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In the early 80-ies near the village of Shantobe, Akmola region, a heap leaching manufactory was built. Since 1985, the manufactory processes productive solutions, and the commercial product of the manufactory is a regenerate containing up to 40.0 g / l of uranium. This product is processed at the mining and smelting factory (SMCC) in the city of Stepnogorsk to produce U3O8 uranium oxide. The share of heap leaching accounts for 25.0% of uranium according to control No. 1. But, in connection with the difficulty of ...

In addition to general information about corundum, the work addressed questions about the material composition of corundum-containing ores in Karelia and the degree of their knowledge. Using the corundum as an example of the Khitostrov deposit, the interrelation of the strength characteristics with such factors as crystal morphology, fracturing, and the presence of mineral inclusions has been studied. The technologies of extraction and disintegration of corundum using mechanical, thermal and chemical methods of we...

The slag formation is a complex process consisting of several stages. There is the formation of liquid slag from individual batch materials. In the production of steel, the slag mode is chosen according to the type of apparatus, the type of processed pig iron and steel scrap, and the requirements for the grades of the steel produced. The paper focuses exclusively on primary slags from the steelmaking process in the oxygen converter. The amount of oxygen converter is about 120-150 kg per tonne of crude steel produc...

Froth flotation process has shown superiority in processing of many low-grade ores including iron ores. However, there is need to continue developing cheap, more selective and environmentally friendly reagents. Due to the shortage of high-grade iron ores, many companies in South Africa and other countries are currently working on the beneficiation of low-grade ores and retreatment of tailings. In this paper, the performance of Macadamia oil as a frother on the flotation of low-grade iron ore was investigated. The ...

Upper Jurassic deposits on the territory of the Tatarstan Republic are represented by the coastal-marine, terrigenous complex. In its composition, the predominant rocks are dark gray calcareous clays, among which lie thick (up to 5.0 m) layers of combustible shale and thin (up to 1.0 m) layers of silt and sandstones with signs of wave ripples. All the rocks of the complex contain inclusions of authigenic pyrite (1?4%). Jurassic sediments on the Middle Volga did not experience deep dives. Their diagenesis ended at ...

Problems and prospects of gold mining development and organizational actions to increase the economic efficiency of gold?s production in Russia are considered. Also, are proposed the methods of extracting gold from gold-bearing dumps using modern geotechnologies, reducing the cost of its extraction from the rock dumps. An important factor in the development of geotechnologies in Russia as a whole is undoubtedly the use of scientific potential for developing efficient and ecologically friendly technologies of heap ...

Oil deposits in Bashkirian strata regionally oil-saturated, within the Volga-Ural oil and gas bearing province. They contain up to 30% of hydrocarbon reserves. Bashkirian strata are represented by carbonate complexes of various lithological type. Only packstone and grainstone have properties of oil-saturated reservoirs, mudstone and wackestone are dense rocks. A characteristic feature of the Bashkirian carbonates is the wide presence of stylolites filled by greenish-gray clay minerals. It is known, that hydrocarbo...

To obtain a chromite concentrate with an acceptable silica content, it is very promising to apply the method of hydrochemical enrichment, which will make it possible to develop waste-free technology for leaching chromite ores and reduce the silica content in chromite concentrates. Before hydrochemical processing, it is advisable to apply the technology of gravity concentration. Modern gravity enrichment technologies make it possible to efficiently produce chromium concentrates from large and medium fractions of ch...

Processing of weathered material from UG2 ore for recovery of Platinum group minerals (PGMs) is a challenging task due to poor recoveries and high chromite grade in the flotation concentrates. The flotation behaviour of the weathered and non-weathered ores of Middle Group 4 (MG 4) was investigated at different mining pit depths using sodium isobutyl xanthate as a collector, Sendep 30D as depressant and Senfroth 200 as a frother. The milling tests work were conducted prior to flotation. The results depicted that, t...

