Browse

Starting in 1992, the Romanian mining industry underwent a restructuring process, which involved the closure of a significant number of mining perimeters. Without conducting a critical analysis of the causes that led to this extensive action and its resulting effects, it can be considered that some mining units, whose minimum geological reserves ensure exploitation for at least 10 years, could have real prospects for promoting solutions that guarantee economic efficiency, at least at the national level. In support...

The problem of industrial ventilation has arisen as a result of the serious pollution problems that arise both in the industrial and industrial environments. Before addressing an industrial ventilation study, the question should be raised whether there is no simpler means of reducing or eliminating the causes of pollution or of reducing pollution by modifying the production process or the design and construction of the actual ventilation system . The commissioning of an industrial ventilation system occurs wheneve...

The present study investigates the impact sensitivity of high explosives used for civilian applications, with the primary objective of assessing key safety parameters in accordance with the requirements of Directive 2014/28/EU and the harmonized European Standard SR EN 13631-4:2005. Using a RENAR-accredited methodology (Procedure PI-84), the sensitivity to mechanical shock was determined through a series of standardized drop-weight tests performed with the Soneta BFH 12A impact testing apparatus. The explosive mat...

Explosives are used in a wide range of industrial, military and civil applications, and their behavior under extreme temperature conditions is a key aspect for safety and reliability. The present study analyzes the influence of extreme temperatures on the stability and reactivity of explosive materials, highlighting the critical factors that can lead to degradation, changes in sensitivity or accidental triggering. In the research, experimental methods and numerical modeling were used to evaluate the thermal behavi...

This study presents the controlled blasting method used to excavate the buffer zone between a new connection tunnel and an active sewage tunnel operating at full capacity at the Tuzla Advanced Biological Wastewater Treatment Plant in Istanbul, owned by ISKI. Treating up to 650,000 m- of wastewater daily for a population of 2.6 million, the plant required new treatment units to be connected to the existing system due to increased capacity needs. Since the existing 2,200 mm-diameter sewage tunnel, built in 1998, cou...

In line with global trends and concerns regarding pollution and climate change, the transition towards non-polluting energy sources is on the rise, favoring clean/renewable energy while reducing reliance on fossil fuels, particularly coal. This shift is essential for lowering carbon emissions and mitigating climate change. Governmental efforts, through policies and regulations (such as carbon taxes and subsidies for renewables), focus on decarbonizing the energy economy. Meanwhile, companies are investing in renew...

This study presents a comparative analysis of the performance of three gas measurement devices used to detect toxic gases generated by the detonation of ANFO explosive. The study was conducted following the operational procedure PI-102, which complies with the requirements of the SR EN 13631-16:2005 standard for detecting and measuring toxic gases produced by explosions. The aim was to evaluate the accuracy, reliability, and consistency of the devices in monitoring key toxic gases released during detonation. The e...

The aim of this paper is to present a multi-criteria analysis of three software tools for simulation and design of conveyor systems: ExtendSim, Sidewinder Conveyor Design and Tecnomatix Plant Simulation. The evaluation is based on five key criteria: hardware requirements, visualization and 3D animation, functional breadth, user-friendliness, and level of proficiency. The decision-making process identified Tecnomatix Plant Simulation as the most suitable tool, achieving the highest score of 51.91%. A dynamic simula...

The article examines the issues of effectiveness improving of use of geopotential of solid mineral deposits based on increasing knowledge about geological resources. The authors reveal the theoretical basis of the category -geopotential-. Special attention is paid to the features of cluster structure of deposits, where in the contours of the mining there are up to fifty and more percent of empty rocks and substandard reserves. The article proposes to keep account of natural patterns of mineral matter distribution,...

Ensuring safety from the point of view of the air is determined by the importance of re-ducing the risks of untimely appearance of toxic and explosive gases in the underground workings of the salt mine, while maintaining safety and security sanity at work by monitoring and foreseeing possible failures and voluntary conscious actions under-ground. Still keeping in mind the context of the society from the socio-political-economic point of view and for the development of knowledge in the problem studied the following...

This article is based on an analysis of how sustainability and environmental protection are communicated in the form of product symbols. The aim is to explore Polish consumers' awareness and preferences regarding environmental labelling on products and, in a broader context, society's approach to protecting the environment by choosing products created in a sustainable way. Through empirical research, including a self-completed online questionnaire and secondary data sources, the study addresses the key research ob...

