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A comparative study on the zeolitization of coal fly ash from thermo-power plant “Maritsa 3” (Dimitrovgrad) with KOH and NaOH solutions of different concentrations has been made. The initial materials have been activ ated by application of “conventional” method of hydrothermal treatment at temperatures near 100 °C, atmosphere pressure and liquid/solid ratio of 10 ml.g -1. Three concentration levels for KOH and four concentration levels for NaOH have been used. The initial fly ashes and the obtained zeolit...

A detailed study of the weathering products is an important step toward the comprehension of the complex processes opera ting in the environment of mine tailings. The identification of the carriers of the polluta nts is a prerequisite for the assessment of the contamination risk and a remediation or immobilization strategy. In this study, we describe sulfide oxidation processes and the resulting chemical composition of the weathering products within 2 tailing impoundme nts rich in Fe, Ca, Si, Ba and Al. Content of...

The present research is devoted to the analysis of the results obtained during the expeditions organized to study the conten t and distribution of heavy metals in atmospheric precipitation, river waters and so ils of the Northern Dv ina basin. At this paper the results of qua ntity calculations of heavy metals (Cd, Pb , Zn, Cr, Ni, Cu, Hg) which are arriving with atmospheric precip itation, surface run-off to the river and carrying out with river discharge to the White Sea are presented.

Anthropogenic activities produce a lot of chem ical, physical and bi ological pollutants, which penetrate by different ways into environment and influence the living organisms and ecosystems negatively. In present it does not exist universal method for environmental risk assessment. Most countries use various procedures in field of risk analysis oriented to the specific problem solutions close connected with the chosen factors, which have negative influences on the individual environmental parts. The paper deals w...

The ozone layer as a protective shield life on biosphere, have very oscillations from view point of quantity and volume. To be aware on vari ation of ozon e layer volume carries out via gauging of total ozone in gauge ozone station. In this research the climatic parameter effects have been investigated on total ozone variations in Isfahan gauge ozone station and shows that a part of ozone daily oscillations are associated with atmosphere circulation patterns in upper and middle levels. My review show that the valu...

This paper summarizes the results of laboratory experiments of the gasification process of waste polymers, with particular focus on monitoring the quantity and character of the resulting solid, liquid and gaseous products . Input materials such as tires, PC components, CDs, and tire mixtures with HDPE and PET were selected. The gaseous products were analyzed by gas chromatography, which were monitored following components: methane, ethylene, propa ne, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and hydrogen. From the analysed...

The main objective was to study the removal of lead cations from aqueous solutions by sorption onto bentonite and its modificati ons. Modification included natrification by NaCl and intercalation by octadecylamine (ODA) in two different weight ratios. The sorption isotherms were described using the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The adsorptive capacities of the or iginal bentonite increased af ter the intercalation of ODA. Adsorption of Pb ions, calculated by the La ngmuir model, yielded 97.15mg of Pb ions on 1g ...

The objective of the work was a laboratory examination of biodegradation of sewage sludge from the Central Wastewater Treatment Plant (ГљДЊ OV) in Ostrava, which had undergone physical pre-treatment by means of a spark discharge or UV radiation. The laboratory tests made use of a bacterial mixture of Rhodococcus sp. and Pseudomonas putida.

The soil represents a triphasial poly-disperse system that can provide thriving conditions for various groups of invertebrates: aquatic organisms (protozoa, certain nematodes, rotifers) evolving in soil’s pores water f ilm, aerobic organisms (microarthropods) living in well aerated interstitial spaces with water saturation and m acrofauna (insects, larvae and lumbricidae), all generating a strong impact upon soil’s phases. The last two categories develop the greatest impact, thus their evaluation becomes of gr...

The biggest polluters of water resources are industrial waste water produced after various production technological processes. Within the industrial complex RTB Bor, the waste water are generated during the copper production process with negative impact on the environment, reflected in long-term contamination of soil with which they come into contact and accumulation of heavy metal ions in it, in inflow into surface water and mixing with ground water and their pollution. Directly, the most vulnerable are the Bor R...

