Browse

Agricultural production is expected to increase in the world, which will be determined by the growing population and the rising demand for food, feed, fibre and energy. However, an increase in agricultural output could result in an increase in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the agricultural sector. In order to avoid it, emissions have to be ?decoupled? from agricultural production, i.e. it is necessary to decrease the GHG emissions per unit of agricultural production. This is particularly important for Latvia...

The research study analyzes the state of degradation of Kula Izvoranu - Geblescu - heritage building from Oltenia Region and proposes solutions for its rehabilitation and introduction into the cultural circuit. The influence of the known parameters - construction period, used materials, is analyzed. The building being in precollapse stage is mandatory to be rehabilitated. The methods used are non-invasive and are based on visual inspection, historical analysis of buildings. There were performing a lot of compressi...

Paper presents a new process of refurbishing by metal deposition in different zones of the used parts, the refurbishment by welding in the ultrasonic field. A comparative analysis of the main defects is made, that occur in the case of welding in the protective gas comparing with the process of refolding by welding in protective gas medium with the ultrasonic activation of the additive material. In the case of the refurbishment by ultrasonic welding of used parts, the problem that concerns most is the appearance an...

In recent years the interest in supercritical fluids is growing. The transition of water into the supercritical state occurs in a closed volume when it reaches the temperature of 374В°C and the pressure of 21.8 MPa. At that, the boundary between liquid and vapor disappear a new state of water has a low viscosity and a high diffusion capacity. To analyze the bituminous oil in supercritical water with ultra-dispersed magnetite particles andcaustobiolith. Experiments conducted in a closed reactor under conditions tha...

The global influence of environmental problems has led to an increasing role of international environmental non-governmental organizations, which has become active actors on the global arena. Climate change as the serious challenge led to consolidation of efforts of states and non-governmental organizations. ?Green diplomacy? or ?environmental diplomacy? has become a part of international relations. At the first stage of our study the characteristics of the leading international environmental organizations were co...

The volume of generated municipal waste increases proportionally with the rise in population and higher personal consumption by individuals. Municipal waste management requires considerable financial resources and, because all of us generate waste, we all have to contribute our share. In the Slovak Republic, the fees for municipal waste are laid down by Act No. 582/2004 Coll. on local taxes and local fees for municipal waste and minor construction waste. Pursuant to this Act, municipalities issue their generally b...

Electricity in Romania is based on obtaining it in thermoelectric power plants. On the territory of Romania there are thermoelectric power plants operating with different types of fuels (gaseous, liquid and solid). At present, the largest amount of electricity is obtained from solid-fuel in thermal power plants. Thermoelectric power plants are considered to be an important source of environmental pollution. These have negative effects on all environmental components. The technological processes from the combustion...

The talk will be focused on the subject matter of possible creation of a database for determining market value of land using price comparison. The authors will focus upon selected questions regarding determining market value of land. They will define basic properties of land pieces, which are essential for the right choice of another comparable piece of land for valuation. The properties that are essential for selecting the method of valuation of market value of land are not only the kind of land stated in the lan...

The importance of mineralogical research in microscale increases with the need of advanced characterization and detailed quantitative analysis of ores and upgrading products. Automated mineralogy technique connected with advanced scanning electron microscopy like QEMSCANВ® or MLA give a possibility to obtain comprehensive information about mineral and elemental composition, particle size distribution, liberation and associations between grains and other quantitative and qualitative data for raw materials and produ...

Biomass, a major renewable energy source, can be converted to biofuel. The Region of Warmia and Mazury in north-eastern Poland, which features extensive woodlands and farmlands, is a leader in biomass production and biomass use for energy generation. The Warmia and Mazury Energy Agency has developed, in collaboration with the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, a biomass energy strategy for 2010-2020. The strategy is consistent with the Polish Energy Policy and the national plan for the use of renewable en...

