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Increased pollution of water resources leads to a deterioration of surface water and groundwater quality, and it initiates the application of various methods for water treatment. Adsorption on a suitable adsorption material is the most frequently used methods in water treatment. Adsorption processes are based on the adsorption of contaminants on the surface of an adsorption material. The molecules of the contaminant pass from the water environment to the solid adsorbent. Oxides, oxyhydroxides and hydroxide contain...

The demographic load on the Volga River beaches in the Cheboksary urban district (Russia) significantly exceeds their maximum demographic capacity. This happens, first of all, due to the ?improper distribution? of holidaymakers between the beaches of the right and left banks of the Volga River. The ?improper distribution? of the holidaymakers is caused by the unjustifiably high cost of time, financial expenses that holidaymakers incur when visiting left-bank beaches. It is necessary either to significantly expand ...

Hydropower plants still hold globally the first position among the renewable resources in the production of electricity. They are one of the most environment-friendly way to generate electricity and thus waterpower is considered as a renewable resource with good prospects. A disadvantage of producing electricity from renewable resources is its problematic storage. Nevertheless, the water sources have a way to store electricity by water accumulation in the reservoir. This principle is used especially by the pumped ...

Intensification of agriculture in order to increase efficiency and economic profitability brings about an increase in the input of foreign substances into the soil and surface water. The outflow of mineral fertilizers and pesticide residues can have a negative effect on organisms in the environment. High doses of fertilizers and pesticides also harm the quality of surface water, which is used for drinking water production. As a part of the research of a small sub-mountain agricultural catchment area, the specific ...

This article is based on the results of studying the dynamics of long-term fluctuations in the flow of spring floods of the Don and Dnieper river basins in the territory of the Belgorod Region in the period 1968?2018. The object of the study are the maximum water discharges during the spring flood on the Tikhaya Sosna river near the town of Alekseevka (right tributary of the Don river) and Vorskla river near the village of Kozinka (left tributary of the Dnieper river). These rivers were chosen as objects of study ...

This report provides the findings of analysis intended to determine the reasons for the hydrogen sulfide formation in anaerobic conditions of urban sewage systems. The studies have shown that the technogenic content of sulphates in urban networks and the presence of organic components in wastewater lead to the formation and release of hydrogen sulfide into the atmosphere. Various methods of hydrogen sulfide removal from wastewater have been analyzed. The authors of the report have developed a complex alumina-ferro...

The methodology of sustainable forecasting of runoff and diagnosing bifurcations of its formation, being considered in the article, allows solving fundamentally new hydrological problems (including problems of engineering hydrology) related to the possibility of obtaining long-term estimates of the probabilistic characteristics of long-term river runoff under the conditions of evolutionary changes in the runoff formation factors (climate and anthropogenic activity on catchments). Currently, these long-term estimat...

The review of methods and devices for measuring of the raindrops sizes is considered in the article. A brief classification of the main groups of methods and devices for measuring of raindrop diameters is proposed. These materials could be useful in the development and selection of methods for analysis the characteristics of natural rains and artificial rains which are created by sprinkler machines. It is noted that all existing methods can be conditionally divided into the following groups: direct, indirect, opti...

Danube is part of the Rhine / Meuse - Main - Danube priority axis, being the second longest river in Europe. Danube is an important international river route, flowing through 10 countries: Germany, Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, Croatia, Serbia, Romania, Bulgaria, Moldova and Ukraine. Most of the Danube, 28.9%, stretches over the territory of Romania. In the rest of the countries where the Danube arrives, they have much lower percentages. It collects most of the Romanian rivers, except some from Dobrogea, that are ca...

The paper deals with the actual flood risk assessment in Slovak Republic. The recent history of massive floods within the territory of Slovak Republic and their character is described as well as the latest flood and changing character of the flood causes. It is usually a natural disaster that occurs due to sudden or unexpected changes in the meteorological situation. A brief description of the crisis management bodies with focus on the major responsibilities of the Fire & Rescue Corps within the current Act on Flo...

