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Two major series of crosscutting dikes (Dk1a and Dk1b) are common in Sungun porphyry deposit. Those are varying compositionally from quartz monzo-diorite to granodiorite. About thirty percent of the sungun stock is filled by Dk1a and Dk1b dikes. Presence of dikes will cause lots of errors in copper content estimation, so determination of dikes is very important. Ten percent of dikes volume could be identified through drawing strings and correlation between boreholes. For estimating and determining the other part o...

In the detailed exploration and reserve estimation, with separating the alteration (as the controller of the grade) in ore reserve and estimating the reserve in each alteration, the estimation variance will decrease and the accuracy of the estimation will increase. This paper tries to quantify and separate the alterations using discriminant analysis, a multivariate statistical method, and distribute them through sequential gaussian simulation in the Sungun copper deposit. A simple linear discriminant function tran...

In the detailed exploration and reserve estimation, with separating the alteration (as the controller of the grade) in ore reserve and estimating the reserve in each alteration, the estimation variance will decrease and the accuracy of the estimation will increase. In the other hand without any additional drilling, it is also possible to decrease the estimation variance by lowering the sill of variograms. In this method, we have categorized the data into different lithologies and different alterations such as skar...

The Sungun porphyry copper deposit (PCD) is located in East Azarbaijan, in the NW of Iran. The Sungun porphyries occur as stocks and dikes ranging in composition from quartz monzodiorite through quartz monzonite. Four types of hypogene alteration are developed at Sungun, potassic, phyllic, propylitic and argillic. Based upon their phase content, four types of fluid inclusions are common at Sungun (1) vapor, mono-phase (2) vapor-rich, two-phase, (3) liquid-rich twophase, and (4) multi-phase. Halite is the principal...

Sungun Porphyry Copper deposit is located 75 kilometers northwest of Ahar and 130 kilometers northwest of Tabriz. In order to model the deposit and estimate its reserve, 31068 input data gained from 152 boreholes were used. Cu grade was selected as the major regional variable on which the present research has focused. All of the available data were changed to 12.5-meter composites so that statistical equalization could be reached. Studies indicated that Cu input data had single - population characteristics. To car...

The Chahargonbad area is located in southern part of the central Iranian volcano–sedimentary belt, in Kerman province. The intrusion of several intrusives bodies such as granodiorite, monzonite, diorite, granite and quartz diorite in the volcanic sedimentary sequence have given rise to an intense and vast alteration and copper mineralization in the southern part of this belt different image processing techniques such as color composites, image filtering, band ratioing and principal component analysis have been a...

An exploratory data analysis (EDA) technique is based on the box plot and robust-class selection. Calculation of the threshold of anomalous data is based on the determined classes. In contrast to classic statistical processing ( ), in these methods, normalization isn’t needed. This paper is devoted to presentation of EDA application on stream sediment survey data of 1:50000 Shirinkand sheet. 180 Samples were analyzed for 23 elements and because of high censored values of Cd and P, they are omitted from data proc...

Variability of stream sediment survey data have two principal component including syngenetic component relates to lithogenesis and lithogeochemical variation, and epigenetic component relates to mineralization which its determination is the target in geochemical exploration. In regional stream sediment surveys, effective lithologic units in syngenetic component are located in the upstream of related sample. Various methods are used for neutralization of syngenetic component in stream sediment geochemical surveys s...

The Correspondence Analysis Method (CAM) is actually a Non-structural method that could be used to define the anomaly from the background. To apply this method, representative samples of a large area are necessary but knowing the exact location of each sample is not necessary. Base on this method, the litho-geochemical data would be mathematically process to extract the valuable factors needed to plot a two by two diagram. This method has been applied on available data in Enjerd skarn deposit. Five factors have be...

Four main mineralized vein Groups within the Sar-Cheshmeh Porphyry system have been identified: I) quartz + molybdenite + anhydrite В± K-feldspar with minor pyrite, chalcopyrite and bornite; II) quartz + chalcopyrite + pyrite В± molybdenite В± Calcite; III) quartz + pyrite + calcite В± chalcopyrite В± anhydrite (gypsum) В± molybdenite; IV) quartz В± calcite В± gypsum В± pyrite В± Dolomite. Early hydrothermal alteration produced a potassic assemblage (orthoclase-biotite) in the central part of the stock, propylitic...

The Sabzevar complex ophiolite including igneous rocks consist of peridotites (lherzolite, dunite and harzburgite), serpentinite, gabbros and a volcanic sequence composed of basalts, andesites, rhyolites and basanites. Based on petrographic observations and geochemical analyses of incompatible trace and rare earth elements, three different types of extrusive rocks have been classified. a: Initial molten originated N-MORB-like basalts, which formed after a LREE depleted magmas, and are petrogenetically related to t...

According to the mineral compositions, paragenesis, relationships and the fluid inclusion microthermometry two stages of skarn alteration within the Rize pluton area have been identified. The first stage (stage I) was characterized by the Spurrite, vesuviavite, wollastonite, magnetite, pyroxene, gehlenite and garnet assemblages at high temperatures ( 750 oC). The second stage (II) occurred at lower temperature ( 500 oC) when the system collapsed, and is characterised by tremolite, low temperature vesuvianite, rust...

The Sabzevar ophiolite is a highly dismembered ophiolite complex located along the northern boundary of the Central Iranian Microcontinet (CIM) and is one of the internal groups of ophiolites and colored melange. The area has various lithological units that are the cause of Sabzevar colored melange zone. There are many chromite pods in the area but the high topography and mountainous condition and inability to trace the hidden lenses, many of them are not explored yet. A mathematical- genetic model could be helpfu...

The Sar-Cheshmeh granodioritic stock, called “Sar Cheshmeh Porphyry”, is intruded into the Eocene andesitic rocks. This intrusion has caused potassic (biotitic) and propylitic alteration zones in peripheral rocks. Potassic alteration zone is overprinted by a phyllic alteration zone, which is occurred by heated meteoric waters that affected primary alteration zones. About half of the copper mineralization in Sar- Cheshmeh has occurred in potassically and phyllically altered andesitic rocks. In this paper, mass ...

Sar-Cheshmeh porphyry copper deposit, as the biggest copper mine in Iran is located in southwest of Kerman. This deposit is located in southern part of Orumieh – Dokhtar metallogenic belt, which is also the most important copper belt in Iran. The Sar-Cheshmeh granodioritic stock, called “Sar-Cheshmeh Porphyry” is intruded into the Eocene andesitic rocks. This intrusion has caused potassic (first mineralization episode) and phyllic alteration zones in lower levels due to ascending toward the lower temperature...

The Raigan porphyry copper system is located in southeastern Iran (Kerman province), and is associated with diorite/granodiorite to quartz-monzonite of Miocene age that intruded Eocene volcano-sedimentary rocks. Copper mineralization was accompanied by mainly phyllic and lass potassic alteration. Field observations and petrographic studies demonstrate that emplacement of the Raigan stock took place in several intrusive pulses, each with associated hydrothermal activity. Molybdenum is not reported in any stage of h...

The Sar-Cheshmeh porphyry copper deposit is located in southeastern Iran and is associated with diorite/granodiorite to quartzmonzonite of Miocene age. Copper mineralization was accompanied with both phyllic and potassic alteration. Three main mineralization related alteration episodes (potassic, transition, and phyllic alterations) have been studied in terms of mass transfer and element mobility during the hydrothermal evolution of the Sar-Cheshmeh deposit. In order to illustrate these changes quantitatively, iso...