Browse

The basic requirement placed on any machine system, technology and machine as a whole must be clearly based on the assurance of safe operation and operational reliability, and this is where maintenance is the systematic tool to achieve them. Technical diagnostics is a part of every maintenance and thus becomes one of the decisive maintenance tools in its comprehensive concept. Much attention is now being paid to lignite mining in the Czech Republic, especially when we are talking about the extraction of coal for i...

Considering that the underground mining of coal is used mining systems that have a high degree of complexity, and can reach cumulative lengths of tens of kilometers, associated with them we have the ventilation networks with the role of transporting important air flows with the help of special ventilation systems. The aeration networks are made up of all the mining works on which air flows are carried. Structurally, they comprise nodes and branches. The nodes of an aeration network are generated by the intersectio...

Anthropic activities involve the extraction of the transformation and use of natural resources. During the process of extraction at the surface or underground of useful minerals, particles or gases resulting from the natural rocking or release from the rock mass appear in the working environment. The process of transforming useful mineral substances is carried out on the surface in enclosed enclosures, involving the use of complex technological processes. During the course of these technological processes, explosi...

This paper describes the tools developed for modelling mine-ventilation networks and postprocessing simulation results using the Aeroset software, with a specific focus on solution visualization tools. These tools are aimed at simplifying the analysis of simulation data of large ventilation networks ? the visual representation and graphical analysis of models of such ventilation networks, with many (more than 1000) branches, becomes difficult without the use of specific tools. The following special tools are sugge...

Numerous geological observations indicate that alluvial deposits (gold, tin, diamonds, polymetalles, etc.) have a cluster structure, both in general and in local areas. Up to 80 ? 90 % of the reserves of useful components can be contained in 10 ? 25 % of the volume of traditionally recovered sands. The purpose of the study is to assess the extent and nature of the clustering of reserves in dredged gold deposits. Main methods of researches: analysis and generalization of information of the features on the structure...

Stress agents are only potentially stressful, generating psychological stress only under certain conditions, even if some of them are able of generating stress reactions in most individuals. Therefore, effects of stressors depend not only on their own characteristics but also on attributes of the subject receiving their action such as quality and breadth of emotional responses, adaptive strategies available and mobilized in the created interaction etc. Specific responses to a situation that potentially endangers l...

This paper responds to published scientific papers which compile econometric models of extraction of selected mineral resources. Mining prediction models can be new tools to increase the competitiveness of mining enterprises. Comparing the results of mining prediction and real data is important for further research on the issue. Specification of the results will lead to better managerial decisions in strategic and operational management. The results of the paper can lead to the clarification of the so-called rando...

The main aim of this paper is the description of experimental operation of new bucket in real conditions of the open pit mine and the evaluation of surface temperature increasing in the case of new bucket application. The experiment was realised in two excavators KU 300 operated in the same mining conditions. The target of this experiment is the bucket surface temperature increasing evaluation and the verification of new bucket tooth geometry with tooth ESCO U35T possibilities in comparison with original variety. ...

The analysis of development systems used in mining in coal pits of the permafrost zone is carried out. The intensive development of deposits over the past decades has led to large-scale landscape disturbances, the reasons for which are a significant increase in the scale of open pit mining, surface disruption by mining, dumps, technological sites, hydraulic structures, as well as environmental pollution for a long period. Attempts to reduce landscape disturbances using land-saving technologies, systematizing trans...

The activity of evaluation and verification of industrial ventilation installations has a strong preventive role in terms of explosion risk mainly due to the fact that of the three determining elements that can lead to an explosion phenomenon, ventilation installations can determine the presence of two elements namely the presence of fuel (gases, vapors, dusts, mists) and the source of initiation (hot surface, flame, sparks of mechanical origin, electrical sparks, static electricity, etc.). The development of expe...

