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The Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) has proved to be a valuable tool for evaluating the potential for coastal change in a given area. The CVI ranks the following variables in terms of their physical contribution to sea level-related coastal change: geomorphology, regional coastal slope, rate of relative sea-level change, the rate of historical shoreline change, mean tidal range and mean significant wave height. They are termed coastal risk variables and the rankings for each variable are combined and an index va...

The aim of our study is to make a research and determine the level of comprehending environmental risks and level of anxiety among health personnel resulting from those risks. The total field under survey is 2303 health personnel working GATA Haydarpasa Hospital. Our experimental group consists of 74 doctors, 81 nurses and 65 health workers working in managerial staff. In our crossectional research, a questionnary form of 16 questions, prepared specially, applied to our experimental group. 11 questions from the qu...

The elimination of the risks endangering the health and life of the employees should be the main task of every employer. A necessary step for handling this task is identification of all dangerous steps referring toparticular activities of companies and specification of sources of risks engaged to every identified danger including recent as well as planned safety actions according to Work Code and low No. 126/2006 Z. z. of NR SR about safety and protection of health at work. Therefore employers have to accept effic...

The objectives of the present work are to develop technologies for the electrodeposition of mixed oxide nanocomposites with electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidative degradation of organic compounds. Oxidation of organics in the potential region of O2 evolution is supposed to proceed through the oxidation of water to hydroxyl radicals, which then may either be further oxidized to give molecular oxygen or interact with organic molecules in an oxygen-transfer reaction. Therefore, the ideal electrode material m...

Wetlands are important habitats consisting in true biodiversity pools. Human pressure had a continuous negative impact during time, i.e. significant changes, or more, irreversible, where the area of oligothrophic bogs has been reduced. Our observations have been carried in Tinovul Mare–Poiana Stampei Natural Reserve, situated in Dorna Depression (The Oriental Carpathians) at 910 m altitude, with 677 ha. This is the largest peat bog in Romania. The main goal is focused on all biotic and abiotic factors which are ...

This paper presents the outcome of the study on the compaction and consolidation behaviour of class F fly ash of Talcher Thermal Power Station (TTPS)of India for stowing in the underground mines. Light weight compaction test is conducted by using Proctor mold as per IS: 2720 to determine the optimum moisture content and dry density of fly ash and pond ash samples. From the compaction test it is found that the optimum moisture content of fly ash is 34.25\% at a maximum dry density of 1.15 g/cm3. Similarly, the opti...

Today Environmental management is an essential element of successful firm management. In this paper is an environmental management concept in “Mini Mariza Iztok”EAD presented. The benefits of the environmental management system include an increased focus on the most imminent ecological risks, improving team participation and prevention.

The preliminary goal of this study is to design, construct and test an automatic sequential precipitation sampling instrument. Testing includes collection of sequential precipitation samples, analyzing them and trying to find the sources of environmental pollution. Proposed sequential sub-event sampler is composed of two parts; mechanic and electronic hardware. Mechanical part includes a stepped 100 ml sampler cups on it, and a metallic body. Electronic part is composed of digital and analog sensors, various elect...

The world is being polluted rapidly in recent years. Pollution, which can stem from both natural and artificial causes, has a detrimental effect on our health and the environment. People’s contribution to the pollution cannot be emphasized enough. Technological development also plays an important role in environmental pollution. Extravagant uses of technology and people’s lack of sensitivity to the damages of technology cause pollution to increase in an uncontrollable rate. Pollution causes both global warming...

This work began with the hypothesis that buildings are designed and built to enhance the quality of our life. Many buildings fail to perform adequately and cause illness and productivity losses to the occupants. A lot of US and Europe studies have made the adverse health effects caused by indoor environmental exposure become more and more apparent. The growing impact of indoor pollution problem and property values, and its rise at the subject of litigation, has shown that limitations and the lack of comprehensiven...

In this study, it is aimed to find out which wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is more economical by means of comparison of initial investment costs and operational costs of decentralized and centralized domestic wastewater treatment plants in and around Antalya which is located in Mediterranean Region. For this purpose, data of 14 decentralized and 5 centralized domestic wastewater treatment plants is evaluated. The design flowrates of decentralized and centralized WWTP are varying 120-900 m3day-1 and 5000-22000 ...