This paper aims at studying some complex coagulants derived from the medium anionic polymer and medium cationic surfactant in order to evaluate the opportunity to use them in destabilizing and removing th e colloidal systems from water and wastewater. In this respect, medium anionic copolymers of acrylamide and sodium acrylate with commercial Preastol 2540, and a medium cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine with commercial name of Tetranyl AT-7590 were used in order to obtain these complex coagulants. T...

The main aim of this work is to study the recovery of copper sulfate from mine waters at the Mining Company Bor. For the copper sulfate recovery was treated 91 m 3 Underground mine water, containing 0.3 g/l copper, 2.2 g/l iron at pH 3.2 and 37 m 3 Cerovo mine water, containing 0.5 g/l copper, 0.61 g/l iron at pH 4.5. The mine waters were mixed and prepared 128 m 3 mine solution (copper content 0.35 g/l, iron 1.74 g/l, pH 3.8), then are pre-treated chemically a nd physically for recovery pregnant solution. The fir...

Transport noise barriers are ecological struct ures that are designed and built along the roads (motorways, expressways and railways etc. ), in order to reduce the noise levels to the limit values for urban areas and in rooms of buildings. Assessment of the effectiveness of the barrier is carried out th eoretically, empirically or by a combination of both methods. To automate the design of th in noise barriers are created four modules from the series Screen *, which are part of the software package for acoustic ca...

Concrete and mortar made with Portland cement can be damaged when exposed to solutions containing sulphate. Waste water ofte n contains sulphuric bacteria, and so the piping is frequently damage due to sulphate attack. In case of concrete sewer pipes this phenomenon is caused mainly by the sulphur-o xidising and sulphate-reducing bacteria that are forming part of the biological circulation of sulphur and its compounds in biosphere. These bacteria take part in the dissimilatory part of this cycle and the bacterial ...

The crude-oil import and pipeline- related pumping activities date since 1967, when the ship Marianne III delivered th e first “black gold” shipping to Constanta harbor. Due to the petroleum products growth and the development of the petrochemical industry, it has been decided to import and transport crude oil through pipe lines. This paper presenting the Management of the environmental scheme in the Roumanian Oil Transporting Pipeline based to long experience (20 years to working in the environmental protecti...

Corporations regarded as socially responsible can benefit from a large satisfied clientage while the public image of social irresponsibility can end up with a boycott or any other hostile actions from costumers. Po sitive contributions to social development can be considered by companies as long term investments in the consolidation of a safer community life, better educated and mu ch more equitable which corporations can benefit from by unfolding their activities in a more dynamic, stable and resourceful environm...

There are many natural water springs in Tuva, that are used by native people for medicinal purposes. They are called arjaans. To people’s opinion, the treatment at the arjaans is very effective. It’s an old national tradition of tuvan peoples closely connected to the way of life. Every year more than 10.000 people are treated on the arjaans without medical control. The therapeutic methods used by the arjaans traditionally are drinking, having shower and bath.

Land application of swine manure can increase antibiotic concentra tions in agricultural soils. It is thus important to develop labor atory methods for antibiotics in manures and soils. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of volume of Na 2EDTA– McIlvaine’s buffer (c itric acid and Na 2HPO4) solution on recovery of oxytetracycline (OTC) and chlortetracycline (CTC) added to fresh swine manur e. Antibiotics were mixed with manure at a single rate of 20 mg /L. Six treatments (8, 16, 24, 32, 40 or...

Plant fibers from wood and agricultural crops like flax and hemp are renewable materials those have a potential for creati ng "green" products and replacing fossil hydrocarbon materials harmful for the environment. Industrial hemp (Cannabis Sativa) is an extraordinary non-toxic, non-narcotic plant and has been used for a wide variety of applications. Hemp contains cellulose fibers and a woody material called shives. In Europe, hemp shives and fibers are increasingly being used in a range of products like textiles,...