To date, titanium and magnesium production is based on chlorine technology, which, for all its merits, is characterized by a high level of formation of industrial products and waste. In particular, ?Ust-Kamenogorsk Titanium and Magnesium Plant? JSC annually produces 30?35 thousand tons of solid chloride wastes, which contain 700?1400 tons of titanium oxide. Part of titanium chloride waste is leached with water and neutralized with calcium hydroxide to pH 7-8.5. The resulting pulp pumps are pumped into sludge colle...

This paper discusses the results from a complex laboratory studies, carried out on the lead-zinc ore from Madan ore field deposits. The Pb-Zn ore is currently processed in Rudozem concentrator, involving a sequence of three stage crushing, followed by ball mill grinding and selective lead-zinc flotation circuit. Two properties from the laboratory grinding tests were investigated: mineral liberation characteristics (batch grinding tests) and Bond ball mill work index (kWh/t). In order to determine the correlation b...

The paper presents the results of studying the technological properties of vein quartz Girvas occurrence. The mineralogical and chemical composition of the technological samples are analyzed. The distribution and composition of mineral impurities, gas-liquid inclusions in quartz are studied. When developing a deep beneficiation scheme, quartz grain sizes were selected based on the experience of enrichment of vein quartz, the size and composition of mineral impurities. Enriched quartz concentrate with a particle si...

Mineralogical and geochemical features of ores played an important role in typification of gold mineralization of the Verkhneamginskiy area, which includes the Khatyrkhay and Khokhoy ore fields. Association of elements is represented by Au, Ag, Cu, Bi in the Khatyrkhay ore field. The mineral composition of ores - pyrite, hematite, chalcopyrite, tellurobismuthite, less common - native gold, galena, sphalerite, bornite, greenockite, hessite, tennantite, bournonite. Supergene minerals are goethite, hydrogoethite, cov...

During High Carbon Ferromanganese production as well as other reduction processes, the chemical composition of the feed plays a crucial role on the quality of the products. It is believed that the reduction from high manganese oxides to their lower oxides during HCFeMn production, the transitional phases that form in the prereduction zone and reduction zone are very influential on the coke-bed zone behavior. Data on acidic manganese ores use are available. However, on the basic manganese ores especially the South ...

Investigations on coke-bed relations with acidic manganese ores have been reported number of times. The correlation between the mineralogy, property, reactivity of the ore and the products during the production of high carbon ferromanganese have been reported. A theoretical study has proven that the energy consumption of different basic South African manganese ores were very dependent on the chemical composition of the feed. This has a direct impact on the phases that form in the prereduction, reduction and conseq...

Due to depletion of high-grade ores, high cost of mining and environmental issues, many mines have reverted to retreatment of slags. The recovery of Nickel from reverberatory furnace slag using sulfurization and flotation was studied. Critical parameters such as sulfurization temperature, sulfurization agent (Gypsum containing 86.87% CaSO4) dosage and time were investigated for the sulfurization process and effect of collector type and dosage, pH, particle size and flotation time for the flotation process. It was ...

Rare earth metals is a special group consisting of 17 elements (15 lanthanides, yttrium and scandium), with resembling chemical and some of the physical properties. Because of their unique properties, rare earth metals are widely used in various high-tech industries, e.g. metallurgy, electronics, optics, ceramics, medicine and many others. Growth in demand for rare earth metals intensified by scarcity of their rich mineral deposits is forcing researchers to look for new sources of raw materials for production of r...

It has been observed that during high carbon ferromanganese using South African ores, some practices do not find an easy answer from the theory and vice-versa. It has therefore become important to study under different reducing conditions what paths does the slag go through while forming during reduction in order to better understand its formation while higher manganese oxides are being reduced. The carbon monoxide gas amount and availability in a specific zone albeit its origin is influential and explanatory towa...

Urolithiasis is one of the most frequent urologic diseases and occurs in at least 1?3% of the population, and most often in people of working age (20?50 years old). This disease is characterized by the formation and progressive growth of pathogenic mineral formations - urological (urinary) stones in the abdominal system of the kidneys, their possible migration through the urinary tract, which leads to hemo - and urodynamic disorders, the emergence and progression of inflammatory, sclerotic complications. The recog...