In the case of process of mining of mineral resources as disintegration of variety of materials is always crucial to choose optimal technology to prevent wastes in energy, human resources and also financial resources. It is also essential to avoid negative impacts on the nature and prevent serious damages in environment in general. This article is focusing mainly on the various ways of mechanical disintegration of materials without usage of blasting in the mining condition (surface mines, coal mines, tunnel boring...

Classic belt conveyors are designed primarily for continuous, straight transport of almost all bulk materials on short, medium and long lines. They are characterized by high transport performance. Their disadvantage is that the material can be transported in ascending order with a maximum ascent of + 18 ° and drop-down to -12 °. Another disadvantage is the need for overflows in the event of a change in the direction of material transport and pollution of the living and working environment due to the trough shape o...

Discontinuity of rocks under uniaxial compression may be accompanied by a cleavage of one part relative to the other. Such a phenomenon is also observed in laboratory testing experiments. The cleavage area is geometrically an uneven rough surface. In modern practice, the level of roughness is usually characterized using the Barton-Choubey scale, where the visual profile of the discontinuity is correlated to the corresponding value of the joint roughness coefficient (JRC), varying in the range from 0 to 20. But in ...

This research describes such a problem as increasing the productivity of wells and the oil recovery coefficient by conducting various geological and technical measures, which based on correlation, regression, and statistical analyzes. These methods allow to analyse a possible interconnection of two or more numbers of indicators, also identifying the problematic well stock, and selecting a set of measures aimed at improving the efficiency of field development, including various geological and technical measures. Ex...

The present article deals with the issues regarding the impact process at the impact of the material onto an enclosed conveyor belt supported by an impact bed consisting of impact rods at the feeding site. The theory of the impact process is based on the following preconditions: the whole impact process and the related processes are only performed at the impact site; the rock block is of relatively small dimensions compared to the conveyor dimensions; the impact bed is absolutely rigid; the conveyor belt is absolu...

The scope of this research is to present and discuss information for ?Ada Tepe? open pit gold mine geological section within ?Khan Krum? gold mine deposit in South-Eastern Bulgaria. The mine is located near to Krumovgrad, approximately three kilometers south of the town, at Ada Tepe hill. The deposit is designed to extract 850,000 tons of gold ore per year over an eight-year period. Conventional open pit mining methods are planned to use for gold mining. The gold ore is currently processed in dressing plant, invol...

The issues of the spatial distribution of complex occurrence of surficial type uranium and strontium mineralization are presented. In this study, we show the preliminary results of complex processing of remote sensing and ground data, including detailed geological mapping, geochemical and mineralogical assays, geophysics made by analysis in GIS. We found a significant variation in commodities co-distribution, which impacts the resource classification. The investigated area is located in arid conditions of south-we...

Background: the exposure to high levels of vibrations could induce health problems resulting in the damage of joints, muscles, other than pathologies connected to the circulation and the sensory nerves. These phenomena are often related to the use of machines that require high efforts, repetitive movements, or not ergonomic postures. Methods: 13 Radial Arm Polisher Machines (RAPM) of different manufacturers and different ages were investigated in order to analyze the vibrations produced during a whole process of m...

Occupational diseases linked to noise risk are still one of the most important employment problems, particularly in the quarry activities. Many negative effects on human health can arise after long exposure to noise in an occupational context. To protect workers' health and prevent hearing problems, employers must provide to workers with hearing protection equipment. In recent years, however, there have been many problems with the use of hearing protection devices. These have a highly mitigating effect but can iso...

The need to take into account the temperature regime as one of the main factors determining the stability of natural and artificial slopes in the permafrost zone is caused by the dependence of the strength properties of rocks on their temperature. In the frozen state, almost all rocks have a high bearing capacity, providing the ability to select effective open-cast mining parameters based on technological requirements. Mining operations violate the thermal regime of rocks in the instrument part of the quarries. As...

