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Substances of petroleum origin that reach groundwater limit water use and can have irreversible effects on ecosystems interacting with them. Quantitative changes in groundwater and synergistic effects generated by petroleum products on ecosystems can be objectively quantified based on a scenario for the transport of pollutants concentrations through the aquifer. In this sense, with the help of mathematical models, the research estimates the spatial and temporal dimension of a possible accidental pollution by petro...

Water ecosystems of Arctic region are most vulnerable to modern climatic changes, since global biogeochemical processes mostly occur on territories of permafrost zone. This work gives new insights into fundamental research question of how fast organic matter of thawing permafrost can be converted to greenhouse gases which are emitted into the atmosphere (for example, CH4). We aimed to identify microbial response and associated release of CH4 from Arctic lakes in response to temperature increase. We investigated la...

The paper studies theoretical and experimental issues of improving scour protection facilities of oil trunk line underwater passages. External influences on the stability of oil trunk line underwater passages were analyzed. Based on the analysis results, the impact of hydraulic processes on riverbed deformations in the underwater passage of the Surgut-Polotsk oil trunk line was evaluated. Also automated calculations of hydraulic and riverbed effects of the bottom soil scour in the Mathcad application environment w...

Flash flood is a very dangerous type of flood that can happen with little or no warning. The flash floods becoming more frequent in the territory of the Slovak Republic, typically for last decades in Central Europe. The number of responses of regional Fire & Rescue Corps connected to the flash floods is very high nowadays. Extreme weather fluctuations due to climate change are threatening drinking water sources as well as new types of natural threats. Severe storms and tornadoes are expected to occur more frequent...

Water quality was investigated in Lake Matita, part of the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve, Romania, to assess the overall status of the freshwater ecosystem, in accordance with the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD ? 2000/60/EC), which addresses all surface waters i.e., rivers, lakes, transitional waters and coastal waters in the EU. From this perspective, a specific physical and chemical analysis of surface water samples was performed, collected in different sectors of the lake, during the summer of June 2020. Se...

Applicability of rainfall-runoff models to the river conditions in temperate climate is tested. Different deterministic models were examined with distributed and semi-distributed parameters. Finally, two models have been selected from US Army Corps of Engineers - Hydrologic Engineering Centre: HEC-GeoHydrological Modeling System (HEC-GeoHMS) and HEC-Hydrological Modeling System (HEC-HMS). Hydrological study for selected Bulgarian watershed is presented. The populated and urbanized area of Yantra River basin is con...

This article presents the results of studies of the hydrodynamical and sedimentological conditions of the Sulina Channel, the middle distributary of the Danube within its delta. One field campaign (at low waters) in September 2019 was conducted to analyse the geometry, the sediment composition and hydraulic conditions of the channel. During the field campaign, the measured water mean velocity was from v = 0.01?0.54 m.s-1 for a water discharge (measured upstream, at the bifurcation, knot Ceatal St. George) of 698 m...

The incidence of extreme rainfall has increased in recent decades. This negative impact of climate change also calls attention to when dealing with the recovery and reconstruction of sewer networks. Slovak cities have built a combined sewer network, which in the event of heavy rainfall, is not able to fulfill their primary function. The pipes are not able to carry the large volume of mixed wastewater, and network overload occurs. This paper focuses on the assessment of individual collectors of the sewerage network...

The updating of the used inflow data to the reservoirs from Annex 1 of the Water Act has been developed for the needs of the Ministry of Environment and Water (MoEW) and for the annual schedules of their water use. Monthly inflow with a certain probability of exceedance (PE - 50%, 75%, 95%) were estimated. The results of the development are uploaded to the MoEW website(https://www.moew.government.bg).In the report are presented and new unpublished results of the annual security assessments - annually inflows with ...

Measured sediment concentration records are important information to support water management activities. However, for various reasons, these time series could be incomplete. This paper contains options for modelling the concentrations of suspended sediments when unmeasured periods occurs. Using of various modelling strategies for is discussed and some statistical and machine learning methods are selected for this task. The results show a significant increase in the accuracy of modelling the concentration of suspe...