On August 2016 in the Kazanka River (the tributary of the Volga River) was the mass mortality of fish (gibel carp Carassius gibelio) and waterfowl (mallard Anas platyrhynchos). Investigation of the causes of mortality showed that during this period the mass development of phytoplankton was reported (number 43.9-83.1 million cells/L and biomass in the interval 2.20-8.12 mg/L). Biomass of the group of blue-green algae was 0.76-3.25 mg/L. Planktolyngbya limnetica (Lemm) Kom.-Legn. et Cronb (94.6 % of the number) and ...

Getic Depression is a mature and prolific petroleum province in the Carpathian Orogen. It belongs to a large group of petroleum systems in Romania, respectively Carpathian Foredeep. Getic Depression represents the foredeep of the Cretaceous to Paleogene Southern Carpathians. During the Paleogene to Early Miocene it has been affected by transtension due to the eastward movement of the Inner Carpathians. Finally, the basin has been inverted and thrusted over Moesia during the Mid-Miocene collision of the Carpathians...

The enterprises working in shadow economy do not undertake any measures for protection of ecology, do not pay payments for use of natural resources and environmental in the budget though they do harm to a surrounding medium in the course of the economic activity. The scales of a shadow economy existing in the Russian Federation exerts the increasing impact on formation and ensuring financial stability of regional budgets. According to the experts the IMF, scales of the shadow sector of economy in the Russian Feder...

The paper deals with burning processes, combustible materials and materials. Each fire is accompanied by combustion processes that depend on combustion conditions, in particular the presence of flammable substances and materials, oxidant and source of initiation. Fire is burning spreading uncontrollably in time and space. Fever represents a set of exothermic physicochemical events, in which the redox reactions occurring in the release of a considerable amount of thermal and light energy, at the same time release f...

The Volga?Ural petroliferous basin is the oldest oil producing region of Russia. Therefore, most of the major oil and gas fields of traditional types here are already at the final stage of production. This provides for the increasing interest to develop unconventional resources of hydrocarbons associated with potential resources of the Upper Devonian?Lower Carboniferous (Tournaisian) Domanik-type sedimentary formations. This study focused on the geomechanical and petrophysical evaluation of the Domanik Formation a...

Dielectric barrier discharge being low-temperature plasma generated in cases with an dielectric material between the electrodes is a new method developed recently which has been used to degrade organic pollutants in waste water, because is the hydroxyl radical produced as was shown. Pollution of water with aliphatic organic substances leads to irreversible environmental changes. Physicochemical and biological methods of water treatment are being developed for controlling such pollution. Oxidation of aliphatic orga...

Interpretation of geophysical data is an important stage at a research of interior of Earth and problem solving of a prospecting geophysics. Potential geophysical fields ? gravitational, magnetic, stationary thermal ? satisfy to the equation of Laplace. Therefore, the theory and methods of interpretation developed for one of this field have the universal character. At the same time, it is necessary for these problems solution to use results of interpretation other geophysical data, first of all, seismic data. Proc...

The objects of research were carbonate-siliceous rocks of Semiluk and Mendym horizons of Upper Devonian formations from Volga-Ural region, Russian Federation. The main purpose of studying was a comprehensive investigations Devonian black shale and an assessment of their resource potential as objects of future exploitation for oil (unconventional shale oil formations). It was shown that the Upper Devonian black shales and their analogues have widespread on the territory of the eastern part of the Russian platform. ...

Many industrial applications need different approaches of the problematic of determination of distance in gas environment with different gas concentrations. Due to the technological limitations caused by environment conditions like temperature, pressure, corrosive factors, there is a narrowing of the range of sensor types capable of measuring in specific circumstances of a certain industrial process. In this paper we propose a technical solution with a high potential of providing the necessary information in real ...

Biodiesel is one of the most promising renewable liquid fuels. It can be obtained from any raw material containing fatty acids, however the main industrial process today remains based on vegetable oil transesterification with methanol. In recent years also interesterification of oils with methyl acetate as reactant had been studied. Interesterification of triglycerides with methyl acetate provides a promising alternative of transesterification because triacetin is formed instead of glycerol. Both processes are rea...