Explosions caused by accidents or deliberate actions can seriously damage the structural/non-structural elements of a building and endanger the life of occupants. If the explosion occurs at a short distance, structural elements in close proximity may be seriously damaged or even completely removed. Under certain conditions, these local damages spread into the structure and can generate generalized collapse (also called progressive collapse). Progressive collapse, which in many cases causes more victims than the ov...

Ensuring the stability of underground construction remains a challenge in terms of coal mining. The implementation of effective coal mining technology facilitates high rates of operations and simultaneous exposure of large-scale rocks. This problem is relevant both for Ukraine, where underground coal mining is the main one and for Kazakhstan, where the transition to combined open-underground mining is also underway. Supporting the mined-out space under complicated geological conditions requires an in-depth analysi...

The purpose of this paper is to determine the rate of methane (explosive gas ) and of carbon dioxide (axphysants gas ) in the mine workings of Praid salt mine. Currently in Romania there are six salt mines which exploit the salt through underground mine workings: Praid salt mine, Tg. Ocna salt mine, Slanic Prahova salt mine, Ocnele Mari salt mine, Cacica salt mine, and Dej salt mine. Of these six, in three salt mines occurred gas and salt eruptions: Praid salt mine, Slanic Prahova salt mine and Tg. Ocna salt mine....

The decisive factor in the process of technical inspection of the gas bottles is determined by the correct choice of the method of carrying out the inspections in order to observe with the greatest attention the possible imperfections due to the wear, which have occurred after prolonged use. Emphasis is placed on the safety conditions of the gas bottles, which contain mandatory minimum technical provisions regarding the periodic verification of the cylinders for liquefied gases or compressed under pressure. The ga...

The article describes the underground mining of compact ore bodies by inclined layer panels. (each sequentially developed bottom-up by means of inclined blind drifts). Compact ore bodies are opened by an inclined shaft equipped with a special hydraulic pipelines for delivery of fine-grained rock mass to the surface. In this case, the inclined shaft path, depending on the shape of the ore body, can pass from below the ore body, above it, or diagonally near its lateral surface. Directly from the side wall of the tru...

Today, there are high demands for ecological solutions to the problems associated with all human activities, and therefore there is great pressure on surface mines to contribute to the reduction of dust and noise in the extraction of raw materials. Under this pressure, the mining company is trying to find a solution that would benefit all parties - ecologically and economically. The noise level of belt traffic in surface quarries, especially at night, exceeds 60 dB, which significantly disrupts the surrounding pop...

Controlled air recirculation is widely used in mines for minimizing the energy consumption of fans, winter air heating costs, as well as dedusting and dehumidification of mine air. In most cases today, controlled air recirculation is used for potash mines. However, it can be applied to metal and non-metal mines if its safety and energy-efficiency are substantiated. For potash mines, a scientific substantiation for the applicability of the recirculation is also required in specific cases. The paper presents the stu...

The expense of restoring of excavators cutting bodies is increasing these days in the Most Basin area, primarily the replacement of tooth because of abrasion expense. The main reason is the complicated geological situation of overburden rocks, first of all the occurrence of sands and hard structures in the overburden cuts rocks in the deep horizons of open pit mines. The main target of this article is the brief description of realised research. It is design of the optimum methodology of bucket tooth cutting body h...

In Romania, the production of coal and lignite depends on the national demand for primary energy resources in the electricity production sector and on the available resources / reserves. Although it still plays an important role in the mix of electricity production and the safety of the National Energy System, especially in the winter, coal-fired electricity production is decreasing even this season. The considerations for which this situation was reached are: the programs for extractive industry reorganization an...

Cases of breakthrough on conveyors belt occur very often during the transport of heavy material in surface mines. The annual cost of their repairs in the Czech Republic is around two million euros. Therefore, we expected a constructional solution for impact points, which would reduce the dynamics of impacts and thus prevent to destroy the conveyors. In addition to reducing the number of punctures on conveyor belts, there has also been a significant reduction in dust in the area of transfer points. This article the...

