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Optimization plays a key role in various fields of science specially engineering to simplify the decision making process. Long-term production scheduling (LTPS) of open pit mines is a large-scale optimization problem to determine the block extraction sequence to maximize the net present value considering technical, economic constraints. For many optimization problems, finding the best solution is intricate and time-consuming. In such cases, a combination of mathematical methods and meta-heuristic techniques provid...

Long-term production scheduling (LTPS) is an important and vital part of the planning process of open pit mines. It defines an extraction sequence of the mineralized material that produces maximum possible net present value (NPV) while satisfying a physical and operational constraints. LTPS of open pit mines is a large scale and intricate optimization problem that has been widely discussed in the technical literature since 1960s. Production scheduling problems are NP-hard and there is a need to improve the plannin...