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Our research has focused on ensuring the stability of the underground works with advanced techniques of non-invasive investigation and the development of an analysis of the underground infrastructure using the Finite Element Method FEM. The article is structured in three principal parts and a study to ensure the stability of the excavation was developed. The first part is about the determination of the optimal location for a possible underground laboratory based on the geological, the geotechnical and the geomecha...

Being the most important component of ecosystems, groundwater largely determines not only its properties and structure, but also its ecological qualities. Given the unity of natural waters - the Earth's hydrosphere, it is necessary to recognize that hydrogeoecological problems, as well as ecological in general, of which they are an integral and integral part, are also characterized by a certain hierarchical structure. Modern environmental problems, from global to regional and local, are associated with the growing...

Central Northern Bulgaria falls within the range of the North-Bulgarian artesian basin, characterized by a wide spread of storey aquifer system. The main aim of the present study is to characterize the features of the chemical composition of groundwater in the three most important pressure aquifers in the studied area (Senonian, Upper-Jurassic ? Lower-Cretaceous and Triassic), which are formed in carbonate rocks with Mesozoic age. In the background of the regional hydrogeological conditions, spatial change of the ...

Open pit reclamation is the final phase of mining activity to which every owner of the mining company is obliged. The selection of the target concept of the direction of decommissioning and reclamation of such excavation must be preceded by an analysis of the most optimal effects resulting from socio-economic and technical-environmental needs. The main research area on which research is being conducted is the sand open pit in the final phase of operation, whose excavations are simultaneously recultivated by their ...

To assess the hydrogeological conditions and indicate the major components of the water balance in the landfill area, located in the border of the city Tychy, southern Poland, a modeling investigation was applied. Groundwater flow model on the local scale for steady-state conditions for the year 2016 was created in FEFLOW environment, ver. 7.0. Modeled unconfined Quaternary aquifer was calibrated against hydraulic head measurements from 18 observation wells, 10 of them surrounded the old site of a municipal landfi...

Several tunnels are currently under construction in Slovakia and others are in process of preparation to be constructed. The most commonly used technology in Slovakia is NATM. One of them is the Milochov railway tunnel, which together with the bridge and another tunnel of works, will be located on the reconstructed part of the railway line between Puchov and Povazska Bystrica. The tunnel is designed for rail transport as a single-tube, double-track, with a track spacing of 4,200 m for a design speed of 160 km/h, w...

A change in the groundwater formation conditions occurs under the influence of human impact on the environment. Changes relate to both quantitative indicators of formation, such as natural reserves and natural resources, and qualitative, such as mineralization, temperature, chemical composition and gas composition. The impact of changes in natural conditions under the influence of economic activity on the conditions of groundwater formation in the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as the impact of c...

The waters of the thermal spring Sveti Stjepan in Istarske Toplice spa in Croatia has been used for medical purposes since 1817. Given the physicochemical indicators, the water of the Sveti Stjepan spring is classified into a group of highly sulfuric-radioactive-mineralized Na-Ca-Cl hypo to isothermal waters. It should be noted that rich sulfuric content and at the same time radioactive water occur very rarely. The unique mineral composition significantly contributes to the high balneological quality of the spa. T...

Vibration driving of piles into a soil is a complex mechanical process, accompanied with such phenomena, as a changing of structure of soil surrounding the driving element, soil liquefaction, decreasing of friction forces between soil and surface of the driving element. During vibratory driving of sheetpiles and piles the vibrations arise in the surrounding soils. The effect of these vibrations on closely located buildings or structures may lead to damage or destruction due to additional uneven ground settlement, ...

The Lazy Bledowskie well field located in the area of the Upper Silesia (southern Poland) abstracts water from the Triassic carbonate aquifer. The aquifer is additionally heavily drained by the Zn-Pb ore mines. Due to a deterioration of groundwater quality, caused mainly by sulphate concentration reaching 317 mg/L, most of the wells have been closed and currently only 2 wells are exploited. Sulphates origin in water has been a concern issue of many researchers. However, there are difficulties in identification of ...