Increased pollution of water resources leads to a deterioration of surface water and groundwater quality, and it initiates the application of various methods for water treatment. Adsorption on a suitable adsorption material is the most frequently used methods in water treatment. Adsorption processes are based on the adsorption of contaminants on the surface of an adsorption material. The molecules of the contaminant pass from the water environment to the solid adsorbent. Oxides, oxyhydroxides and hydroxide contain...

The territory of the North-Western Pryazovie is adjacent to the northern coast of the Sea of Azov. There are 14 rivers flowing through the territory of the North-Western Priazovie with a total length of 944.1 km and a water intake area of 10.613 km2. Territorially, the river network of the Sea of Azov can be divided into two parts: western and eastern, which differ from each other in the structure of the surface, climatic conditions and the nature of the hydrological regime. The rivers of the North-Western Pryazov...

The demographic load on the Volga River beaches in the Cheboksary urban district (Russia) significantly exceeds their maximum demographic capacity. This happens, first of all, due to the ?improper distribution? of holidaymakers between the beaches of the right and left banks of the Volga River. The ?improper distribution? of the holidaymakers is caused by the unjustifiably high cost of time, financial expenses that holidaymakers incur when visiting left-bank beaches. It is necessary either to significantly expand ...

Hydropower plants still hold globally the first position among the renewable resources in the production of electricity. They are one of the most environment-friendly way to generate electricity and thus waterpower is considered as a renewable resource with good prospects. A disadvantage of producing electricity from renewable resources is its problematic storage. Nevertheless, the water sources have a way to store electricity by water accumulation in the reservoir. This principle is used especially by the pumped ...

Intensification of agriculture in order to increase efficiency and economic profitability brings about an increase in the input of foreign substances into the soil and surface water. The outflow of mineral fertilizers and pesticide residues can have a negative effect on organisms in the environment. High doses of fertilizers and pesticides also harm the quality of surface water, which is used for drinking water production. As a part of the research of a small sub-mountain agricultural catchment area, the specific ...

In the Danube delta, on the Sulina Channel, the morphology and bedforms characteristics have been investigated. 3D bathymetry, flow velocity, and bed sediments data have been acquired, in order to investigate the dynamic of the bedforms, the distribution of the water, and their influence against the river bed. A single observation (in May 2019) was made regarding the geometry, sediment composition and hydraulic conditions under which the dunes grew and decomposed. The investigation focuses here mostly on the geome...

This article is based on the results of studying the dynamics of long-term fluctuations in the flow of spring floods of the Don and Dnieper river basins in the territory of the Belgorod Region in the period 1968?2018. The object of the study are the maximum water discharges during the spring flood on the Tikhaya Sosna river near the town of Alekseevka (right tributary of the Don river) and Vorskla river near the village of Kozinka (left tributary of the Dnieper river). These rivers were chosen as objects of study ...

This report provides the findings of analysis intended to determine the reasons for the hydrogen sulfide formation in anaerobic conditions of urban sewage systems. The studies have shown that the technogenic content of sulphates in urban networks and the presence of organic components in wastewater lead to the formation and release of hydrogen sulfide into the atmosphere. Various methods of hydrogen sulfide removal from wastewater have been analyzed. The authors of the report have developed a complex alumina-ferro...

The methodology of sustainable forecasting of runoff and diagnosing bifurcations of its formation, being considered in the article, allows solving fundamentally new hydrological problems (including problems of engineering hydrology) related to the possibility of obtaining long-term estimates of the probabilistic characteristics of long-term river runoff under the conditions of evolutionary changes in the runoff formation factors (climate and anthropogenic activity on catchments). Currently, these long-term estimat...