The paper deals with the regrading and monitoring of the Brananska dump. It is located near the village of Branany on the Bilina open-cast mine, which is one of the mining sites of the company Severoceske doly a.s. The mining site reaches a depth of over 200 m, making it the deepest open-pit mine in the Most Basin. The coal seam thickness is from 25 m to 35 m. The first chapter is devoted to geotechnical description of the area of interest. Due to the fact that it is an anthropogenic dump, it is necessary in this ...

Regression analysis is widely used in situations where it is necessary to determine the dependence of a certain quantitative (continuous) variable on one or more other quantitative (continuous) variables, so-called regressors. It is necessary to determine in advance which variable is independent (explanatory) and which is dependent (explained). The aim of the regression analysis is to describe this dependence using a suitable mathematical-statistical model. The presented paper aims to find the possibilities of usi...

The Brown Coal Research Institute started the solving of the research project based on the optimisation of the shape and material of ground and mining machines in 2018. This research is necessary for increasing of efficiency of mining process in conditions of the Most Basin. The very important part of the research was the geological characteristic of the Most Basin main mining localities. Evaluation of the geological situation of the Bilina, Vrsany and Libous mines (mining of the overburden rocks in the CSA mine f...

Currently, the mining company Severoceske doly a.s. is preparing a plan for advance of the Bilina open-pit site within the borders of the newly established territorial limits of environmental impact, which are established by resolution of the Government of the Czech Republic No. 827/2015 Coll. To create permanently stable pit slopes and safe mining activity, exploitation will extend to the southern outcrop of the coal seam and overburden benches will move further westward. In the next process of the open-pit mine,...

The studies were performed using risk management tools during the operation of combined types of transport in open pit mining [1-5]. The goal is timely and efficient risks management during the rock mass transportation. The risks in study were identified while using combined types of transport at the open pit mining facilities [6]. Qualitative and quantitative risk analyses were carried out for their further effective management and monitoring. Information on the identification, classification, qualitative and qua...

A ventilation system is defined by performing air exchanges between the indoor and outdoor environment with the purpose of creating environmental conditions as close to the required thermal comfort conditions. Before installing a fan, it is necessary to analyze the space in which it is to be used and the method of compensating the exhaust air (mechanically with another fan or naturally with dimensioned grids). The most important factors to consider when choosing a fan are: the volume of the space, the number of sh...

The laboratory study was conducted to investigate the effect of the angle of stratification on the strength properties of samples of anisotropic shale and siltstone containing sandstone interlayers under shear loading with coupled compression in this paper. The samples of shale and siltstone were tested at various combinations of the orientation of bedding angles ? relative to the sample axis and the orientation of angles of shear plane ? relative to orientation of the stratification of samples. The experimental c...

Conveyor belts are used for a long period of time in the industry branches where potentially explosive atmospheres could occur. The use of conveyor belts in industrial spaces with danger of explosive atmospheres, implies fulfilling by these of certain safety requirements, in order to prevent the ignition sources of explosive atmospheres. The need to provide the highest level of protection in the industrial spaces with danger of explosive atmospheres led, on the one hand, to the use of conveyor belts with adequate ...

The article focuses on studying new Baltic amber processing technologies. This topic is relevant primarily for regions where amber is being mined commercially, including for the Kaliningrad region of Russia, where the largest industrial amber deposit in the world is located, developed by one enterprise ? the Kaliningrad Amber Factory. Having a specific production structure with a large share of amber for pressing and amber for chemical processing against the background of increasing amber production, the Kaliningr...

The dynamic impact loading has significant influence on the conveyor belts operation time. This paper focuses on the tensile properties of fabric conveyor belts subjected to the impact loading induced by dropping a hammer. The induced damage of the conveyor belt was inspected after the drop. The impact of the hammer simulated the belt stress at the chutes where the transported material falls onto the belt. The falling material usually damages the belt on its surface, i.e. the rubber cover layer that protects the b...

