Browse

Stage of construction works is responsible for the most part of risks, emerging during construction project. Violation of technologies of construction works, unsatisfactory quality of construction materials leads to additional costs of an amount equal to the cost of alteration of works. Each violation on the construction site on itself leads to insignificant damage, however, their frequency and complication at further stages entails a much larger aggregate damage. ThatпїЅs why qualified construction management per...

A concept of Geographical Information System (GIS) refers to a special system developed to collect, store, analyse and visualise geographical spatial data and related attribute data. GIS is not only a software which enables the system, but it also comprises collected data and specific organisational procedures. The most important advantages of GIS include the possibility of connecting spatial data and described attributes derived from different sources, and above all пїЅ the ability to perform geospatial analyses....

The prestressed injected ground anchor is a device, one end of which is fixed in the soil by injecting a cement grout, and the other is fixed on the retained structure after prestressing. Ground anchors are widely used in many building and construction sectors as temporary or permanent elements of structure for fixing sliding slopes and retaining wall, for strengthening of foundation, preventing uplift of underground structures, ets. In this paper using of ground anchors for construction of new berth and renovatio...

In the framework of the work, the authors conducted an analysis of the possibilities of modifying the selected rank method to evaluate the groundwater vulnerability to cpollution in the area where a source of contamination is at least partly under the surface and the groundwater interact directly with it. Such an object is among others the CTL Maczki-BпїЅr sand mine, the workings of which are reclaimed with gangue (post-mining waste) from coal mines. The analyses of the groundwater vulnerability to pollution using...

The area of the CSA mine is situated at the northern edge in the central part of the Most Basin (North Bohemia, The Czech republic). The interesting area, currently represented by the internal wastedump and the own openpit mine CSA, has undergone significant changes over time that are associated almost with coal mining activities. This activity hit especially hydrological and hydrogeological conditions of the area. The original surface was naturally drained by the several streams, which were necessary translate to...

In relation with a study of arsenic pollution of groundwater in the Ogosta Valley, NW Bulgaria, a monitoring station was built in the floodplain in the upper reaches of the Ogosta River, not far from the town of Chiprovtsi. The observations took place at three adjacent sites including a hydrometric river gauge and two tube wells located closer and further from the river. River stages, groundwater level, water temperature and electrical conductivity were measured automatically at the three sites. Water pH, dissolve...

The research program consisted of 3 tests series that was carried out in a foundation cushion using recycled concrete aggregates as stuffing material and geosynthetic materials such as geogrids and geocells as reinforcement. It has been used a steel box with following dimensions 1x1x1.5 m. At the top of the foundation cushion it was sat a concrete foundation (with an area of 0.4 x 0.4 m) and there were applied vertically centered static loads. The dynamic loads were applied using a shaking table that has a maximum...

Considering that there are more and more situations where there is a need of building structures on low strength capacity grounds, we need to find efficient methods not only from the technic-economical point of view, but also from the time consuming point of view. The rapid impact compaction method is also an energy efficient method because there can be used any type of ground found in the site (gravel). The process itself itпїЅs the usage of a device that consists in falling weight of 5 to 9 tons from a controlle...

Geotechnical works are closely related to civil engineering works, both in the initial phase of a construction and, in special cases, after the construction when new structures are built in the vicinity. Depending on the foundation ground capacity, many types of works must be developed such as various pile driving methods, slope containment, deep excavation, ground improvement or treatment, etc. Associated with special types of works there are the vibrations propagated in the ground from depth to the surface which...

The work is devoted to consideration of the design of information and analytical support for the processing of heterogeneous geotechnical and geodynamic monitoring data. Based on the statistical analysis, the main problems were identified. They are leading to catastrophic consequences of karst dips and also affecting the quality of the forecast estimates. To increase the sensitivity of detection of the initial phase of destructive processes in the system "geological environment - engineering and technical object",...