The paper presents a review of influence exerted by subsurface microbiota on hard rocks in the underground space of megalopolises. It describes main strategies used by microorganisms to attach to different mineral surfaces, considers natural and technogen-ic conditions, under which microbiota develops in the underground medium. Particular attention is given to the presence of aquifers with different chemical composition and contamination level, natural occurrence of organic layers in the rock section, urban source...

This work presents a mechanical and physical characterization of rock material from different slopes located in the town of Coimbra (Central Portugal) and its adjacent areas. The slopes are designated by numbers from 1 to 7. Slopes 1 and 2 are placed in Lower Jurassic Formations. Slope 1 is composed by marly limestones and marls. Slope 2 is constituted by dolomitic limestone. Lower Cretaceous Sandstones outcrop in Slope 3. Slope 4 is placed in the Finisterra Microplate and Slopes 5, 6 and 7 belong to the ?Schist-G...

The paper describes the use of methods of visualization and non-destructive investigation of spatial distribution of changes in the structure of the monitored material, which was a cement composite with admixture of blast furnace slag. The test specimens in the shape of the cylinders with a diameter of 24mm and a height of 25mm were placed in an aggressive sulfate environment represented by bacteria of the microorganism Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans for 6 months. To investigate the spatial distribution and the deg...

Stability analysis of underground excavations, such as tunnels, the most important parameters in the design of these structures. Because long-life underground structures should be according to their use. On the other hand, the amount and quality of tunnel excavation are depending on various parameters including geology risks and different type of rocks. So, for the optimal stability, mechanical behavior of the rock mass should be known. The current essay considers the showing stability and designed of Dezh-mandeh ...

From geological point of view tailings dam materials are different compared to regular types of soil. In mechanical aspects it is material that has regular mechanical properties like shear parameters and deformation moduli. Based on the huge expansion of the hardening soil model in the last 20 years, this paper discusses the E50 modulus and its relation to some of the well-known physical soil properties. Expressions of E50 in respect to water content, grain size distribution, void ration, site depth and confining ...

Contributions to the behavior of rock materials under various conditions provide a practical knowledge about issues relating the performance and long-term serviceability of rocks. In this study, various limestones with varying textural features were investigated in terms of their resistance against magnesium sulfate weathering tests. For this purpose, initial physico-mechanical properties of limestones were determined. Then, rock materials were subjected to magnesium sulfate weathering tests (up to 20 cycles) and ...

To analyze the influence of geomorphological conditions on the accident rate of the main pipelines, we used the database from the National Pipeline Mapping System of the USA. This database is sufficiently broad and deep, and the natural conditions of the northern states of the USA - Alaska, Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Montana, North Dakota and Minnesota - can be considered as relatively similar to those for pipelines on the Russian territory. We carried out the analysis of geomorphological factors of risks and used...

In the frontier southeastern districts of the republic there is a sharp increase in international tourism, and in this regard, the development of the resort industry and the development of the local base of balneological resources are of particular importance. The material for the article was the results of studies conducted in 2018 under the project of grant financing ?Development of an innovative methodology for the qualitative and quantitative assessment of therapeutic mud in south-eastern Kazakhstan as a hydro...

The matter of managing water resources has been gaining great momentum during the past decades, even in areas where abundance of water is currently available. With ongoing climate change, vital supplies should be handled by using best practices in order to gain knowledge and experience in case of unfavourable future scenarios. Analysis of spring discharge has led to a description of the reliability of a given spring according to its response to precipitation and snowmelt as certain regularities can be distinguishe...

The assessment of the vulnerability to pollution/contamination of natural mineral water is of maximum importance for long term exploitation of such a specific aquifer. A physically-based approach on the vulnerability should be based on three factors describing a pollution event, which are, the contaminant transfer time from the hazard location to the protected 'target', the level of contaminant concentration potentially reaching the 'target' and the contamination duration at the 'target' [1]. The main purpose of t...