The article presents research on kinetics of sinter reduction used as a charge in the process of simultaneous smelting of zinc and lead, commonly known as Imperial Smelting Process. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of reductivity of various sinters produced from sulphide raw materials and from waste oxides on the operation of a shaft furnace. Real sinter samples from the sinter plant operating at the ISF furnace were collected for the experiment. The experiment was carried out in a resistance furna...

The treatment of model solutions containing Fe(II), Mn(II) and Ce(III) salts in the range of metal ions concentrations of 20-500 mg/dm3 was carried out at the laboratory set of water purification by low-temperature plasma discharge during the registration of changes in the Red-Ox potential and pH of solutions, the ions concentration and the emission discharge spectrum. The ions concentration was measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The characteristic of discharge was measured with the methods of emission sp...

The production of electricity and heat is based on a number of fuels, with fossil fuels being the most widely used fuels at present. Electricity is mainly produced by generating steam in boilers for the combustion of sorted fuel and feeding it to the turbine that drives the generator. Combustion plants are operated on demand and energy demand, either as large utility plants or as industrial combustion plants providing power in the form of electricity, mechanical energy, steam or heat for industrial production proc...

Steel industry has a huge impact on the environment and the air, in particular, producing thousands of tons of gases, including blast furnace gas, gases from oxygen converter processes, coke industry gases, ferroalloy industry gases. Due to this fact, the removal of gas impurities is essential nowadays. In this paper we did the literary analysis of how to remove sulfur impurities from air emissions using different types of sorbing agents. This paper contains the researches about sorption of impurities using zeolit...

AkzoNobel?s (now Nouryon) reagents from the class of alkylhydroxamic acids were assessed as collectors to float the titanium-based perovskite minerals. Hydroxamic acids can form strong complex compounds of various structures with transiting metals, which leads to their widespread use not only in analytical chemistry, but also in mineral processing. In the series of reagents under study, in addition to the traditional octyl-hydroxamic acid, we considered hydroxamic acids obtained from natural raw materials and diff...

In technical literature many specialized scientific materials are available which treat the elimination of solids and oil from water injection, the newest approaches being oriented towards the process with low power consumption as with most modern facilities in order to improve the available technologies. For groundwater, the analyzes that are carried out are to determine the degree of pollution with liquid or gaseous petroleum products. The natural state of the underground water is influenced by the characteristi...

Tailings embankments are part of the legacy left by the intensive mining industry. These vast impoundment storages are associated with some adverse environmental and social impacts creating insecurity to the stakeholders. Mining tailings may also be a source of minerals with high grades. Reprocessing techniques may be used as an alternative solution to recover some metals and to rehabilitate these sites. A sustainable reprocessing project commits to integrated management of threefold dimension objective: economic ...

In recent years we have observed a rapid increase in the demand for rare earth elements (REEs), related to industry intensive development in the field of new technologies. The biggest producer of REEs is China, which provides global markets with more than 83% of the whole amount of rare earth elements. It is worth mentioning that China has access to rich deposits of REEs, accounting for ca 37% of these metals resources available all over the world. For this reason, alternative possibilities to obtain rare earth el...

Mineral processing products must be verified in order to develop highly effective technology of enrichment. At every stage of mineral processing - improvement is possible through monitoring and verification of the components of processes. Process control is possible, among others, through comprehensive mineralogical analyzes of ores and products of their processing. Automated mineralogy based on scanning electron microscopy technique, like QEMSCANВ® or MLA, gives opportunity to obtain complex data in a relatively ...

New efficient ways of processing mineral raw materials are one of the determinants of scientific and technological progress. In recent years, there has been a tendency to reduce the metal content and complicate the mineral composition of processed ore raw materials, and increase requirements for environmental protection. All this leads to a rise in the cost of mining and extraction of useful components. The ever-growing demand for metals leads to the need to use poor ore, deposits lying at great depths, dumps of m...