On the night of February 21st, 2010, the county road 724 that connects the Malu cu Flori-Pucheni village was destroyed by a violent landslide, isolating it. In a few hours the road, together with the electrical, phone and water systems were moved downstream 30m along 100 meters. The area has been known for more than 100 years as being affected by landslides, which have appeared immediately after massive deforestation, regularly engaging local roads, house hold settlements. After the sliding in 1970, a series of wo...

This paper presents the results of a complex investigation executed in Bucharest, Romania by both geotechnical and geophysical techniques. Soil structure has been explored through 20 geotechnical boreholes at maximum 60m depth, which provided hundred of soil samples. A comprehensive set of experimental data on subsoil from oedometer and direct shear tests are analyzed in order to determine the stiffness and strength parameters for cohesive soils. For sands and gravels, the stiffness and strength parameters derived...

A case study concerning a drystone retaining wall that failed during construction, is presented. The site geology, the materials and their geotechnical characteristics are documented and discussed. The detailed site investigation performed allowed to define three geotechnical units: 1 - anthropogenic deposits; 2 - quaternary alluvial and colluvial deposits; 3 - Neogene alluvial fan. The third geotechnical unit, the Neogene alluvial fan, is mainly composed by dense and very dense sands, showed the best geotechnical...

This paper presents a new approach to the evaluation of dynamic soil strength based on the hypothesis of discreteness of the deformation process - a method of self-excited vibration. This method was first discovered at the sandy soil shear test. The destruction of the soil is viewed as cyclical and consists of two phases: the static and dynamic. On static stage deformation is slow, with energy accumulation. In the dynamic there is a rapid discharge, accompanied by a sharp increase in strain. Self-excited vibration...

The use of local soil as well as the recycling of existing structures such as road pavements using hydraulic binders is a beneficial technical solution, both in terms of economics and protection of the EarthпїЅs natural resources. Parameters of the soil stabilized with binders significantly affect the load bearing capacity and durability of the built structures. One of the important mechanical parameters applied in the analysis and design of soil structures is the modulus. Determination of the exact value of this ...

Bulgarian territory is subjected to impact of almost all negative and destructive geological processes and phenomena. The engineering estimation of these hazards requires knowledge of their origin, evaluation of potential occurrence of these phenomena, and their resulting risk. The liquefaction of weak soils under dynamic impacts is one of the processes that compose the geological hazards. This phenomenon occurs in certain areas during strong earthquakes. It involves a loss of bearing capacity of sediments, terrai...

During period of preparing the construction of halls of the industrial park, according to the geotechnical investigation were found adverse properties of soil. Below the ground surface was situated 5.5 m soft clay layer, deeper clayey gravel. Due to the nearby located river, the groundwater level was found just below the ground surface. Strict requirements to fulfilling first of all the serviceability limit state have led to the preparing the load test in real geological conditions in scale 1:1. Expecting load on ...

Metallurgical wastes are deposited in landfills or are being recycled, mainly as material used for engineering work. They are also sources of pollution in the groundwater environment. For this reason, it is necessary to explore environmentally safe ways of using them. Environmental impact assessments of waste can be made on the basis of static or dynamic laboratory tests. The alternative is to carry out lysimetric research. However, this kind of research is rarely performed due to the degree of complexity, cost an...

The article is an introduction to the issues of shaping the areas of former lignite mining surrounding the city of Zielona GпїЅra (Lubuskie voivodeship, Poland). The city of Zielona GпїЅra, seeking new investment areas, develops further areas, including those that have been former mine sites for at least 70 years. They have never been reclaimed. The remediation of former lignite mines, both technical and biological, is the responsibility of the mining plant and should be carried out in accordance with the law, how...

The article presents selected results obtained by using of electrical resistivity tomography method in searching of different, mostly anthropogenic objects at shallow depths. The anticipated depth of the object is up to 20m. These objects are relatively small with dimensions up to maximum in first meters in diameter. In terms of the shapes of these objects it is possible to define two groups. The first group consists mainly of the objects whose shape can be replaced by a vertical or horizontal cylinder. The second...