Grouted ground anchor is a structural component used to transmit tension force from the structure to the subgrade. Determination of the ground anchors ultimate carrying capacity is mostly conducted using various empirical and semi-empirical methods. These procedures are usually successful, but highly simplified. Hence, each system ground anchor has to be tested during its prestressing to prove design assumptions. The aim of the test is to prove accomplishment of acceptance criteria, which has been defined to demon...

The expansive soils, known for significantly volume changes when subjected to moisture, pose major problems to foundations, causing severe damages to structures built on this kind of soils. Recent environmental approaches are focused on the conservation of natural resources and on reducing the effects of waste landfills by recycling and reusing different types of waste materials. In this perspective, a sustainable way to deal with expansive clay soils is to integrate them back into secondary building materials or ...

The Upper-Pontian aquifer is one of the most important in Northwest Bulgaria. It is built of sands with a thickness of up to 100 m that outcrop on the surface at the periphery of the Lom depression. The aquiferous sands are overlain by a lignite coal layer up to several meters thick. In order to assess the influence of coal on the chemical composition of groundwater, an experiment has been carried out in laboratory. In view of the leading role of rainwater, the experiments were conducted with real rainwater. This ...

The Cieszyn Tufa Springs is a special area of conservation located in the Western Carpathians (southern Poland). The main subjects of protection are springs that outflow from the contact zone between Cretaceous limestones and slates. Due to a high vulnerability of shallow aquifers within the area of Cieszyn Foothills as well as urbanization and highly-developed industry of the Silesia region, a wide range of contaminants is detected in the spring water. Although microcomponents present in water of the mentioned ar...

Kozhukhovskaya metro line is under construction in the southeast of Moscow now. The geological cross-section at the construction site shows Carboniferous limestone at a depth of 30-65 m, overlain by Jurassic and Quaternary clay, loam, sand and sandy loam. The principle geohazards originate from the presence of the thick horizon of water-saturated sandy and sandy-loamy deposits. These deposits serve as an enclosing medium for the future metro tunnel. The deposits along the route were typified according to their res...

Reinforced concrete tanks are currently used for storage of different substances and products. Such as bulk material but also various liquid and gaseous substances. Most often they serve as reservoirs for drinking water, for wastewater treatment and storage of various technical liquids. Rectangular tanks are less used as cylinders, but they have their advantages, less sensitivity to unilateral load, and better use of space for a multi-tank system. The rectangular tank solved in this article is filled with water. T...

This paper has as main objective the statistical processing of geological information from hydrogeological wells on the ROIL16 ? Plain Vlasia groundwater body. The first step was the collection of detailed information and data, such as geological and hydrogeological characteristics, the features of the superficial deposits and soils, an inventory of associated surface systems, an estimation of the flow directions. The geological information was taken from the water wells of National Network Monitoring of Romania. ...

The aim of this work is to study the erosion and stability of rock cliffs. The selected sites are located in the Cuio and Kalohanda areas from the southern sector of the Baia-Farta municipality, on the coast of the Province of Benguela, central-western Angola. The fourteen studied sites are situated nearby fishing villages and present two distinct climate seasons: the rainy season and the dry season. The studied area presents a huge potential for economic activity related with tourism. The rock cliffs are mainly c...

Study of the hydrogeological response to remote earthquakes is a separate scientific direction at the boundary of hydrogeology and geophysics. It?s necessary for understanding hydrogeomechanical processes occurring in fluid-saturated reservoirs. Spectral analysis is a convenient tool for estimation the relation between underground water level variations and ground displacement during passage of seismic waves from remote earthquakes. Water level variations can be classified as step-like, co-seismic and post-seismic...

The asphalt pavement materials which are after the Life cycle can be used in the production of new asphalt mixtures. If its quality of material is not suitable for the production of asphalt mixtures (inhomogeneity of material, soil content, etc.), the material can be used in unbound layers of pavements. The Road materials (new or recycled) are exposed during the operation to the effects of traffic loads and climatic influences, in particular changes in air and humidity temperatures, which are reflected by cyclical...