The review of methods and devices for measuring of the raindrops sizes is considered in the article. A brief classification of the main groups of methods and devices for measuring of raindrop diameters is proposed. These materials could be useful in the development and selection of methods for analysis the characteristics of natural rains and artificial rains which are created by sprinkler machines. It is noted that all existing methods can be conditionally divided into the following groups: direct, indirect, opti...

This paper describes the IFIM method (Instream Flow Incremental Methodology) for determining the minimum discharge, which, in addition to hydrological parameters, takes hydraulic, morphological and ichthyic parameters into account as well. The basic principle of the method is the relationship between the fish population and its habitat, i.e. that most of the fish species prefer certain combinations of depths, stream velocities and bed materials. If the values for a species living in the section of the river invest...

We studied a scour in a drainage canal of the Cheboksary hydrosystem tailrace on the Volga river. To protect the hydrosystem tailrace from scouring, we proposed flexible stream-guiding grids that are installed in the stream and effectively affect its kinematics in the bottom area. We calculated in MathCad a system of vortices that occur when the flow runs against adjacent plates of a grid. Due to the replacement of flexible elements of a grid with flat plates that divide the flow into separate jets, it became poss...

Danube is part of the Rhine / Meuse - Main - Danube priority axis, being the second longest river in Europe. Danube is an important international river route, flowing through 10 countries: Germany, Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, Croatia, Serbia, Romania, Bulgaria, Moldova and Ukraine. Most of the Danube, 28.9%, stretches over the territory of Romania. In the rest of the countries where the Danube arrives, they have much lower percentages. It collects most of the Romanian rivers, except some from Dobrogea, that are ca...

The paper deals with the actual flood risk assessment in Slovak Republic. The recent history of massive floods within the territory of Slovak Republic and their character is described as well as the latest flood and changing character of the flood causes. It is usually a natural disaster that occurs due to sudden or unexpected changes in the meteorological situation. A brief description of the crisis management bodies with focus on the major responsibilities of the Fire & Rescue Corps within the current Act on Flo...

The purpose of research is to study the joint influence of climatic and biological factors on materials in the mixing zone of river and seawaters in the mouth area of the Don River. In December 2018, studies began on the dynamics of settling of fouling organisms on experimental plates (aluminum alloys of grades AMg6 and D16 and carbon steels of grades 30HGSA and St3) in full-scale climatic tests in the mixing zone of river and seawaters at two stations (St.1 & St.2) in the mouth area of the Don River. The control ...

Jurisprudence and international cooperation in the field of pollution of international and regional watercourses have registered over time a rapid evolution if we refer to the documents issued by international and regional bodies that against the background of environmental disasters have come together and developed a series of tools legal and international vocation aimed at preventing and limiting the pollution of water resources. At intra-Community level, in order to prevent and limit the pollution of watercours...

This work provides justification of the opinion that over the past historic periods natural resource management did not cause serious damage to the environment. The recent epoch differs from the previous ones in a large set of natural resource management types and inter se in the presence of environmental management systems to transform the landscape sphere. In particular, the article examines the mining complex impact on the structure of natural (landscape; hydro-geological; environmental) resources. The purpose ...

In the Ropazu district at Latvia, a set of dolomite excavation quarries is located. Because the quarries must by drained by pumping out groundwater, depression cones appear in the quarry areas and around them. The research targets were investigation of the interaction between the quarries, evaluation of adverse changes caused by them in the groundwater regimes of the nature reserve wetland area «Lielie Kangari» and in flows of hydrographical network. The research was carried out by applying the hydrogeological mod...

The Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve (DDBR) covers around 580,000 hectares, where the waters of the Danube enter the Black Sea. It is the second largest and the best preserved of Europe?s deltas; its dynamic, relatively wild ecosystem supports a rich diversity of wetland habitats, numerous lakes, ponds and over 330 species of birds and 45 species of freshwater fish [1]. The region has a long history and the DDBR includes a number of Iron Age fortified sites, remnants of Greek and Roman settlements, and early Christi...