Jurisprudence and international cooperation in the field of pollution of international and regional watercourses have registered over time a rapid evolution if we refer to the documents issued by international and regional bodies that against the background of environmental disasters have come together and developed a series of tools legal and international vocation aimed at preventing and limiting the pollution of water resources. At intra-Community level, in order to prevent and limit the pollution of watercours...

The article is dedicated to the study of hydrometeorological parameters on a stationary oceanographic platform in the Black Sea. The research paper contains the description developed in the Marine Hydrophysical Institute?s complex for measuring meteorological parameters (wave height, wind speed and direction, free-air and sea temperature, barometric pressure, relative humidity). The measurements were carried out on a stationary oceanographic platform located in the coastal zone of the southern coast of Crimea at a...

Low impact development (LID) facilities are used to reduce the inflow of rainwater into the sewer network. Their use is welcome in highly urbanised areas where they decrease the network overloading during heavy rains. The aim of this paper is the implementation of LID facilities into the sewer network of the residential districts in cities. Subsequently, the assessment of their impact on network congestion at different load conditions will be done.

The paper has been prepared in accordance with the stipulations of the regulations in force issued by the Ministry of Waters, Forests and Environmental Protection of Romania. The objectives of this research were: the study of the physical changes resulting from the implementation of the water supply network, the analysis of potential sources of pollution of the main environmental factors, and the highlighting the impact on biodiversity of National Park ?Cheile Bicazului - Ha?ma??. These were achieved by: study of ...

The river is the consequential landscape ? forming element as it is rinsing and transporting the weakest rocks, scraping the bed and accumulating the sediment. During these processes in the river, diverse ecosystems are forming in various areas that provide habitats for a wide range of plant and animal species. In almost every river there is occurring a natural process as erosion. River erosion assessment should be considered in river management and included in management measures, as erosion can be determining fa...

The Russian Federation proposes to impose limits on use of polyphosphates (tripolyphospahte, phosphate compounds, and phosphor) in synthetic detergents in the Eurasian Economic Union. The primary reason for this proposition to make amendments into the EAEU countries legislation is a possible decrease in quality of natural water objects used as drinking water supply sources. When it comes to phosphor derivatives, this deterioration is caused by eutrophication. Analysis of hydrological and hydrochemical data reveale...

Water resources are vulnerable not only from climate change, but from many other socio-economic drivers of change. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ?Vulnerability is the degree, to which a system is susceptible to, or unable to cope with adverse effects of climate change, including climate variability and extremes?. When a trend towards decreased precipitation and runoff coincides with a trend towards higher water consumption or deteriorated water quality, then the given region or river b...

The town of Vidin is supplied by underground water sources through shallow and shaft wells of the ?Raney? type on the terrace of the Danube river. The main water source is located near the village of Slanotran, 12 km northeast of Vidin and consists of 4 wells with horizontal drainage rays, type ?Raney?. In recent years, has been operating mainly well 1(R-1), which is able to supply the required quantities of water for the ?Vidin? group. The annual amount of water supplied by ?Slanotran? pump station is about 7300 ...

The article presents limnological ecosystems environmental status assessment outcomes on the example of the investigated lakes of Ukraine, through the development and implementation of current information technologies. Approaches to the theoretical substantiation and experimental study of establishing the real spatial resolution of the Earth Remote Sensing (ERS) methods in the visible optical spectrum for limnological systems are proposed. The research is based on the use of information potential and the introduct...

The purpose of this study was to separate and subsequently investigate the lake governance developments within existing surface water resource governance system in Latvia by looking across all the three country administration levels, namely of the national, regional and municipal levels, in order to determine the actual state and main drawbacks of this step-wise developing lake governance system in Latvian. In this study, lake governance was systemized and characterized, taking note of what particular and eventual...