The object of this paper is represented by the analysis of a grid foundation for a light reinforced concrete structure. The need for this kind of analysis was imposed by the foundation ground conditions. In the case of sites presenting differentiate foundation ground conditions in the perimeter of a construction it is necessary a detailed analysis of the foundation conditions of the site and also, the behavior of the ensemble of the entire structure. So, is stent an adjustment of the foundation solution to the sit...

Exploitation of groundwater deposits exerts an influence on the state of the hydrogeological objects and the environment at large. The special study is required for the areas with the limited-use surface water. Province of Kyzylorda is one of such regions in Kazakhstan. Its water supply is mainly realized by use of underground waters of Kyzylzharminski deposit. Methods of mathematical modeling play an important part in the process of studying the hydrogeological objects, which are subject to the effect of high tec...

Many sports facilities were constructed in the Sochi area prior to Winter Olympics, 2014. We contributed to this by conducting the research of geological risks on the northern slopes of Aibga Ridge пїЅ the place allocated for construction of mountain skiing tracks. Initial data of the study comprised digital topographic model, field findings, and remote sensing data. All these were organized by using the instruments of MapInfo Geographic Information System (GIS). The research was based on the system-morphological ...

It is well known that the Russian North is rich in hydrocarbon resources, and oil production there requires long transporting pipelines. We studied geological and other natural risks associated with the project of construction of oil pipeline from South Bagan field, Komi Republic. To evaluate the risks we put into geographic information system (GIS) topographic maps as well as drilling data, remote sensing and own field survey materials. It is the system-morphological approach by A. Lastochkin that was used as a m...

Risk assessment includes quantitative estimation of damage to a linear engineering structure by exogenous geological processes. Remote sensing data processing using the mathematical morphology of landscape seems to be a promising approach of exogenous hazard risk assessment for linear structures, this issue is examined taking thermokarst plains as an example. The mathematical models of landscape morphological patterns for thermokarst lacustrine plains and thermokarst plains with fluvial erosion is a base of the su...

The determination of a stone column resistance and deformation is often based on empirical correlations, in пїЅ situ tests and previous experiences in similar geological conditions. In last decade, the stone columns are also designed using a numerical modelling пїЅ usually by finite element method (FEM). The most important parameters of a stone column are the unit weight which corresponding to the relative density, effective angle of shears strength and deformation modulus. Last but not least properties of the ori...

The article deals with the geotechnical calculations of the interaction of reinforced concrete storage boxes with subsoil at different loading states. From the numerical method point of view, this problem is solved by deformation variant of the finite element method. Defined the load states take into account the gradual filling of storage boxes with low and intermediate radioactive waste and final coverage of the storage boxes. More detailed are analyzed the results of the numerical calculations of vertical displa...

The article deals with the problem of determination of zones induced by excavation of underground work in solid granitoid rocks using numerical modelling under the assumption of Hoek-Brown's failure condition and DiederichsпїЅs conceptual model of behaviour of the rock environment around the underground work. Three fundamental induced zones around the underground work are characterized - the High Damage Zone (HDZ), the Excavation Damage Zone (EDZ) and the Excavation Influence Zone (EIZ) and the possibilities of th...

Productivity of geothermal reservoirs is often limited by capability of injection wells due to clogging of near-filter zone or increased viscosity of cooled waters. Especially for highly saline reservoirs, injection of cooled waters to water-bearing formation is often the only way of their disposal. In turn, this phenomena has little importance in case of low-mineralized waters. However, several water-treatment procedures can be used to recover valuable minerals, thus producing diluted water and salt concentrate. ...

Development of numerical methods allows on much more better examination of changes in foundation-soil interaction. However, there are still some areas which require more analysis and discussion, because results of simulations on are often divergent to the field tests. One of these problems is numerical modeling of displacement pile installation and proper consideration of its influence on surrounding soil. Application a simple FEM model can be not sufficient, by its limited application in changes of soil considera...