Purpose of the scientific research – Table of contents Research into the chemical parameters for the quality of vegetables. Qualitative and technological evaluation of plant raw materials (vegetables), improvement and optimization of technologi cal processes and systems for controlling the existing qualities to produce protected and high quality food items. In order to conduct an analysis of vegetables in the region of Mitrovica for Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd metal content, the ripe samples will be taken from at least t...

Building environmental assessment systems a nd methods has been introduced in many countries. Building Research Establishment’s Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM) designated as a first building environmental assessment method was developed in the United Kingdom in 1990. The Slovak building environmental assessment system (BEAS) has been processe d in the recent times . Systems and tools used in many countries were based on the new system development for applications under Slovak conditions. The fields and ...

The authors want to emphasize in this pape r the role of environmental resources in ecotourism. In previous international studies on the motivation of tourists it could be seen which the elements that in terest them are: namely to travel to wild places that provide visual and unique cultural experiences. These tourists are trained and want to know more about the elements sauce as flora and fauna, natural phenomena and unique cultural forms. Activities that they prefer are hiking observing lands capes, birds, etc. ...

Environmental issues at mining comp anies are so numerous, complex, and interconnected that an ad hoc approach to problem solving is no longer considered effective. The growing pressure from all st akeholders forces these companies to adopt environmental responsibility in all activities. There has a paradigm shift in the attitude of the companies as it switches over from “Passive environmental strategies“ to “Proactive environmental strategies”. In this paper, Integrated Eco Permissions (IEP), incorporated...

Environmental environment is defined as “a human notices significance of his/her relation with the environment in terms of hi s/her existence”. In the society, several professional groups are of extreme importance for increasing awareness of subjects and leading to behavior changes. Environmental behaviors of physicians having substantial effects on public health and education are impor tant for social awareness. This study is conducted in order to assess environmental behaviors of municipality employess and c...

Climate change is a serious threat to the e nvironment. The idea of climate envelope is stimulated by the quest for environmental su stainability. ETFE film is highly regarded as a sustainable material, wh ich together with the air makes the system ETFE pillows. Due to its characteristics, ETFE multilayer systems are suita ble for the construction of climatic envelope in certain areas, as well as highly effective modulators of the environment.

One of the major challenges of kindergartens building in Serbia is how to address the existing variations in the pattern of environmental quality across different facilities. This study examines and compares e nvironmental quality of existing buildings in the service phase. The study explains and confirms that quality of kindergarten implies something about the environmental surroundings, the ecological material and the energy efficiency, both of which promote the health, comfort, aesthetic and emotional wellbeing...

The cement as a building material significan tly affects the environment throughout the whole life cycle. The environmental assessm ent of products should be a factor of importance in term of protection of the e nvironment and human safety. Environmental assessment of type I which determines the criteria for materials and products is the most used evaluation process in Slovak Republic. Cements environmental criteri a within the Slovak eco-lab elling process include the energy consumption limitation for production ...

Color materials are always one of the added particles which are used in textile, Food, drug industries. This is why a part of the wa ste of these industries are infected by these chemicals. Thus, one of major problems for most waste industrial products as well as cities is to remove these color materials having Di Azo in their structure and solvability their cancellation is problematic. This study ha s been done to investigate the efficiency of EC in aqua and determination of operativ e condition and the effect of...

The purpose of this project course is a comprehensive environmental treatment of the Sharr Mountain area. In this context, has beco me a description of the extent of the area, geographic position, morphology of the terrain , hydro graphic and climate, geological- tectonic construction, biodiversity, natural heritage and genetic zone Mountains National Park-Sharr. Sharr Mountains occupy an area of 580 km 2, and have split into three sub-districts: Lumbardhi of Prizren, it Ko rishe-Mushtisht and Lepenci. The criteri...

This paper is focused on geochemical and mineralogical characterization of material from tailing impoundment in Slovinky (eastern Slovakia). This work should contribute to the implementation of European Parliament and European Commission directive 2006/21/ES on the management of waste from extractive industries. Samples were obtained by sampling of two drilling holes with depth 20 m, which were situated in the body of tailing impoundment. Determination of pH, Eh, conductivity, modification of 3- step sequence anal...