The article is dedicated to the study of hydrometeorological parameters on a stationary oceanographic platform in the Black Sea. The research paper contains the description developed in the Marine Hydrophysical Institute?s complex for measuring meteorological parameters (wave height, wind speed and direction, free-air and sea temperature, barometric pressure, relative humidity). The measurements were carried out on a stationary oceanographic platform located in the coastal zone of the southern coast of Crimea at a...

Low impact development (LID) facilities are used to reduce the inflow of rainwater into the sewer network. Their use is welcome in highly urbanised areas where they decrease the network overloading during heavy rains. The aim of this paper is the implementation of LID facilities into the sewer network of the residential districts in cities. Subsequently, the assessment of their impact on network congestion at different load conditions will be done.

The paper has been prepared in accordance with the stipulations of the regulations in force issued by the Ministry of Waters, Forests and Environmental Protection of Romania. The objectives of this research were: the study of the physical changes resulting from the implementation of the water supply network, the analysis of potential sources of pollution of the main environmental factors, and the highlighting the impact on biodiversity of National Park ?Cheile Bicazului - Ha?ma??. These were achieved by: study of ...

The river is the consequential landscape ? forming element as it is rinsing and transporting the weakest rocks, scraping the bed and accumulating the sediment. During these processes in the river, diverse ecosystems are forming in various areas that provide habitats for a wide range of plant and animal species. In almost every river there is occurring a natural process as erosion. River erosion assessment should be considered in river management and included in management measures, as erosion can be determining fa...

The Russian Federation proposes to impose limits on use of polyphosphates (tripolyphospahte, phosphate compounds, and phosphor) in synthetic detergents in the Eurasian Economic Union. The primary reason for this proposition to make amendments into the EAEU countries legislation is a possible decrease in quality of natural water objects used as drinking water supply sources. When it comes to phosphor derivatives, this deterioration is caused by eutrophication. Analysis of hydrological and hydrochemical data reveale...

Reservoirs are important hydraulic infrastructure for water use and flood control. Their impact on the hydrological regime of rivers downstream is significant. Accurate and reliable forecasting of flows in the rivers below the reservoirs is very important in cases of extreme meteorological events (heavy rains) for flood mitigation. The evolution of physically based hydrological models in recent years significantly improved the ability to describe and represent the hydrological processes at a basin scale. This pape...

Water resources are vulnerable not only from climate change, but from many other socio-economic drivers of change. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ?Vulnerability is the degree, to which a system is susceptible to, or unable to cope with adverse effects of climate change, including climate variability and extremes?. When a trend towards decreased precipitation and runoff coincides with a trend towards higher water consumption or deteriorated water quality, then the given region or river b...

The article considers the solving the problem arising at the mathematical modeling of hydrological processes, namely, the problem of the number of phase variables taken into account in the model. The number of variables in the model can change depending on the climate. The fractal dimension characterizes required number of variables. In the article the results of applying the established regularity of the influence of the long-term norm of surface air temperature on the fractal dimensionality of the annual runoff ...

The town of Vidin is supplied by underground water sources through shallow and shaft wells of the ?Raney? type on the terrace of the Danube river. The main water source is located near the village of Slanotran, 12 km northeast of Vidin and consists of 4 wells with horizontal drainage rays, type ?Raney?. In recent years, has been operating mainly well 1(R-1), which is able to supply the required quantities of water for the ?Vidin? group. The annual amount of water supplied by ?Slanotran? pump station is about 7300 ...

In the last years, Romania has suffered large-scale flooding with large areas of land affected by floods, causing major infrastructure damage and leaving behind a significant number of deaths. Climate change and the high frequency of dangerous hydrometeorological phenomena manifested by torrential rains of special intensity produce flash-flood on watercourses due to the rapid concentration of leakage on slopes. These phenomena characterize the vast majority of river basins in Galati County. The pilot area chosen f...

The article presents limnological ecosystems environmental status assessment outcomes on the example of the investigated lakes of Ukraine, through the development and implementation of current information technologies. Approaches to the theoretical substantiation and experimental study of establishing the real spatial resolution of the Earth Remote Sensing (ERS) methods in the visible optical spectrum for limnological systems are proposed. The research is based on the use of information potential and the introduct...