Determination of the present-day stress field tensor is one of the fundamental problems of modern geodynamics. Nowadays, world stress map (WSM) project provide a global compilation of information on the crustal present-day stress field. From a practical point of view, knowledge of the stress field allows us to solve a number of production problems related to the investigation and extraction of hydrocarbons in safety way. In particular, orientation of the main stresses and stress regime are necessary to set the bou...

In this paper we make a briefly presented the problems related to geomagnetic field metrology within the Surlari Observatory from Romania, in accordance with the international standards of planetary network of geomagnetic observatories INTERMAGNET and International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy (IAGA), followed by an overview of the types of geomagnetic variations. We have identified and selected few time periods of intensive geomagnetic activities, from the year 2017 and based on the data files recorde...

Cogeneration is one of the current solutions for the use of secondary thermal resources consisting in the simultaneous supply of electric and thermal energy. The main advantage of cogeneration is the use of thermal energy discharged from industrial installations. The type of installation under consideration has the following advantages: it covers an extended range of electric power, simultaneously provides electricity and thermal energy in hard-to-reach areas, and reduces the thermal impact by upgrading the therma...

Zigana Tunnel is a new constructing tunnel, which will be the second in the world, and the longest in Europe, on the G?m??hane-Trabzon highway. Two tunnels are being constructed between the K?stere village of G?m??hane and the Ba?ark?y village of Ma?ka district of Trabzon, each 14.5 kilometers long and 29 kilometers in length. The study theme is the reasons for the small scale collapse in the Zigana Tunnel K?stere Mevkii construction site; the location and size of possible fractures and / or cavity are investigate...

The implementation of the Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator (EEOI) by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) is a consequence of the need to specify quantified ships? energy efficiency of the vessels in service. The EEOI enables to monitor the efficiency of the ships in operation in a specific period of time based on an actual operation data. In reference to vessels other than ships which are designed for transporting passengers and / or goods (for which the EEOI has been developed), the application o...

To protect plants from harmful activity of pests and diseases, more attention should be paid to development and establishment of environmentally friendly regulation actions. Conifer trees produce a wide variety of compounds, such as terpenoids and phenolics. Several studies on coniferous components fungicidal and insecticidal activity are known Since 2010, LU Institute of Biology in cooperation with Latvian Forest Research Institute ?Silava? are working on the development of new environmentally friendly plant prot...

Within petroleum refining facilities are manufactured, used and stored significant amounts of hazardous materials, including raw materials, intermediates and final products. Within refineries there may arise the fire hazard for processing installations of the intermediate products with high melting point. For many of these intermediate products there are not determined the flammability parameters, fact which could allow the development and application of some efficient measures for prevention or limitation of dang...

The economic development of organizations in the modern business space is characterized by high environmental risks, caused both by the expansion of eco-standards, and by the increase in resource consumption associated with the development of industry and the tightening of requirements for the quality of life. In this regard, the role of resource taxes in the formation of budgets and financial results of organizations (enterprises) is growing. Taxes, like built-in regulators, are used by the state to stimulate the...

The purpose of screening paraffin oxidizing microorganisms and optimization of culture conditions on n-paraffins and oil products. The study on the ability to use hydrocarbons separated fungus culture that morphological characteristics attributed to the genus Aspergillus. The features Aspergilluss growth on hydrocarbons, the optimization of cultivation on hydrocarbons in a laboratory fermenter. It was shown that the lag phase duration and duration of fermentation depends on the accumulation of monocarboxylic acids...

The development of the world oil industry shows a significant growth of interest to the super-viscous oil deposits. One of the technologies for extracting super-viscous oil is Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage technology, which has been developed in the 1970s and is still used, including in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. Determination of the direction of steam chamber growth, the main operating factor of this method, is the main task of modeling heavy oil deposits. In this paper authors propose modeling of the h...