The geotechnogenic system «a cavity of underground nuclear explosion –geological environment – surface ecosystems» is considered, for the object of peaceful underground nuclear explosion (PUNE) "Cryst al" (Russia, Yakutia) as an example. New data on the radioactive pollution of surface and underground waters were obtained. Geophysical transient electromagnetic sounding, in other words - time-domain electromagnetic sounding method (TDEM) al ong two profiles above the epicentre of PUNE was applied. The reveale...

The nature conservation is an essential part of the human efforts for preservation of the natural landscape for the future generations. Both the living and the non-living parts of our environment are the subjects of bioconservation and geoconservation. Geoconservation aims to preserve the natural diversity of the non-living environment including bedrock features, landforms and soil features and processes. In the last two decades Bulgarian geologists have made effort s to recognize its geological heritage. In 2003 ...

The paper describes results from 18 months data collection and analogue modeling of “rain water – calcrete” interaction. The expe riment is based on leaching by natural rain and snow-melting water of material from diff erent soil and undersoil layers, containing various amounts of carbonates. It confirme d that rain and snow-melting water, circulating through the soil, undersoil and the underlying rocks, dissolves calcium rich minerals. Under dry weather and relativel y high temperature the hydrogen carbonat...

Cyanides/cyanates of sodium or pota ssium not only during centuries but over millenniums were used in methods for extraction the gold from ores, and further in refining of obtained golden m ud. In those processes the cy anides/cyanates still are not changeable. According to the huge amount of tr eated ore, it is expected that the amount of waste treated materials also be huge. We lding and brazing of golden parts frequently are obvious in usage for the purposes of gold jewel making. Therefore, it becomes reasonabl...

Eutrophication is a persistent damage of surface waters and a widespread environmental problem. It is typically caused by leac hed phosphorus or nitrogen containing compounds into lakes, rivers or other semi-enclosed waters (even slow-moving rivers). The addition of these nutri ents disrupts the ecosystem , leading to new species introduction, decreased biodiversity, and toxicity. The paper deals with an assessment of the surface water quality in the watercourse TopДѕa and the small water basin Hr ДЌeДѕ (Slovak Re...

Appropriate selection of technological pro cess, as well as technology for processing row materials at quarries, creation of dust emission into the air and its further dispersion would be reduced to the minimal possible measure. This paper represents results of measurement of sedimentary and floating dust, as well as measurement of noise that are products of exploitation of limestone and spilite at SM „Kota“ near Vareš. Measurement confirmed that during limestone processi ng at mentioned location, pollution o...

The greatest quantities of waste represent on e of the most acute problems faced by big cities. The huge amounts of household produced by the population, office and small enterprises which provide various services to the population need to be processed in special plants. After this kind of processed it intend to obtained raw materials for manufactured industries and the organic waste will be transformed in compost for agriculture or in methane gas if we have an specifically installation. Such material will be proc...

The authors aim to highlight the organization's primary objective that is to satisfy of the customers' explicit and implicit requirements, also the health and safety of the personnel and environmental protection. The materi alization of this policy is achieved by designing, implementing and maintaining an integr ated management system on quality, environment, safety and health. Thus S.C. Salubrizarea S.A. Galati, Romania, allocates for this purpose financial resources, documentation and trained personnel with resp...

The present study is oriented to the interdisciplinary approach of Stemmacantha serratuloides (Georgi) M. D ittrich alias Rhapontic um serratuloides (Georgi) Bobr., a rare plant for Romanian flora. The aim is to combine systematic botanics, chemistry analyses and Geographic Information Sy stems in order to assess the present conservation state and enhance better management measures in the county of Ia Еџi. The EUNIS database describes the taxon as Leu zea altaica (Spreng.) vegetating in Sarmatic saline meadows [1]

Kosova has a significant resources of coal-lig nite, that is the mo st important energy resource, which supplies about 98% of total electricity production. During the process of electricity generati on amount existing plants release enormous quantity of ash, CO 2, NOx and SO 2.These discounts have impact in the air and water, and as well affecting the health of the population. The number of residents in the Obiliq Municipality and suburb is increasing with cancer an disease respiratory and ch ronic diseases. This ...