Most of researchers explain that shallow tunnels suffer higher damage compared to deep structures. Many numerical analyses were carried out in order to verify and compare the stresses, forces and bending moments acting on tunnel lining according with the seismic design. After tunnel modelling in MIDAS GTS NX to investigate the tunnel simulation in order to highlight the effect of static and dynamic load on the behaviour of tunnel lining for different cases and calculated the value of each mesh node based on 3D fin...

Reliability of a concrete pipe culvert was tested under rail and embankment loads. In the finite element model soil-structure interaction and nonlinear behavior of the materials were taken into account. After a preliminary study three influential variables as random were selected for presented approach to probabilistic model, i.e. concrete strength, soil density and its modulus of elasticity. Because various concrete parameters can be easily derived from the compressive strength only this parameter was selected fo...

The construction of some large industrial units and their endowment with oversized and heavy technological equipments, as well as their regular repair or replacement, led to the necessity of transporting some parts that exceeded both the gauge and the tonnage admitted on public roads. The choice of the route and the transport scheme (on one or more trailers) was made in such a way that requests would be as few as possible in order not to exceed the carrying capacity of the roads and bridges. However, in many cases...

In world, pipe jacking method had a very quick development. In last years there has been seen a tendency in metallic fiber reinforcement. In the first part the paper present o short description of the method and pipes reinforced with metallic fiber. The second part is dedicated to three dimensional numerical analize of pipe jacking method, to define their influence on pipe efforts, with considering the horizontal push force. In the third part are presented parametrical studies on fiber reinforced metal pipes used ...

The goal of the contribution is to elaborate the analysis and prognosis of groundwater level regime using numerical modelling to show the possibility of introducing technical measures which have to mitigate the unfavourable groundwater level regime in the vicinity of the hydraulic structure. For numerical simulation purposes a mathematical model by means of finite element method has been provided in right-side alluvium of the VпїЅh River with detailed concentration on endangered village in the vicinity of the hydr...

The Committee on Affairs of construction and housing and communal services of the Ministry of national economy of Kazakhstan approved the "Scheme of water supply and sanitation Kyzylorda", which is represented by the following decisions in choosing a water supply source. So, according to the first embodiment of the solution, the scheme drinking water supply was provided from two groundwater sources: Kyzylorda and Ky-zylzharminsky fields located on the right Bank of the city. Supply and return water was provided th...

The sedimentary environments are in general very important aquifers because of the following characteristics: high permeabilities, storage capacity, the interaction with the surface waters. The exploitaition of this types of aquifers it is significant because, among other things, this aquifers are easily accessible (in general we donпїЅt need complex systems of capture and in most cases are enough wells ans/or drilling between 10-100m depth). Must of the aquifers structures from the south part of Romania are usual...

Nowadays, after intervals of time without rainfall, heavy rain with very high flow rates in very short time are increasingly more often. If extreme rainfall events, storm sewer networks can not take storm water flows, which frequently occurs with flood damage large, often with loss of life. Duet o the fact that rainwater flows to the emissaries in time, the water table drops. Analyzing the frequency of extreme phenomena rainfall and using climate scenarios we can adapt technical regulations related to sizing colle...

Studying of regularities of forming of fresh underground waters of the Akmola region of Northern Kazakhstan allowed to reveal the main regularities of distribution of fresh underground waters against the background of waters of the raised mineralization. The role of tectonic violations in forming and distribution of underground waters influence, and also influences of a lithology of the water containing deposits on nature of circulation and the chemical composition of underground waters is established. Distinction...

Waste rock storage resulting from underground mining works or surface workings, the power plan ashes well as metallurgical and steel waste, is done in the form of dumps. Embankments as well slopes (which are inclined surfaces side that separates positive forms of relief), are characterized by the same geometrical elements, respectively, height and angle of embankment and their stability depends on the physic-chemical and mechanical properties of rocks that compose them. Cohesion and internal friction angle are the...