This article contains the results of research related to the groundwater quality deterioration issue in the northern part of the Crimean Peninsula under intense usage conditions. The most trustworthy forecasts for changing hydrogeochemical conditions in the further groundwater extraction can be based on geo-migration models, the creation of which requires much information about aquifers, which is not available. This paper aims to analyze hydrodynamic and hydrogeochemical conditions of the explored territory to val...

Thermokarst plains with fluvial erosion were studied for the prognosis of their development including natural exogenous hazards. These plains develop through two contrasting processes: 1) thermokarst lakes appearing and increasing in size, 2) drainage of the lakes through fluvial erosion and their transformation into khasireis (drained thermokarst depressions). The present research deals with four different variants of development of the thermokarst plains with fluvial erosion. The research uses mathematical model...

Stoilensky GOK is one of the leading enterprises in Russia in terms of production of raw materials for ferrous metallurgy. From the ecological point of view, ore deposits are natural sources of pollution because they contain many chemical elements. According hydrogeology, drainage, operation of the tailings dump, technical water after treatment process can be sources of pollution of the underlying aquifers. At the enterprise the operation of the seepage pit is mainly aimed at protecting from the Alb - Cenomanian a...

The paper analyzes the vertical and horizontal deformations of the rockfill dam body of the pump-station hydropower plant (PHP). We are dealing in more details with geotechnical design and assessment of the reservoir lower dam. We concentrate especially to the results of mathematical modelling of the lower dam body and the asphaltic concrete sealing (both the vertical and inclined) as well as to possibilities of undemanding effect elimination. At the problem solution there was used numerical method of finite eleme...

The article dealing with optimizing of the foundation method a statically complicated bridge structure founded in difficult engineering-geological conditions. The Finite Element Method (FEM) was used to optimize the foundation method. Its mathematical apparatus makes it possible to take into account and define very complex and difficult boundary conditions of the solved engineering problem (material, geometric, static, etc.). The analysed bridge over the Danube River is located in Dunaujvaros (Hungary), which is a...

This paper focuses on the transmission of loads imposed by passing trains to railway aggregates utilizing a pressure paper method, which enables the quantification of contact parameters on the interface between the railway sleeper bottom and railway ballast. Modern railway ballasted tracks consist of railway sleepers which fulfil especially the functions related to holding rail strings in the gage and inclination, enable fastening system installation, transmit forces and finally spread wheel loads on the ballast m...

Pile driving technology remains the most widespread method in Arkhangelsk where the presence of soft soils is an engineering-geological feature. Additionally, high quality of the pile shaft in the soft soil is guaranteed by using precast piles. New construction is mainly carried out next to the adjacent buildings. There are situations when pile driving by hammer can be safe for adjacent buildings. The monitoring of pile driving by diesel hammer was carried out at one of the sites in the city. The distance from the...

The paper analyzes failures of retention reservoirs of waste water located at the premises of an important power-engineering facility. Waste water retention reservoirs have been broken during their existence. The character and extent of the failures have caused serious concern to the operator about the loss of tightness of the retention reservoirs at which the entire operation would be seriously compromised. For the design of effective and functional remediation measures, it was necessary to clearly define the ext...

Geotechnical soil model is a result of extensive investigation techniques and represents the base for quality landslide characterization. Paper presents a geotechnical investigation process in a six distinctive phase workflow on the case study landslide Orehovcak in northern Croatia. The process starts at the office by collecting available information relating to the site topography, as well as all available geology maps and data. The second phase incorporates detailed field mapping and survey of structural damage...

The article introduces systems theory in evaluating and forecasting environ-geotechnical hazards in the central area of Hanoi city. The advantage of the theory is that it includes all the conditional factors and causes of the hazards, as well as the relationship between the factors. The role of each factor is quantified and summarized by mathematical formulas, which can produce an accurate evaluation of hazards status and reliable forecast. The systems theory applied in evaluating and forecasting environ-geotechni...