?Pyrotechnic article? are products that contain explosive substances or an explosive mixture of substances designed to produce heat, sound, light, gas or smoke or a combination of such effects. Depending on the purpose for which they were made, pyrotechnic articles are used for entertainment purposes (fireworks), for the stage including film or television productions as well as for technical purposes. Due to the constituent substances, the pyrotechnic articles have a low or high risk level depending on the type an...

BelAZ-7540 quarry dump trucks are widely used in the development of placer deposits in the Arctic zone of Russia. The efficiency of the mining enterprise depends by their reliability. As practice shows, the operation of mining machines in the Arctic North has specific features, which are a large distance from industrial and energy centers, the lack of year-round road connections, low climatic temperatures and seasonal character of mining. The operational reliability of BelAZ-7540 quarry trucks is not sufficiently ...

The gradual deepening of deposits development and long-term exploitation of open geotechnology elements, buildings and the industrial site facilities (control objects) of large mining enterprises result in paying considerable attention to the creation of integrated monitoring systems to control their stability (hereinafter referred to as the System). The article presents the basic principles of organizing the System using the example of Kovdorsky GOK JSC. The formation of the Zhelezny main open pit to a depth of 8...

Information modeling of structures with ?Building Information Modelling? name and abbreviation ? BIM technology, which originally appeared in construction industry, is currently spreading to other areas, where documentation of objects requires their information support. An example is the historic buildings of European countries, which were built in the distant past and today do not meet modern standards, but require maintenance, restoration, operation. This led to the creation of the historical or Heritage BIM (HB...

The paper presents the results of geomechanical research of the state of mine workings located in the bearing pressure zone at a rockburst hazardous deposit. The aim of the research is substantiation of the measures to protect the mine workings from the impact of high tectonic stresses. The stress-strain state calculations were carried out by the finite element method in volumetric setting. Numerical models have been developed on the basis of in-situ measurements data of stress field parameters. The stress-relief ...

The paper presents the synthesis of the results of the research obtained in the development of the infrastructure for evaluating the safety of explosives for civil use in terms of friction sensitivity, using a modern BAM Friction Apparatus test equipment, FSKM-10 characterized by a high degree of technology, in order to determine the friction sensitivity of civil use explosives (assuring loads from 0.1 N to 360 N), being of the last generation and capable of meeting, at the highest level and in terms of economic e...

Regulatory documents of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of substantiating the stability of slopes of pit edges are currently at variance with world practice in the design and operation of open-pit deposits. Modern design methods involve the creation of a three-dimensional complex geomechanical model of the field. Such a model contains information on the geological and structural composition that describes the disturbance of the solid mass by folds, tectonic faults, and jointing. It is important to accurate...

Both surface but especially underground rescue activities in industrial environments presenting risk of explosive / flammable or toxic gases, are difficult because of major risk of fires or explosions in a very short time. Dense smoke can make rescue work even more difficult and time becomes an extremely important factor, especially when workers are caught in the affected area and it is assumed that they could be alive. The technological development of last years has allowed the miniaturization of equipment and oc...

This article deals with the forming of sheet metal on a bending machine. The bending of sheet metal cut shapes or clippings is a very common operation in many companies. Oftentimes, many of these companies deal with the issue of how to bend the sheet metal to the required precision, especially while complying with the required bending angle. The sheet metal is bent correctly while it is in between the tools of the machine. However, stress develops in the material during bending and this stress remains in the mater...

The greatest destruction of the soil cover and natural landscapes occurs during the development of the field by open pit mining. As a result of the development of the field, a complete change in the relief occurs, disruption of water and air balances, which leads to disruption of the ecosystem as a whole. To stabilize the state of the environment, it is necessary to implement a set of environmental, economic and social measures to restore environmental components. In this case, it is necessary to take into account...