Mudstone formation samples from Crete, GREECE are investigatedwith regard to their suitability as raw materials for rammed earth and adobe production. This paper deals with the mineralogical composition, soil particle size distribution of samples, as well as the analysis of sample consistency and compressive strength of rammed earth cube samples. Quartz and clay minerals are the major mineralogical constituents, whereas micas, chlorites, iron-oxides and hydroxides, carbonates and feldspars were detected in various...

Aim of the work is long-time monitoring of building reclamation mixtures on fly ash basis in pilot plant terms. The objective is to obtain a conclusive result set to prove that the interests of environment and people’s health protection are not endangered in the relation with natural geological surroundings by variant bulk mass mining technological utilisation in the area of open pit mines or a power industry. A rigorous assessment of the referential qualitative parameters of monitoring points environment is rep...

This paper will first discuss the environmental pollution that threatens the world’s presence and its consequences. Then, it will concentrate on one of the most important concequences of environmental pollution, the global warming, its antecedents and activities that result in CO2 emition. The negative effect of CO2 and greenhouse gases on the atmosphere, on the seas, climate changes, melting of the icebergs and the resulting scarcity, starvation, desertification will be explained. As one of the reasons of globa...

This study given a simple physic and hydraulics explication behind earthquake, called Tsunami. This explication based to energy conservation equation and wave properties have bind used to understand this phenomenon. As we calculated, the Energy E, Velocity v and wave length $\lambda$ of tsunami are decreased but the amplitude of tsunami wave A is increased when it reaches the land, respectively. The changing of wave height when it close to the shore makes tsunami difficult to be detected at early stage. From our f...

The most important creeks discharging to the Beysehir Lake (Sarisu, Ustunler, Ebulvefa, Eflatun) and their drainage area form the southeast basin of the lake. In this study will be given briefly the rocks in these basins and their hydrochemical relation with surface and subsurface water The Lower – Middle Cambrian Caltepe formation comprises of dolomite, crystallized limestone and nodular limestone, occurs at the basement and, has reservoir rock characteristics. The Upper Cambrian – Lower Ordovician Seydisehir...

Foundries melt ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloys and reshape them into products at or near their finished shape through the pouring and solidification of the molten metal or alloy into a mold. The foundry industry is a differentiated and diverse industry. It consists of a wide range of installations, from small to very large, each with a combination of technologies and unit operations selected to unit the input, size of series and type of product produced by the very specific installation. The foundry proc...

Bathymetric mapping is the first step in any underwater and sea bed investigation, especially for petroleum exploration. In most we face with a complex of sand and gravel covering the bottom of the sea. Differentiate these two type of seafloor covering material is the case of many research in offshore exploration. In this article We investigated a practical case history to define and show the differences of sand and gravel in their images. The images were obtained by the Yellow-Fin side scan sonar instrument and p...

With developing industries particularly dying industries and complication in the structure of dye molecules and resulting wastewaters from these plants cause a serious threat to the environment (due to resistance to biological treatment). The aim of this study was to investigate the efficiency of coupled system (UV/ZnO+SnO2) in the removal of acid yellow 23 (AY23) a mono-azo dye from aqueous solutions. In these experiments ZnO and SnO2 were employed in a single and coupled form in slurry conditions and the optimum...

Rural area of Croatia covers 90\% of land in Croatia, and there 47\% of total population living in it. These are mostly poorly developed areas in Croatia, and they are being expanded all the time, which causes the emigration of population. In order to trigger the development of rural areas, some measures are planned, among other things the land consolidation that might increase the economic efficiency of family farms, and hence, prevent the emigration of population from villages. Namely, small family farms being l...

This study aims to ensure the offshore pipeline under offshore vortex shedding analysis. Optimizations process depending on the iterative procedures requires an analysis considering each of extreme condition on the internal and external pipe flow. The stabilization of the offshore pipeline on sea bottom exposed to wind-generated wave and uniform-steady current action is achieved by utilized artificial concrete weights and sliding resistance between pipe and soil. Additionally, the vortex shedding induced dynamical...