The working environment specific to underground activity under normal operating conditions refers to the type and concentration of gases specific to the underground atmosphere (O2, CO2, CH4, CO, N2, CnHn), the humidity present in the underground atmosphere, the type and concentration of suspended dust, barometric pressure, air temperature, air speed, flow rates, etc. In order to know the normal environmental conditions specific to an underground workplace, specialized measurements and laboratory determinations are...

The paper explores the utilization of modern measurement technologies, particularly drones and GPS systems, in the process of mineral resource exploitation. These technologies have revolutionized the way topographic surveys are conducted, providing efficient and precise solutions for land mapping and mineral deposit evaluation. Drones, equipped with RTK (Real-Time Kinematic) modules, enable rapid collection of geospatial data, facilitating the acquisition of high-resolution aerial images and digital terrain models...

The role of a ventilation system is to establish or maintain conditions of temperature, humidity, dust content and gaseous products compatible with a certain degree of comfort [2], in the presence of various external inputs, respecting the noise level and air speed compatible with this comfort. In order to obtain prescribed (previously fixed) temperature, pressure and humidity conditions in ventilated premises, the air must first be subjected to a complex treatment process, a process that may include heating, cool...

To investigate the reactivity of various mineral groups with oxalic acid, a series of long-term beaker experiments were conducted using a saturated solution of oxalic acid dihydrate (~50 g/100 mL) in distilled water, heated to >100 -C to enhance dissolution efficiency. The selected samples represented a broad range of mineralogical classes: brochantite (hydroxy-sulfate), malachite (carbonate hydroxide), pyrite (sulfide), chrysotile (silicate), and a Fe- and Cu-rich metallurgical slag containing complex, heterogene...

With three units of laboratory equipment (jaw and roller crushers, as well as rotary ore divider) operating simultaneously, numerical modeling research was performed to examine the effect of dust emission area on air pollution in a laboratory crushing room. The modeling was performed in a three-dimensional setting using the COMSOL program. The room ventilation process was modelled based on a previously developed two-stage methodological approach: calculation of aerodynamic parameters in the incompressible fluid ap...

The recycling of old extractive dumps as filler and aggregate in civil and road construction is considered a conventional recycling method. In contrast, the use of extractive waste as an admixture in cement or as a precursor additive in clinker manufacturing represents an upcycling approach. Regulation (EU) 2024/1252 has shifted the paradigm of waste upcycling by highlighting the dissipative loss of critical raw materials contained not only in extractive waste but also in other waste types when recycled without aw...

Propellant powders represent a very important category of explosive substances that enter into the composition of ammunition, with military and civil purpose, in general in all systems where it is necessary to perform a progressive mechanical work. Propellant powders are widely spread in the military field and deflagration is the main form of explosive transformation. Propellant powders, also called colloidal powders, are homogeneous mixtures containing one or more energy-providing substances. Due to their imprope...

The mining industry is facing increasing pressure to enhance efficiency, reduce operational costs, and adapt to modern technological trends. One of the key challenges is the effective management of logistics, particularly the transportation of raw materials within mining operations. This paper addresses the application of simulation software as a strategic tool for solving logistics problems in the mining sector. Using event-based simulation, the research analyzes transport processes in the Hradova quarry in Kosic...

This paper starts from an economic reality regarding the transportation situation and aims to introduce a scientific approach in a field that, in our country, has received more interest from a legislative perspective than a technical one. Transportation, in its broadest sense, has developed alongside human civilization and has incorporated throughout history all elements of its technical and scientific progress. However, in addition to the major benefits that have established transportation as a standalone and hig...

This paper begins with an analysis of the constructive-functional characteristics of hazardous goods transport systems, as required by legislation [3]. It is observed that safety elements primarily concern the materials from which parts or subassemblies in direct contact with or in close proximity to the hazardous substances being transported are made, as well as the general measures applicable to the vehicle-s electrical system, which aim to prevent overheating or to shield and prevent the transmission of heat to...

The intensification of mining requires the increasingly widespread use of a high-performance transport system, i.e. the conveyor transport. At the same time, the requirements for its basic traction and load-bearing element, namely the conveyor belt, which is used in the extraction of mineral raw materials by applying both underground and surface methods, are rising. Increasing the productivity of those transport systems and longer transport distances lead to an increase in the load to which conveyor belts are expo...