Open-ended steel tube piles are widely used in marine construction, coastal engineering, port and offshore structures. During the installation of pipe piles with open end into the noncohesive sandy soil plugging effect usually appears (mainly under impact driving). It complicates the pile driving and may cause the increasing of the pipe pile wall thickness. In this paper the method of estimation of the possibility of plug formation inside pipe is elaborated with help of dynamic modulus of Plaxis 8v software. This ...

Hydraulic structure Palcmansk? Ma?a is located in the eastern part of Slovakia, on the Hnilec River. Its main function is to produce electricity and flood control. It is in operation more than 60 years. The reservoir was created by damming up the river valley by concrete gravity dam. The bedrock of the dam is formed by phyllite rocks. The results of the water pressure tests confirmed the need to build a grout curtain in its subsoil. The safety of these structures is significantly determined by the uplift developme...

The technique of karst hazard assessment used on the territory of Ust-Kishert village is presented in the paper. We analyse the parameters of the research area natural structure which is characterized by the abundance of carbonate-sulphate karst. In this work, we consider karst rock mass as a certain volume of geological space occupied by the karstic rocks and the overburden (i.e. overlapping sediments) that are affected by the karst process. The purpose of this study is to identify the areas of local changes of o...

Tanks have been presently used for storage of various materials and products. It can be either a loose material, or various liquid and gaseous substances. Tanks have been often used to store the drinking water or various technical liquids, for purposes of waste water treatment, etc. Rectangular tanks are rarely used compared to cylindrical ones, but still they offer several benefits, e.g. higher resistance to unilateral loading and better use of space. The rectangular tank filled by water has been analyzed in this...

The article deals with determination of shear strength properties of improved coarse - grained soils using a large-dimensional direct shear test apparatus. A road embankment in front of a new bridge over the Danube River in the Komarno city will be made of the gravel improved by the cement. Aim of the analysis is determination of the shear strength properties of this improved material for optimal and reliable design of the road embankment. The shear strength of gravel was determined in the SHEARMATIC 27-WF2304 she...

The article is devoted to development of the mathematical models of transfer functions in complex geotechnical monitoring in the "geological environment - foundation - building" system. It is assumed that the geodynamic objects, as well as the seasonal natural geodynamic variations occurring near the building, have a direct effect on its physics-mechanical properties (changes in the stress-strain state of the beams, subsidence of the basement, redistribution of loads, and change in natural frequencies). In this re...

The article deals with numerical analysis of oedometer tests and high-rise building in conditions of Bratislava focused on time development of settlement. Numerical calculations are processed in finite element geotechnical software Plaxis. Oedometer tests was modelled in first step, with using six material models (Linear elastic, Mohr-Coulomb, Hardening Soil, Modified Cam Clay, Soft Soil, and Soft Soil Creep). Oedometer tests was realized on samples with four different moisture. There was achieved the effect of so...

The article discusses the features of formation and distribution of groundwater in the north-western slope of the Moscow artesian basin in the European part of Russia. Location of the north-western slope area is based on ecological-hydrogeological zoning. The aim of the case study is to examine the anthropogenic impact on groundwater resources and quality for two main aquifer systems of the Moscow artesian basin: Gdov aquifer and Intermorainal aquifer system. The investigation based on analysis of groundwater moni...

Lazy Bledowskie well field located in the area of the Upper Silesia, was established in 1959. It consisted of max. 22 wells abstracting water from the Triassic carbonate aquifer (Olkusz-Zawiercie major aquifer). This aquifer is additionally heavily drained by Zn-Pb ore mines. Due to the decreasing demand for water and the deterioration of its quality, wells were gradually excluded from operation and liquidated. Currently, only 2 wells are exploited, pumping approx. 11500 m3 /d. As a result of the overlapping impac...

The Ogosta Valley downstream the town of Chiprovtsi, NW Bulgaria, was subject to long-lasting contamination with arsenic and other toxic elements due to mining and ore-processing activities in the second half of the last century. Although the exploitation of lead-silver and iron ores was ceased in the end of the 90`s, the soil in particular sections of the Ogosta?s river floodplain remained highly contaminated with arsenic, lead and other heavy metals. Arsenic mobilization and transport in the vadose zone is highl...