The porphyry copper Malmyzh deposit is situated in the Russian Federation (Khabarovskiy kray). An oxidized ore sample from Malmyzh deposit with 0.8 ppm gold content was obtained and research of gold leaching of gold from oxidized gold-copper ore was carried out. Starved cyanide concentration solution and extended concentration cyanic solutions were tested. Results were compared with non-cyanic lixiviants. Sodium bicarbonate and chloride leach solution were activated with electrolysis and UV-radiation. Theoretical ...

The results of refractory sorption tailings biooxidation and gold extraction from are presented. Selected of a representative sample and the phase composition of sorption tailings of the gold extraction plant LLP В«Altyntau KokshetauВ» was studied. According to the research it was found that the composition of the test sample contains Au-3.24 g/t; Ag ? 2.1 g/t. The content of sulphide minerals is 32%, when the main sulfides are arsenopyrite 22.7% and pyrite 9%.A large part of gold, which is about 68.9%,is able in ...

Polish sedimentary copper ore located in Lower Silesia (SW Poland) consists of three lithological fractions: sandstone, dolomitic and shale. The main copper-bearing minerals are chalcocite, bornite and chalcopyrite. The main carrier of organic carbon is shale ore. This part of ore is the main reason for technological problems in a metallurgical process. However, shale ore is the part of copper ore which is the richest in copper and other accompanying metals such as silver, lead, zinc, nickel, cobalt and other. The...

The article presents the results of investigations into the effectiveness of precipitating rare earth elements (REEs) from mine waters using solutions of alkalinizing reagents (NaOH, Ca(OH)2, Na2CO3), sulphur-containing compounds (sodium trithiocarbonate, sodium trimercapto-s-triazine, sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate) and oxalic acid. The investigations were conducted in two stages. In the first stage, based on initial tests, after REEs precipitation, a compound selected from the alkalinizing reagents group (NaOH) ...

The effectiveness of the application of ultrathin grinding during processing of man-made raw materials (stale tails) of the Kazakhstan concentrator is shown. According to the results of rational analysis, gold is found in rock-forming minerals in finely dispersed form (28.2%), is associated with the crystal lattice of the carrier mineral (13.3%), free and in the form of intergrowths with ore components (26.6%) and fine-grained in rock-forming minerals (31.9%). In flotation enrichment of man-made raw materials in a...

The demand for rare earth elements (REEs) in the global economy has incentivised many researchers to search for alternative sources of those metals. For many years fly ashes have been the subject of such research, which indicate that they might be fit for REE recovery. One of the primary problems with recovering those metals from fly ashes faced by process engineers is the form in which they occur. As research shows, REEs occur in fly ashes in the glass and other mineral components (e.g. monazite, xenotime and oth...

In Poland, like in many other countries, research is conducted toward creating sorbent materials based on fly ashes. The present shows the synthesis of fly ash from brown coal combustion in pulverised-fuel boilers of the Be?chat?w Power Plant. The synthesis was conducted in an autoclave using the hydrothermal method with alkaline activation. The conditions for the synthesis were: temperature of 170В°C, NaOH aqueous solution. The chemical composition of the fly ash as well as the products of the synthesis was deter...

Dielectric barrier discharge is low-temperature plasma generated in cases with an dielectric material between the electrodes. The demanding applied task of water treatment is the removal of heavy metal ions, including iron (Fe) and nickel (Ni), ions, from aqueous solutions. The authors of the paper designed a plasma reactor that allows the dielectric-barrier discharge treatment of a solution near the surface of the liquid in the flow-through mode, so that this method can be used for technological purposes. The inf...

The article covers the theory of gravity separation suspension flows. The indicated factors affect the separation processes. The proposed criterion estimates the possibilities of dividing the hydraulic separation coefficient, which is alternative the equal fall coefficient, but taking into account the influence of the particle shape. The calculations results are shown which are indicated greater the flattened particles separation in the gravitational-centrifugal devices. The greatest interest is comparing of recov...

In this study, alkaline leaching using sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate analysis was applied on different raw samples while the raw samples were digested to analyse the uranium content prior to leaching using successively ICP-OES. The recovery of Uranium is by use of very economical alkaline leaching method. Ore samples: 1436, 1437, 1439 and 1440 were investigated for leachability of radioactive metal prior to leaching using digestion methods. Sample 1436, 1437, 1439 and 1440 assayed 918, 1883, 1757 and 121...

