertain origin of mineralization in the Yana-Kolyma gold belt. Major elements were determined using the silicate analysis of magmatic rocks. The mineral compo...

In the portuguese section of the Central Iberian Zone, the Guimaraes region hosts a wide diversity of plutonic variscan lithologies including biotite-rich granitoids and vaugnerites. Vaugnerite outcrops occur as small bodies, typically enclosed by the main regional granite (the coarse-grained, biotite-rich, porphyritic Guimaraes and Santo Tirso monzogranite). Mafic enclaves of vaugnerites can also be identified in the host granite. The granitoids are peraluminous (ASI = 1.10 ? 1.15), having crystallized from melts...

The lack of field studies outcome on ancient wineries and land plots under vineyards in the Kerch Peninsula puts on agenda a higher demand for new data, which is essential for understanding viticulture development of the European Bosporus throughout 4th c. BC ? 3rd ?. AD. The geoarchaeological approach, with the involvement of the natural sciences resources (pedology, geochemistry, palaeobotany), was used to study the soil within the archaeological complex (10 km west of Pantikapaion (modern Kerch)) dated 4th ? 3r...

The research topic is about to planning geopark in Racha-Lechkhumi Kvemo Svanei region, specifically in Racha region In Georgia, Caucasus. There is no one category of protected areas in Racha region. Geopark is a new category of protected areas which will be a novelty in Georgia and the whole of the Caucasus. In the case of planning the geopark, in the region would develop geotourism. In today's developed countries, Geotourism and geoparks as novel strategies for socio?economic development in rural areas. Geopark ...

The trend of improving the properties of the used materials also extends to the field of road construction. The research focuses on materials and technologies that immediately improve several properties of asphalt mixtures and at the same time reduce the energy requirements during the production, laying and compaction of asphalt mixtures. When comparing the energy consumption consumed in the production of one t of a mixture (HMA, WMA), it is possible to save at least 15 % of costs and CO2eq emissions [kg/t] up to ...

The ability of a moving charge to create a vortex magnetic field around itself is well known. This phenomenon formed the basis for the creation of electromagnets. The reverse process is electromagnetic induction, when a magnet moving with acceleration becomes a source of electric current in a closed conducting circuit. In this regard, ferromagnetic fluids are of some interest. Ferromagnetic fluid is an aggregatively stable colloidal system consisting of nanosized particles of a dispersed phase uniformly distribute...

In recent years, the world has been plagued by a large number of emergencies that have an impact not only on the population, but also on health, property and the environment. One of the basic tasks performed by the public administration is to ensure the safety and protection of the population through various tools. One of the tools is, for example, safety planning. With the help of safety plans, it is possible to achieve the application of appropriate measures that help deal with emergencies or crisis situations a...

The goals of this study were to quantify the relationship between population density and climatic variables over Russia. A paired GIS-analysis of the population density layer (a dependent variable) on climatic layers of warmth and water resources and climate severity (independent variables) resulted in a multiple linear bioclimatic model of the population density in Russia. The model explained 38% of the population density variation by climate. We applied our population model to the extreme climate change scenario...

The power and energy parameters of paddle drills used for drilling geotechnological wells in the extraction of uranium raw materials are considered. The distributions of the axial load, rotational force, and power for all rock-cutting elements of drills are obtained. A comparison of the cost of power for the destruction of the bottom of the well using a well-known and patented picobur equipped with a ring pilot showed that picobur of a new design during drilling reduces energy consumption by 14-17% due to a more r...

Dust emissions from industrial enterprises are often treated as total suspended particles (TSP); and they also quite often contain a wide range of chemical components. Among these components rather hazardous admixtures can be found, such as heavy metals, benzpyrene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, etc. Structure of emissions in terms of admixtures contained in them is determined by raw materials applied at a specific production, production technologies, structure of an end product, etc. Being suspended, chemical...

Current problems of Russian subsurface users (volatility of the global energy market, ambiguity in the behavior of traditional consumers, an increase in the share of alternative energy sources in the global fuel and energy balance, low level of technological efficiency of fixed assets, insufficient processing depth, high losses of hydrocarbons, lack of technologies for recycling resources, methane emissions, etc.) reduce the environmental and economic efficiency of production, which, in turn, this leads to a deter...

Georgia belongs to the number of small, open economies. The problems in its economy are therefore similar to those of developing countries. Our country's economic growth largely depends on the scale of attracting foreign direct investments. The foreign trade suffers permanent shortages; local agriculture is underdeveloped; mechanization and melioration and Chemicals supply level is low; Moreover, the agricultural sector suffers from a lack of funds. Despite the fact the product produced in this sector is natural, ...

The Brown Coal Research Institute j. s. c. is realising the long term research and survey of the mining area of the Most Basin. One of new important tasks is problem of climatic changes. The Most Coal Basin area is known for its largest Czech brown coal deposit. It is situated in the region of North Western Bohemia - Czech mining region. The main mining companies are the North Bohemian Mines, j.s.c. and the Seven Group j.s.c. The main mining localities are the Bilina open pit mine, the Libous open pit mine, the Vr...