This paper consist of creating a conceptual model of the first aquifer identified in the central area of Bucharest. The conceptual model was developed in three stages: the spatial schematization, the parametric schematization and the hydrodynamic schematization, based on data from geotechnical boreholes. Mathematical modeling of groundwater flow requires knowing the entire system, from the geological and spatial distribution of permeable geological structures to hydrogeological parameters of the aquifer (hydraulic...

The two-dimensional profile curves created by Barton are often used in geotechnics for the determination of the rock joint coefficients. These two-dimensional profiles of solid surfaces show self-affine properties, i.e. they are scaled differently in x- and y- directions. Similarly, the three-dimensional reliefs (3D) of solid surfaces are scaled differently in z-direction in comparison to x- or y-directions. Therefore, the vertical sections of surface reliefs (two-dimensional profiles) are self-affine curve (self-...

Usually the frost heave of soils causes damages to low-rise buildings, road paving, and pipelines. However, a few years ago unusual deformations of a building supported by 18 meter piles were found. It was a cooling house designed for fish storage at the temperature of -22пїЅ-24пїЅ?. The building was 8,4m high; its plan dimensions were 24?42m. To protect the ground against the frost penetration a 0,9 m layer of light gravel under the concrete floor was filled and an electrical heating system under it was set up. T...

Many oil and gas low permeable reservoirs have been stimulated to enhance productivity. Acid fracturing is one of the commonly used well stimulation treatment in carbonate formations, such as limestone, dolomite, and chalk. Carbonate reservoirs are good candidates for acid fracturing since strong acids such as hydrochloric acid react easily with carbonate. The acid reacts within the fracture to create a differentially etched surface that will maintain a conductive pathway. Habitually, a pad fluid is injected ahead...

Conditions of manifestation, feature of chemical and isotope composition of soda groundwater of the southern part of Kuzbass - the world's largest coal basin have been studied. It is shown that soda groundwater is widely developed here within of coal-bearing sand-clay of Paleozoic sediments, are confined in zone of slow water exchange at depths from 100-200 up to 2000 m. At the same time soda groundwater are presented quite variously on chemical and isotope compositions, that has allowed to allocate them in three ...

The paper describes and analysis loess substrate collapsing under embankment as a result of flooding. The threat of huge settlements is wide spread on large loess deposits areas especially in south part of Asia. The popular in Russian Federation and common used method developed by authors is the compaction of substrate by soil columns. It is used in a variant covered with geosynthetic as barrier and reinforcement under an embankment. Authors present results of numerical calculations in direct numerical determinist...

The paper presents the physical and mechanical behaviour of an expansive clay, coming from a site in Cluj-Napoca, Romania enhanced by a polyethylene waste material. Given the current research directions of international projects, this paper fits the less studied theme of the usage of recyclable materials for soil stabilization. According to recent studies, in EU just 40% of waste materials are recycled and this low percentage opens a wide perspective for the re-usage of these materials as fillers in stabilized soi...

The article deals with numerical analysis of vertical normal contact stress in subsoil of foundation slab of 16-storey monolithic reinforced concrete frame building situated in Kiev, Ukraine. The foundation gap is located 11.65 m below the level of surrounding terrain. Numerical calculations are verified with real measured values of contact stress (published in Lazebnik, 1998) in four different cross sections of foundation slab. The problem is solved as spatial (3D) with complex interaction of пїЅupper structure п...

The article observes the results of numerical simulation of the interaction of socketed shafts with rocks under the action of horizontal loads. The study revealed the following features of deformation and failure of the system "shaftпїЅ rock mass". Analysis of the obtained results confirmed the conclusion previously made by other researchers that the curve of deformation of the socketed shaft may be approximated by bi-linear dependence, in which the inflection point corresponds to the end of the linear section of ...

Geotechical engineering combines strict mechanical rules with a random nature of natural soils. That is why reliability-based approach to geotechnical design is still not fully appreciated by the engineers. Large variability of soil parameters and uncertainty of computational models emphasize the importance of experience and engineering intuition followed by over-standard number of testing procedures of both: the soil and the structure. Conventional university education may provide the student with the knowledge a...