Nearly 20 years have passed since the European Community implemented the European Directives on water management. Its main directions are the achievement of good water quality and the implementation of water management principles. In Georgia, this process has been underway already for 3 years. The country's territory is divided into 6 basin areas. One of them is the Rioni River basin, whose area is 13,000 km2 with up to 700 rivers. In addition, there are reservoirs and a system of irrigation canals. In the downstr...

The purpose of this study was to separate and subsequently investigate the lake governance developments within existing surface water resource governance system in Latvia by looking across all the three country administration levels, namely of the national, regional and municipal levels, in order to determine the actual state and main drawbacks of this step-wise developing lake governance system in Latvian. In this study, lake governance was systemized and characterized, taking note of what particular and eventual...

In order to properly manage water resources in a river basin, it is necessary to identify trends in the evolution of rivers flow. Long-term trends analysis for river flow in north eastern part of Romania is based on two different methods: non-parametric rank-based Mann?Kendall (MK) test and innovative trend analysis (ITA). These two methods were applied for 7 hydrometric stations located in river basins unaffected by hydro-technical works, with hydrological observations on the average flow for the period 1950-2017...

Determination of the maximal run off in the constantly changing urbanized territory often is very different compare to the natural conditions. There are many approaches to reflect the new conditions of flows formation including the extremes. Sometimes the level of urbanization is so quick that the conditions of flows formation could be altered in the frame of several years. The determination of the maximum flows is additionally complicated in case there is not a suitable hydrological monitoring network or a lack o...

The cartographic presentation of objects and phenomena of the real world requires their digital transformation. Space and geoinformation technologies are successfully used for the digital presentation of information about the state of spatial objects. This article describes the technology of digital processing medium resolution images, which ensures updating the vector contours of the coastline of water bodies in the territory being mapped using satellite data. The technology involves the following stages of image...

Ascent and submersion of algae depends on their density. As a result, algae find themselves in different conditions for solar radiation and temperature. The paper represents model of algae concentration during vegetative period both in upper mixed layer and in bottom layer for three types of algae depending on density. The model is based on research of water samples from various horizons obtained in the Gorky reservoir from 2014 to 2019. Samples were examined for the presence of algae using a microscope equipped w...

The hydrological processes are very complex and the hydrological and hydraulic models are the main components of the flood forecasting and warning systems. They identify the dominant hydrological processes which influence water balance and result in conditions of extreme hydrological events. A variety of hydrological models exist nowadays. In this study the physically-based, fully distributed hydrological TOPKAPI (TOPographic Kinematic APproximation and Integration) model was applied on Aytoska river catchment. Th...

In thisstudy, the influence factor of the vertical movements of the earth's crust was taken into account. Such phenomena are strongly extended in time, but have a greater influence on the hydrographic network, for example, the closest example for the North-West of the Russian Plain is the transfer of runoff from Lake Ladoga from the Vuoksa River to the Neva River. Reconstruction scenarios of flow direction changing is important to improve the safety of the population and sustainable use of territories. The most im...

The climate in Latvia is moderately warm and humid. To provide optimal groundwater heads (levels) for plant and tree growth, agricultural and forest melioration systems (AMS and FMS) have been set up in many places. Reconstruction of the FMS ?Zamelu-Tisu mezs? will be carried out. To assess the reconstruction impact, hydrogeological and hydrological conditions in and around the FMS territory were studied. To accomplish this task, specialists of Riga Technical University for the study area developed and used the lo...

The research focused on hygienic assessment of surface and underground water sources used for centralized drinking water supply to RF population over the last 20 years. Official statistic data collected on sanitary situation in RF regions by Rosstat over 2000-2019 were used as a basic source of information. A database has been created; it contains more than 165 thousand data entries on 16 parameters describing surface and underground water sources used for centralized drinking water supply to population in 85 RF r...