In order to properly manage water resources in a river basin, it is necessary to identify trends in the evolution of rivers flow. Long-term trends analysis for river flow in north eastern part of Romania is based on two different methods: non-parametric rank-based Mann?Kendall (MK) test and innovative trend analysis (ITA). These two methods were applied for 7 hydrometric stations located in river basins unaffected by hydro-technical works, with hydrological observations on the average flow for the period 1950-2017...

Determination of the maximal run off in the constantly changing urbanized territory often is very different compare to the natural conditions. There are many approaches to reflect the new conditions of flows formation including the extremes. Sometimes the level of urbanization is so quick that the conditions of flows formation could be altered in the frame of several years. The determination of the maximum flows is additionally complicated in case there is not a suitable hydrological monitoring network or a lack o...

The cartographic presentation of objects and phenomena of the real world requires their digital transformation. Space and geoinformation technologies are successfully used for the digital presentation of information about the state of spatial objects. This article describes the technology of digital processing medium resolution images, which ensures updating the vector contours of the coastline of water bodies in the territory being mapped using satellite data. The technology involves the following stages of image...

Ascent and submersion of algae depends on their density. As a result, algae find themselves in different conditions for solar radiation and temperature. The paper represents model of algae concentration during vegetative period both in upper mixed layer and in bottom layer for three types of algae depending on density. The model is based on research of water samples from various horizons obtained in the Gorky reservoir from 2014 to 2019. Samples were examined for the presence of algae using a microscope equipped w...

In thisstudy, the influence factor of the vertical movements of the earth's crust was taken into account. Such phenomena are strongly extended in time, but have a greater influence on the hydrographic network, for example, the closest example for the North-West of the Russian Plain is the transfer of runoff from Lake Ladoga from the Vuoksa River to the Neva River. Reconstruction scenarios of flow direction changing is important to improve the safety of the population and sustainable use of territories. The most im...

The research focused on hygienic assessment of surface and underground water sources used for centralized drinking water supply to RF population over the last 20 years. Official statistic data collected on sanitary situation in RF regions by Rosstat over 2000-2019 were used as a basic source of information. A database has been created; it contains more than 165 thousand data entries on 16 parameters describing surface and underground water sources used for centralized drinking water supply to population in 85 RF r...

Water purification is one of the most urgent tasks for solving global problems of fresh water supply and ecology. Special attention is paid to nanoporous membranes, which can be used to purify water from most of the pollutants, such as metal ions, organic molecules, salts and microbes. The development of highly effective nanoporous membranes for water purification is an extremely urgent task. Nanofiltration membranes made from 2D nanomaterials have a huge potential in desalting and purifying to the characteristics...

Recently, zeolites have attracted a significant interest due to their potential use in a wide range of applications related to water treatment and environmental remediation. The chemical and thermal treatments are the most used approaches to improve the zeolites properties by enhancement of sorption properties, surface area and porosity. Chemical (2M NaCl), thermal (150 °C for 24 h) and thermo-chemical (2M NaCl, 150 °C for 24 h) activation methods for a natural clinoptilolite based zeolite originated from Romania ...

The management of protected territories in Bulgaria is a subject to the Bulgarian and European environmental legislation. The used plans for management provide basic information on the condition of abiotic and biotic components of the natural environment in the protected territories and Guidelines for their management, control and conservation. The water resources with their specificity and dynamics of alteration are a major abiotic component that impacts on functioning, development and conservation of ecosystems ...

Drinking water is one of the critical resources, but still not accessible to everyone. In case of a crisis event, this state can even worsen depending on the manner of the crisis event. Therefore, it is important to protect drinking water resources and monitor activities that can threaten the safety of drinking water e. g. industrial, agricultural activities, building of technical infrastructure or insufficient management of water facilities etc. Although there has not been in-depth research, there is evidence of ...

By building artificial landscape elements, significant changes occur in the spatial structure of the city. The intensification of the formation of paved surface changes the hydrological characteristics of the area. Impermeable surface prevents the penetration of atmospheric waters into the soil horizon, which causes an increase in the volume of runoff, flood peak, and pollution loads in urban stormwater. As a consequence of this phenomenon, during heavy rains, a critical part of the city may be flooded. To reduce ...