The aim of this paper is to provide a more thorough understanding of how to handle fires in enclosed spaces. This work was written primarily with regard to firefighters. Enclosure fire presents, by its special characteristics, a significant threat not only to the residents but also to intervening firefighters. The paper deals with the issue of enclosure fires focusing on flashover. The submitted project describes the current state of solved problems, factors influencing enclosure fires. Paper provides a deeper und...

Background: The development of the activity of spa tourism enterprises is particularly important in countries that are struggling with the phenomenon of an aging population, high mortality due to civilization diseases and air pollution. The article discusses the phenomenon of the development of Polish health resorts in the context of social changes in the perception of traditional and modern spa products. Method: To illustrate the phenomena occurring in spa tourism in Poland, statistical data (i.e. fluctuation of ...

The EU Reference Books of Best Available Techniques and the RF Information and Technical Books on Best Available Technologies (Techniques) are technical documents presenting factual technical, environmental and economic information, reflecting the outcomes of the information exchange under requirements of the EU Industrial Emissions Directive and the RF legislation in the field of environmental protection (namely ? in the area of Best Available Techniques (BAT) and Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC...

This paper discussed the effective application of heat exchange equipment the main areas of modern economic/domestic activities. Conclusions are made about the positive role of timely cleaning of heat exchange equipment and its impact on service life, saving money for expensive repairs and replacement of this equipment. The existing, practical methods of cleaning heat exchangers are analyzed. The key principles of developing an eco-technological business of chemical cleaning of heat-exchange equipment are consider...

Demand of dairy products, especially yogurts, increases year to year in Kazakhstan; it has a significant contribution to the market, developing the range of yogurts. Due to its wide consumption and acceptance, science interests on the analysis of dairy products. However not all method are able to analyze the composition of yogurts, due to the complex compound and peculiar structure. For this purpose solid-phase micro extraction (SPME) technique was developed and coupled to subsequent gas chromatography?mass spectr...

During diagenesis process, the upper Triassic sandstones Mulussa F reservoir have experienced multiple diagenetic transformations which have an important influence on the petrophysical properties of the reservoir, among them, the influences of the diagenetic / authigenic clay minerals precipitation. Conventional core analysis CCA data combined with petrographical observations have been used to characterize the upper Triassic sandstones reservoir parameters and to define the influence of the diagenetic clay mineral...

In the economic literature, the situation in regions is often seen in terms of economic security. We propose the following approach. Firstly, there is a diagnostics of security using the authors? method. This method implies the analysis of 12 spheres of activity focusing on the eco-economic security. Secondly, we assess the impact of the level of the eco-economic security on individuals and inhabited areas. Thirdly, we estimate the general situation in the territory and define the spheres where the socio-economic ...

The study of lake sediments allows to reconstruct abiotic and biotic conditions of a lake and its surrounding area. Diatom communities are commonly used in studies of water quality and being bioindicators of the lake state diatoms used for the reconstruction ecological conditions of the past. Core samples from Rubskoe Lake were collected in July 2015 and the species composition of the diatom algae, which serve as, were studied. The core covered a 13 000 years period. In 23 samples of Rubskoe Lake 30 diatom taxa be...

Bottom sediments of continental limnic ecosystems are of great interest to researchers as paleoarchives of changes taking place in the environment. Use of diatoms allows to reconstruct the main stages of life of lakes against the background of changing environmental conditions caused by natural and anthropogenic causes. The core of the bottom sediments selected from Pleshcheyevo Lake (Russia). The maximum age of the core was 5070В±150 year BP (Holocene period). Diatom analysis of 73 samples revealed 127 taxa. In t...

Heavy crudes and natural bitumen might present one of the accessible energy resources for the period of time necessary for the adoption of novel energy technologies of the future. Their development is characterized with low profitability, due to peculiarities of composition, mainly high content of high-molecular paraffin, resin and asphaltenes. At the present time in exploration of heavy hydrocarbon resources, thermal methods of production are being given more attention to. One of the key problems of thermal metho...