This report are containing results of the analyses about quality estimation of water at the 35 hydrological and hydro-geological nature monuments of the republic of Tatarstan, which was been investigated analytical methods. This is objects of hydrosphere, are having more ecology-pure water in comparison with other analogs in that region which is known as region having intensively developed structure of an oil-extracting complex. In this region are difficulty to execute the long-term forecast of dynamics of change ...

Heavy metal contamination of soils possess a serious health threat and has become one of the major constraining factors in remediating a wide range of contaminated sites. Soil contains various components such as clay, kaolin, feldspar, quartz, etc. Soil composition (type of soil), soil pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), particle size, time and type of contamination, geological layout, etc. all play a major role in establishing the effectivenes of biosurfactant. In this study, the effects of saponin concentration,...

The abandoned mining area Smoln\'\ik in Slovakia belongs to the old environmental loads because of acid mine drainage (AMD) production. Massive pyrite oxidation and free sulphuric acid production are the major reason of water acidification (pH about 2-4) and dissolving of heavy metals from metallic ores. This acid mine drainage (AMD) contents high metal concentrations that variable in dependence on rainfall intensity (e.g. Fe 500- 400 mg/l; Cu 3-1 mg/l; Zn 13-8 mg/l and Al 110-70 mg/l) and it can be transferred in...

Acid Mine Drainage (AMD), resulted from the oxidation of sulphide-bearing rocks, is one of the most significant environmental challenges facing the mining industry worldwide. AMD impacts stream and river ecosystems by increasing acidity, depleting oxygen, and releasing heavy metals. They may occur during mining operations or long after a mine has been abandoned. Smoln\'\ik is an abandoned mine in the east of Slovakia that contribute AMD to rivers and streams. AMD from the Smoln\'\ik mine (shaft Pech), influences n...

Sb-mineralization had been exploited in many localities in Slovakia. Contamination of environment by Sb, As and other heavy metals is specific problem of Slovak mining regions. Natural background for groundwater in Slovakia was appointed to 1 $\mu$g/l for Sb and 5 $\mu$g/l. Two localities Poproc (in eastern part of Slovakia) and Dubrava (in The Low Tatras) are abandoned Mining areas where the stibnite ores had been exploited for many years. These areas represent high potential environmental risk because of transpo...

The sintering and phase formation of glass press-powders, obtained after melting and re-melting of MSW bottom ash, were investigated by non-isothermal dilatometry and differential thermal analysis. Additionally, a series of composite materials, containing 20 vol \% corundum powders with different fraction size, were prepared and studied. The crystalline phases, formed at different temperatures, were evaluated by X-ray diffraction and the structure of glasses and final materials were observed by scanning electron m...

The work discuses three ceramic compositions containing no feldspars and based on 30, 50 and 70 wt \% Blast Furnace Slag (BFS), respectively, 30 \% kaolin and quartz sand. Initially, the processes of phase formation and densification were estimated using nonisothermal Differential Thermal Analysis and Dilatometry. After that, the degree of sintering at different temperatures and times was measured by linear shrinkage and water absorption. The phase composition and the structure of final materials were evaluated wi...

The utilisation of fly ash must be searched for because of its current production. One possibility of the use is at old mines liquidation, where the ash can be used as a consolidated filling material. The consolidated filling material consisting of conventional fly ashes consolidated by a hydraulic binding material is transported to a pit in a suitable slurry consistency which ensures the strength for definite pit sections up to 5 MPa. Common requirements on physico-mechanical qualities are the pressure strength m...

Environmental large-scale contamination in surrounding of abandoned Sb-deposits in Slovakia by toxic elements (Sb, As, Zn, Pb, Cu...) as result of long-time mining activity is still undiscovered field. Surroundings of abandoned antimony deposit Popro\vc bear high concentrations of toxic contaminants mainly of sulfide relative minerals. Pollution resulting from long-time mining activity was observed in area adjacent to adit Agnes showing Sb concentrations within values 4 700 – 10 000 mg.kg-1 and maximum As concen...

Actual circumstances of the old storages are treated, created from the enrichment processes in the Trepca Flotation plant, Kishnica’s and Albanik (ex Leposavic) mines. According to the existing documentation there are dragged out more than 60m ton of rich minerals with Pb, Zn, Ag, Au, pyrite and other minerals from Trepca mines. This process was developed in the flotation plants of Stanterg, Kishnica and Albanik mines, achieved in a dispersive complex, as well as during the physical-chemical process. The separat...