The health risks for people in residential zones most often result from the dangerous chemicals but also physical risks. Realization of living and working environment protection system which w ould provide harmony between humans, their activities and nature, required an integral approach. The presence of toxins in drinking water and food are significant factors ac ting on human health. The food additives become and increasing hazard and instrument for permanent disruption of human health. The occurrence of lead in...

This paper describes a mathematical mo del developed to optimize the charge composition for waste gasification process on the basis of series experiments on the laboratory thermal unit and in particular with regard to the quality of produced synthesis gas. Randomly generated batch does not guarantee the continuity of the process parameters, such as heating value of synthesis gas or its yield. The proposed mathematical model assesses the possible combin ations of types of waste materials that are available, based o...

Soil erosion associated with non-point source pollution is viewed as a process of land degradation in many terrestrial environments. The question of nutrient loading of rivers and reservoirs, as it relates to sediment in general and farmland erosion in particular, is still a potentially important issue. This paper presents the suggestion of model for predicting the total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents in reservoir bottom sediments. The model is based on the soil loss calculation using the Univer sal S...

The increasing environmental impact from the construction becomes a serious problem that can cause significant damage, not only to ecosystems but also to the health and wellbeing of field workers and nearby resident s of construction sites. Therefore, is necessary to approach and continuous effort within the industry in order to achieve the objectives sustainable constr uction and reducing of the environmental impacts of construction. A recent study shows that construction is the third largest industry sector in t...

This paper provides an analysis of the info rmation registered in the Seveso Plants Information Retrieval System (SPIRS) about Seveso establishments in Europe and which are collected from the 27 European Union Member States (MS) and three EEA/EFTA countries in accordance with the Seveso II Directive. As of September 2010, 9937 Seveso establishments are recorded in SPIRS. Four MS account for more than half (54%) of th ese establishments. This work also highlights the possibility of integrating information contained...

During 2008/10 we have investigated the cowslip (Primula veris L.) populations in different habitats across Kosovo in order to find morphological differences and genetic resources. We have found that this species in Kosovo is distributed in different altitudes, from 700 m (Mramor) up to 2000 m (Albanian Alps). We have observed more than 16 8 localities, in which cowslip was present. Largest populations were found in Albanian Alps, in Sharri Mountains and in the Shala region (Northern Kosovo). For investigated para...

During the research of flora and vegetation of Sharri Mountains we have found five new taxons for Kosovo’s flora. As part of the Sharri Mountains we have also researched Mushtisht Mountain which occupied the northeas tern part of the Sharri Mountains and range in altitude 480 - 2092 m (Maja Pashallare). These terrains are rich with rare endemic and relict species to the Balkans and that species have been preserved very well especially at the valley of the Rusenica. During research the Mushtisht Mountain flora’...

The noise propagation an alysis is critical in noise lo aded areas for a remedy search. Very useful tool for these analyses is mathematical modeling. Any modeling of a real world scenario has to consider a number of input data, noise sources, the landscape over which the noise is propagating and the location of the receivers. All these input data has a spatial character and that’s why it was decided to perform the noise propagation modeling in the GIS environment. A noise pollution modeling takes the geometry fr...

Dyeing of polyester fabric is carryng out in slightly acidic me dium; the dyebath pH value is adjusted to 4.5 – 5.5, which resu lts in the huge amount of acidic industrial wastewater. In this paper, dyeing of polyest er knitwear with four disperse dyes in the pH range 4.5 – 7, in order to reduce the amount of acid used in the dyeing process, was investigated. Colour differences between the samples dyed at pH 6.0 and 7.0 and one dyed at pH 4.5 were asseessed using the technique of reflectiometry and expressed i...