Climate change is a global problem and carbon sequestration is one of the possible ways to reduce it. After application of organic matter to the soil, most of the carbon is mineralized and released into the atmosphere where it becomes a part of the greenhouse gas. Biochar is also an organic matter but it contains carbon in a form that is mineralized slowly (hundreds to thousands years). In addition to these complex compounds, it also contains readily available carbon and also aromatic substances which may be toxic...

Latvia is a State near Baltic Sea formerly included in Soviet Union that hardly classified all types of cartographical and geological information making it not available for scientific evaluation. Geological mapping data, deep boreholes with cores available from various depth up to crystalline basement (>1km), intersections and seismic data from 60-ties indicate the existence of an enigmatic structure similar to structural forms called astroblemes; it is located south of the town of Dobele in Latvia N56?35? E23?15...

Doctrine, legislation and jurisprudence have importance in defining typologies of biodiversity bioresources. Matters of doctrine mainly concern to philosophy of life and the complexity hypothesis practical-theoretical in the current global geopolitical order. Legislation and jurisprudence must be built on the basic of relevant conclusions of specialists in gender diversity of Earth's ecosystems bioresources. This paper will analyze the current and future opportunities for bioresources at the confluence with the le...

A comparative research related to hydrogen adsorption capacity of multi wall nanotubes (MWNTs) and poly aniline (PANI) doped with Ruthenium (Ru) was carried out. Carbonic materials are considered to be one of the most promising materials for hydrogen adsorption and storage; they have different applications and fuel cells technology may be considered the most important of them. By using transitional metals for doping carbonic materials, the adsorption capacity. PANI has been prepared and doped in laboratory while M...

According to the international norms developed by the World Health Organization, water potability depends on physical and chemical factors, the absence of toxic substances and the elimination of pathogens. Water supply systems must be authorized and provide drinking water in the required amount and of a quality that complies with the legal requirements in force, so as not to affect the health of consumers. Qualitative and quantitative measurements are needed from time to time to constantly monitor the quality of w...

The results of the exploration of the dynamics of water level in the lake Bolshoy Tambukan for the period of more than 230 years is given. Lake Bolshoy Tambukan is a large deposit of peloids in the south part of Russia. Two periods of development of the lake are revealed: natural and natural-anthropogenic. Currently, there is a catastrophic rise of water in the lake and a decrease in its mineralization below 25 g/l. Data on fluctuations of mineralization and the most significant natural and anthropogenic events ar...

To implement the International Legislation, in the future it is necessary to retrofit HFC refrigerants with ecological ones. Minimizing the presence of F-gases deriving from activities in the field of refrigeration in the atmosphere, air-conditioning systems and heat pumps can only be carried out by observing the F-Gas Regulations, namely the (CE) 517/2014 Regulation and its relevant Subsidiaries, along with the European (and Romanian) refrigeration safety standard SR EN 378. Demonstrating a strong commitment to p...

Cementation is one of the most effective, eco-friendly and economically advantageous techniques for removal of valuable and / or toxic metals from industrial wastewaters. Copper is among the most prevalent and valuable metal used in industry. The present study investigates an eco-friendly recovery method for the copper ions present in synthetic wastewater, by cementation, using scrap iron and no energy consumption. It was evaluated the impact on copper cementation yield, caused by the fallowing parameters: (a) ini...

High concentrations of ammonium, toxic organic compounds, pathogenic microflora make chicken manure one of the most toxic agricultural wastes. The use of chicken manure in plant growing is only possible after its treatment, e.g. by means of composting or anaerobic digestion. One of alternative ways of chicken manure treatment is its pyrolysis, as a result of which pyrolysis fuel and biochar are produced. The latter can be used as nontraditional organic fertilizer. However, the properties of biochar produced from c...

This article reveals the ecological and economic effectiveness of improvement of organization of enterprise. Each component of ecological and economic effect is represented taking time into account. The problems and current state of economic evaluation of natural and social enterprise capital are considered. The criteria of ecological and economic evaluation of enterprise activity are revealed considering the synergetic aspect. Generalized scheme of development of ecologically oriented enterprises is illustrated. ...