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The status, abundance and diversity of soil microbial communities are one of the main basic indicators for the assessment and monitoring of forest ecosystems. In the context of the important role that microorganisms play in forest ecosystems, it is crucial to study and monitor their abundance in soil habitats. In order to supplement the knowledge about the soil microbial communities in the different soil horizons, we studied 16 soil profiles from the territory of Vitosha Nature Park. The soils from tested areas 1-...

This article presents the concept of using neural networks in the recognition of fungi for use in a mobile forest ecosystem inspection robot. There are many dependencies regarding the occurrence of fungi in the vicinity of specific tree species. The presence of some fungi may be the result of a developing tree disease. The possibility of quick recognition of the fungus species using an autonomous mobile robot will allow for faster detection and prevention of the disease in entire ecosystems. An attempt was made to...

The competitiveness of product being offered is very important for company's competitiveness and successful business development. In Bulgarian forestry the main product is timber. It provides more than 85% from the revenues of state enterprises (DP), which are established with art. 163 from Forest Act (ZG), for management of state forest territories. Because of that the goal of this paper is to offer and verify practically applicable approach for complex quantitative assessment of competitiveness of timber, which ...

The results of a comparative analysis of hunting management in Ukraine and the Czech Republic are presented. Innovative methods of hunting management: the newest in the European hunting practice are shown. The success of Czech hunters shows that despite significant social and economic changes in the country, thanks to the observance of traditions, timely improvement of the regulatory framework, training of specialists, care for hunters and the hunting fund it is possible to ensure a significant increase in the num...

Bulgarian forests are part of the national wealth and national identity. Their economic, social and ecological functions are important for the sustainable development of society and for improvement of living conditions especially in rural and mountainous regions. To a large extent these functions are irreplaceable not only in a national but also in a global aspect. In this connection in the present paper a structural-functional characterization of Bulgarian forest territories is done. Actual data on the area of fo...

The territory of Ukraine is characterized by the occurrence of a large number of wildfires, mainly in mixed and coniferous forest ecosystems of Polissia, Forest-Steppe and Ukrainian Carpathians. The frequency of occurrence and destructive consequences of natural fires in forest ecosystems require the adoption of prompt measures aimed at their prevention, localization and liquidation. Monitoring plays the main role in the process of preventing wildfires, since observation, collection, analysis and assessment of qua...

Studies were conducted on the territories of the Left Bank Polissia, which aimed to assess the state and find out the peculiarities and patterns of natural seed regeneration of the leading forest-forming species of the Left Bank Polissia of Ukraine - Pinus sylvestris L., Quercus robur L., Acer platanoides L., Betula pendula Roth., Populus tremula L. as a mechanism for ensuring the preservation and functioning of forest phytocoenoses of this region. Phytocoenoses of 24 groups of associations representing forest com...

The plant soil relation in an extreme environment was studied with the aim of determining the physiological and/or ecological mechanisms involved in overcoming environmental constraints. In our work we have studied different aspects such as diversity, colonization strategies, dynamics, etc. of the vegetation that appears in a mining environment. The alteration of the soil in these places comes from very varied activities in addition to the chemical peculiarities of the extracted minerals. In short, we can consider...

In this paper, we intended to analyze non-native plant species that spread uncontrollably and have a visible and quantifiable impact in the analyzed area. The analyzed plant species demonstrate a strong invasive character, overwhelming the native plant species. This fact leads to a loss of biodiversity at the local level, but especially to production loss of the useful biomass on the invaded land surfaces. The aim of this paper is to show a practical method of analysis and evaluation of economic losses at the loca...

In the current society, the topic of global environmental problems that people face in their everyday lives is becoming more frequent. The consumption lifestyle of people has a negative impact on the environment, which causes reduced quality of life on Earth. One of the most important tasks of education is leading children toward sustainable living. The study is focused on a specific pedagogical-didactical approach - Forest pedagogy as one of the options for environmental education as well as building a relationsh...

Forests rank at the top of the natural assets of Romania, both because of their rich biodiversity, and their livelihood-sustaining role. In the ex-socialist countries that entered the tumultuous early-democratic era and faced many socio-economic adjustments, the monitoring of this valuable biome becomes critical for its sustainable management. This study aims to examine 20 years (2001-2020) of forest canopy loss in the Moldavian counties in Romania, using the spatial dataset provided by the GLAD laboratory and the...

We investigated the changes in element content and distribution in peat profile in a study aimed to monitor the geochemical changes accruing in the process of peat accumulation. Changes in the chemical composition of peat ash and underlying sediments have been studied in the central part of the Ubinskoye bog in the foreststeppe zone of Western Siberia. Two parallel peat cores were sampled to a depth of 310 cm. The upper peat layers are characterized by oxidative environment and increased concentrations of elements...

In connection with elaboration of scientific project -Statistical study of forestry companies competitiveness- and on the basis of the accumulated national and foreign experience a system of indicators and sub-indicators for complex quantitative assessment of forestry companies competitiveness has been offered. The proposed indicators are: competitiveness of product being offered; labor productivity; financial results; enterprise growth; market adaptability; economic realization of property of forest resources; si...