Water crises have become more and more frequent in recent years. In fact, the ongoing climate changes have led very often to periods of drought, which, together with the increasing of groundwater exploitation, leads to a depletion of thess resources, which are fundamental for human life. Most of the most important springs, in the world, are located in karst areas. Specifically, for a large part of the Mediterranean region, karst springs play an essential role in water supply systems. The quantitative analysis of k...

With the economic development of the European seas and rivers, there was a sharp increase in demand for services and transport. Maritime transport is one of the least expensive methods of transport, unlike road, rail or air transport and has a number of advantages in terms of the size of the goods transported and the increased safety of freight transport. Many of the sea routes have among their destinations river ports, which hold a large part of the year traffic of ships. In the European waters we find a diversit...

Stormwater presents a significant problem in urban areas, especially in large cities. The intensified formation of impermeable surface leads to suppressing permeable-vegetation areas and, subsequently, substantial changes in the area's hydrological, environmental, and ecological characteristics. By changing the city's spatial structure, there may be an increase in flood peak, volume of runoff, and rising pollution in urban stormwater. As a result of this phenomenon, the aquatic environment can be degraded by chang...

Saline lakes located on the territory of Kulunda lowlands with semi-arid climate are unique ecosystems, geochemical features of which are constantly under the pressure of intense evaporation. Their hydrological and chemical balance, however, strongly depend on inflow from rainfalls, groundwaters and rivers. Surface and groundwaters of Kulunda lowland are formed under the influence of soda salinization and are characterized by an alkaline environment. The salinity often exceeds 1 g/L and can reach 2.5 g/L. Major io...

Anthropogenic activities disrupt hydrological regime (e.g. lake water level, river flow), and water quality changes due to pollution and affect ecosystems by disrupting the cycles of substances and water cycle. The composition of natural surface waters can be altered for a many reasons, for instance climatic, geographic as well as anthropogenic. Agriculture depends on a use of fertilizers, a use of pesticides, and a transport which turn agricultural land into a nonpoint source of surface water pollution. The agglo...

The paper applies the concept of bankfull discharge for a mountainous anthropized (both in terms of channel, floodplain, and catchment) river: Bistricioara river, Eastern Carpathians, Romania. A review of the literature is done, and several methods are chosen, both based on gauge data and on fieldwork measurements: discharge frequency, hydraulic geometry, and the Gauckler?Manning formula. The resulting discharges are compared to the historical gauge data and are correlated to the long-term channel topography varia...

The majority of the rivers in Kazakhstan can be characterized as plain and lowland type. The flow in such rivers is uneven both within the year and over the years. In order to regulate this variability, to conserve water resources as well as to provide water for domestic use the reservoirs have been built. In Kazakhstan, there are 43 large on stream and valley reservoirs on 33 rivers, half of which are on plain, lowland rivers. One of such reservoirs, Astana reservoir is studied in this paper. It is situated on th...

The evaluation of organoleptic parameters of Adjara Coastline Waters of the Black Sea Basin is carried, their multi-element composition is identified. The organoleptic and toxicological parameters of Clupea harengus and Trachurus mediterraneus inhabiting in these waters are determined. The research subjects are the waters of coastline of River Chorokhi confluence at the Black Sea and deep waters of the same location (Gonio Settlement, Active fishing zone) where research materials were taken from. According to rese...

Climatic conditions have significantly changed over the last decades. In the middle latitude, the annual precipitation total does not change significantly, but precipitation is unevenly distributed throughout the year. The aim of the research is to investigate the effects of climatic conditions on the dendrological changes of the Royal walnut (Juglans Regia L. var. Chandler) in the period from July to November 2020 in the conditions of the middle latitude of southern Slovakia. This area is characterized by intensi...