The decolorization of C.I. Reactive Orange 36 (RO 36) by using Fenton-like process (Fe0/H2O2) was studied. Batch experiments were carried out for investigation of optimum operational conditions such as pH, H2O2 and Fe0 (iron powder) dosages. The results show that Fenton-like process is an efficient process to remove color from synthetic textile wastewater including RO 36 and polyvynil alcohol (PVA). The optimal conditions were experimentally determined and it was found to be initial pH = 3, [H2O2] = 50 mg/L, [Fe0]...

This study was focused on the application of Fenton (Fe+2/H2O2) process for the decolorization of colored synthetic wastewaters. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and C.I. Reactive Blue 21 (RB 21) were used as model pollutants. The selection of the optimal operating conditions (initial concentration of H2O2 and Fe2+) was performed in a batch reactor. The optimal reacting conditions were experimentally determined and it was found to be initial [H2O2] 20 mg/L, [Fe+2] 37.5 mg/L for synthetic wastewater containing [RB 21] 50 mg...

This study examined the decolorization of one of the most commonly used reactive dye by using the Fenton-like process [Iron pyrite/ H2O2]. Raw iron pyrite ore contains 28,68 \% Fe. Oxidation experiments were run in 500 mL-glass beakers that were continuously stirred for up to 180 min at a constant rate of 200 rpm, after initiation of the Fenton process. A series of experiments were carried out at various concentration of hydrogen peroxide and raw iron pyrite ore while the pH value was kept constant at 3 in order t...

In previous papers, we emphasised the important antimicrobial properties of some pyrazine and quinoxaline derivatives. In order to extend the research in the 1,4-diazine series, in this study we investigate the synthesis and amtimicrobial properties of some pyrazine and 6-methyl-quinoaline new derivatives. To this stage, we synthesised various cycloimmonium salts with acetophenone skeleton. On further treatment of diazinium salts in alkaline medium, we obtained ylidic intermediates. The existence in situ of ylids ...

The world population has been increasing rather fast along with an inevitable rise in the process of industrialization. Today, the world population has reached 7.2 billion and it has been struggling for better standards of life. However, the ecological equilibrium has been tilted off as a result of depletion of natural resources and of the damage to the nature in order to obtain such packaging materials used for the needs of 7.2 billion people, mainly in terms of food and catering sectors as well as textile, furni...

In this study leachate from solid waste landfill in Konya Municipal area was used. Landfill occupies 24 ha area with an average height of 8 m in the total area of 350 ha at the present time. The amount of solid waste generated is about 800-850 tons/day in summer and 950-1,000 tons/day in winter months yielding the average leachate flow rates of about 100 m3/day. The main characteristics of the leachate are chemical oxygen demand in the range of 7,500-55,000 mg/L, biological oxygen demand after 5 days of 4,000-36,5...

Renewable energy source is a source which energetic potential permanently renews with natureВґs processes or with the activity of man. Renewable-based energy sources have as yet played a negligible role in SlovakiaВґs energy balance. However there is the global trend toward more intensive use of these clean energies, therefore their higher utilisation is enshrined among the strategic goals of energy policies of most of the countries worldwide, including Slovakia. Necessity of energy and exploitation of the energet...

The utilization possibilities of secondary raw materials in civil engineering are presented in this paper. Three various solid waste kinds were tested as a partial cement or natural aggregate material replacement in construction applications. The influence of mechanically and chemically activated coal fly ash as 25 wt. \% cement replacement and steel slag and recycled concrete as aggregate fraction replacement on compressive strength development of composites during hardening was investigated. The addition of the ...

Antimony mineralization has been intensively exploited at numerous deposits in Slovakia from 17th century until a while since. Weathering and dissolution processes in the environment of mine tailings and closed mines, mobilize elevated levels of toxic elements such as arsenic and antimony, which represent dangerous contaminants for the surrounding ecosystem. The problem of contaminated groundwater should be solved and one of the possible remediation method is the Permeable reactive barrier system (PRB). The choice...