The study analyzed forest vegetation in the "Bazos Dendrological Park" area, Timis County, Romania, in order to describe the seasonal variation of the vegetation through imaging analysis based on satellite images (Sentinel 2). The study took place in the period 2021-2022, and each year 7 sets of images (T1 - T7) were taken between the months of April and August. NDMI, NDVI and NBR indices were calculated from the analysis of satellite images. Among the calculated indices, very strong correlations were found betwee...

The article presents the results of remote monitoring of the consequences of armed aggression, namely the occurrence of fires on the territory of protected areas in the combat zone. In combination with "traditional" data, satellite imagery can play a crucial role in protecting protected areas and providing evidence of environmental violations. Plant and animal life are under threat of destruction from enemy shelling by the Russian army. In addition, there is the uncontrolled spread of fire in the combat zone of Uk...

In Bulgaria, the number of water sources and facilities for drinking and domestic water supply from surface and underground water is about 7,480. They are surrounded by sanitary protection zones (SPZ). Each SPZ has 3 belts, which are organised according to an accepted methodology. With the help of a designed geographic information system, it was found that in Bulgaria forest territories that belong to SPZ around water sources and water supply facilities for drinking and domestic needs have a total area of 576,117 ...

Schools in many countries implement environmental education to different extents. School as an institution has a significant role in shaping pupil?s attitudes and behaviour towards nature and the environment. School's cooperation with a forest pedagogue is oriented towards the activities of forest pedagogy, the application of which to education in the conditions of Slovak schools represents one of the possibilities of forming pupils' relationship with nature and awareness of forestry. The aim of the research is to...

Forest restoration programmes take place globally and lay a pivotal role in addressing climate change and biodiversity loss. Often restoration programmes are based on simple plantation schemes, evenly planting trees that later on might contribute to economic activity. This, however, does not seem to be sufficient for supporting biodiversity. Recent research suggests that successful restorations should match original ecological patterns in any particular landscape, assuming that severe erosion and changing soil con...

A detailed study of the herb layer species of forest ecosystems that are anthropogenically affected makes it possible to predict the successive changes and model the development of plant communities in particular areas. The study results of grassland species populations contribute to the restoration and preservation of unique groups that are part of forest ecosystems. Our research deals with understanding the mechanisms of adaptations that exist at the population level of the organization against the background of...

One of the long-term goals of the certification systems (FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) and PEFC (Program for the Endorsement of Forest Certification)) of sustainably managed forests that provide both social, environmental, and economic benefits is to completely phase out the use of chemical pesticides to protect planting material. It is in the interest of both nurseries and forest owners to find successful alternative, environmentally friendly solutions to safeguard pine saplings against Curculionidae. The stud...

The forest industry is an important sector of the economy of many countries, because the timber grown in it can be used for achieving various economic goals, including increasing added value and exports. However, the social functions of forestry: rural employment and the availability of forests, in the form of various ecosystem services, are also important to the public. Forests are home to various protected species, and forest biotopes, biotopes associated with forests as well as the biodiversity of forests play ...

This study aims to observe the spatial distribution of the arthropods biodiversity inhabiting the soil surface of olive groves. For this purpose, a sampling campaign has been carried out in a 15.1 ha plot of this crop. This plot is located in the south of the Iberian Peninsula. The study comprised a total of 65 sampling stations for epigean arthropods. Each station consisted of two drop traps, one located under the canopy of the olive tree and the other in the middle of the strip. With the arthropod catch data fro...

Microbiological studies of forest soils are an important field of research due to the role of forest as carbon sinks and the main role of microorganisms in biogeochemical cycle and in the transformation of organic mass. Microbiological monitoring of soils in forest ecosystems is of key importance to achieve accurate and comparable data. This paper examines the interrelationship of soil microbial communities with different environmental characteristics. For the purpose of the study, the influence of soil type, the ...

Olive pruning mulch modifies the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil. They are an efficient soil and water conservation system, while simultaneously improving the organic matter content of the soil. In any case, their effect on soil properties is a function of the densities provided. In any agricultural field, there can be significant variations in plant size, which can affect the amount of pruning obtained. In this research, a spatial sampling of pruning amount collected in olive trees (n=59)...

The objects of study are Hylocomiosa forest site forests owned by government and managed by JSC -Latvia-s State Forests-. Research object is a part of forest protection zone around cities. In those protection zones clear-cut is forbidden by law. In order to promote forest growth and mitigate the negative effects of climate change, forests in protected zones also need to be properly managed. The aim of research is to evaluate regeneration success of Scots pine Pinus sylvestris L after group selection felling in Hyl...

In a common understanding, tailings dumps are represented as categories of engineering constructions where mined underground rocks are stored together with the useful rock represented by underground coal. And the position of tailings dumps, ordinarily, is on the land around the mining operations. For their location, land is chosen that determines the minimum impact on the environment and requires some of the lowest waste disposal costs. Considering that our world is in a continuous ascension, new techniques and me...

Today, drones are already widely used in agriculture and forestry. Drones can help spray plants, take surface measurements, and estimate the damage caused by adverse weather conditions or wild animals. Drones can also be used in caring for the condition of crops. Traditional methods of detecting threats related to plant disease are time-consuming and ineffective. Thanks to the use of drones equipped with appropriate vision systems, it is possible to carry out quick and precise control of the condition of the plant...