As a result of increasing concentrations of total nitrogen and total phosphorus, surface water chemical pollution and eutrophication is a problem of raising concern worldwide. Chemical quality of surface water gives an impression about different geochemical, geological, hydrological and biological processes, as well as intensity of anthropogenic load in river catchment area. The total length of Svete River is 123 kilometres, of which 75 kilometres are in the territory of Latvia. Main part of river?s drainage basin...

The article analyses geological, climatic, hydrological conditions of formation of the unique thermal regime of the nonfreezing river Ilet and its right tributary Yushoot, located mainly on the territory of the national park Mary Chodra of the republic of Mary El, RF. For a number of years the hydrological character of these rivers, their water and speed rate have been researched, with special attention paid to numerous underground sources of water, their chemical composition and temperature. The flow rate of the ...

The article analyses the current state of flood protection of the urban area in the foothill region. Problems of the area were characterized through selected critical points that support the local flood origination. Of course, the flood is a random phenomenon and its behaviour depends on many other factors, such as soil saturation, vegetation cover, river bed channel current state, as well as drainage cuts, soil management, etc. For efficient design of the flood protection measures, it is necessary to have input d...

Zooplankton organisms are widely used as indicators of ecosystem changes (Adrian et al., 2009, Nigamatzyanova G., Frolova L., 2017). Both zooplankton and nutrients play an important role in monitoring and assessing water quality by greatly contributing to biological productivity (Vinberg,1960). In the current study, we examined water quality of different types of water bodies of Ob and Erkuta river basins, based on the analysis of zooplankton communities and the concentration of nutrients. 72 species of zooplankto...

Objects of geological heritage of international level are located in the Nizhny Novgorod region. This is the Puchezh-Katunki impact crater of an early Jurassic age, the Bathonian-Callovian deposits of the Jurassic system near the settlement of Prosek on the banks of the Volga and karst lakes and caves in the basin of Pyana and Tyosha rivers. A water induced risk assessment was carried out to include it in application for aspiring UNESCO Geoparks network. The assessment includes the risk of landslides, abrasion of ...

The article deals with the analysis of the filling quantity of the available soil water storage (in depth of 0 ? 30 cm) on the protected soil resources only in arable land of the Zitava river catchment (Slovakia). The filling quantity of available soil water storage is expressed by the ratio between the currently available soil water storage and the potentially available soil water storage. The filling quantity of available soil water storage in protected soil resources in the territory was analysed in two years, ...

There are many potential pollution sources for contamination of farmed tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) along with the production chain. Sex reverse hormone practices for production monosex tilapia is the dominant procedures done in the field. The efficiency of cultivation with brackish water was investigated in the base of tissue fine elements and fry production. Results showed that, no significant differences between harvested sex reverse females were found for different water resources. The cultured tissues of b...

It is important to gain a better understanding regarding the effect of frequent drought stress on biochemical and physiological processes in plants as well as on the plant population and community in ecosystem. One method of early detection and monitoring of water stress is by measuring the diameter changes of the stem using dendrometers. They can be used to determine not only the annual thickness growth, but also the distribution of the growth and the rate of expansion and shrinkage of the wood and bark during th...

In case of the strong earthquake offshore Japan, tsunami wave approaches the nearest coast in approximately 20 minutes. So, time required for evaluation of tsunami danger is the key parameter for any warning system. The authors propose to determine the parameters of initial sea surface displacement at tsunami source (initial data to simulate numerically wave propagation) by a part of the measured tsunami wave time series until the first maximum. This is a clear and easy to apply stop criterium. Determination of th...

Climate-change scenarios all around the world indicate that many areas of the globe will increase in aridity. Plants need a large amount of water and nutrients throughout their life cycle and all aspects of plant development are affected by a reduction in water content in the soil. This reduction in soil moisture leads to changes in the physical environment, which subsequently affect physiological and biochemical processes in plants. Based on sap flow measurements, it is possible to optimize irrigation. For our ex...