Sydvatten AB operates the water plant Ringsj? Agency in Stehag, Southern Sweden, and the company has since the 1970s deposited waterworks sludge in the sludge landfill at R?nneholms Mosse (bog), Sj?holmen (WGS84 55В°48'46.1"N 13В°18'25.6"E). In order to handle the produced future waterworks sludge from Ringsj? there was carried out a trenching and stratigraphic study of Ringsj? Agency waterworks sludge. The aim of the project was to roughly determine the mass balance for Fe and Al for the basis of the results to d...

Due to the depletion of free-milling raw materials the involvement of new types of deposits is the strategy of developing mining industry of Russia. The black shale raw materials show interest as a non-traditional source of precious metals since its genetic and positional gold-carbon connection. The research is aimed at solving the problem of enrichment of sulphide ores, counting for more than 40% of the reserves in Russia. The aim of the research is to develop and scientifically substantiate the scheme for proces...

The production of a titanium sponge obtained by the reduction of titanium tetrachloride by magnesium is accompanied by the formation of a huge amount of chloride waste. They are annually stored in landfills - storages, polluting the environment. Consequently, one of the topical problems of titanomagnesium production is the processing of chloride waste. In Kazakhstan, there are a variety of sources of chloromagnesium raw materials for the electrolytic production of magnesium, but they are not used in the magnesium ...

Separation processes are highly influenced by medium in which separation is performed, particularly its rheological properties. One of the most important rheological parameter of medium is viscosity. Many researchers have noted the primary role of viscosity in separation processes. During classification of milled raw, with an increase in the viscosity of the medium (up to a certain limit), the overall productivity of the hydrocyclone increases and the distribution of liquid volumes leaving through the apex and vor...

This paper presents the research undertaken in order to establish a processing technology for the Budureasa dolomitic limestone. For this, a series of physico-chemical and mineralogical analyzes were performed, but also unitary processing operations such as grinding, calcination, gravitational concentration and flotation, and solubilization with carbon dioxide in an aqueous medium to obtain a MgO ? rich concentrate, usable in various fields of activity, under economic efficiency conditions. Mineralogical, chemical...

Among the carbonaceous ores, the shales occupy a special position in terms of formation, petrographic and chemical composition, and in their characteristic role in the development of the fuel and chemical industries. One of the promising types of this raw material are dictyonema shale, which volumetric deposits are present in the territory of the Leningrad region and the Baltic countries characterized by an increased content of molybdenum, vanadium, silver, lead, copper and other rare and dispersed elements.

Inclusions in diamond associated minerals are additional information about the formation of minerals in the depths of the mantle. Considerable attention is paid to the study of rutile inclusions in garnets in literature. Until now, there is no consensus on formation of oriented needle-like inclusions, some authors consider them to be epitaxial intergrowths, others ? exsolution. This article contains results of the study of eclogitic garnets from heavy fraction of diamondiferous volcanogenic sedimentary rocks of th...

The Power Plant Ostroleka is one of many in Poland, which is coal-fired. Fly ash, as is well known, are combustion by-products, which are mineral residue from burning coal. Their phase composition depends mainly on the quality of fuel (coal) and combustion conditions. In the mineral composition of the examined ashes one has identified minerals such as: glass, quartz, mullite, spinels, hematite. Spinels present in the fly ash can be a source of some metals, and due to the magnetic properties of some of them, are ea...

The properties of materials obtained during the thermal treatment of gypsum depend on structural defects in the multiphase gypsum-anhydrite system. Analysis of the crystal structures of gypsum (CaSO4В·2H2O), bassanite (CaSO4В·0,5H2O), ?-anhydrite (?-CaSO4) and natural anhydrite (?-CaSO4) allowed us to identify a common structural motif in each of these structures. This is an irregular hexagon formed by chains of ?Ca?SO4?Ca?SO4?. During successive thermal transformation of gypsum into anhydrite, this structural mot...

The temperature makes considerable impact on gold-bearing minerals decomposition. So, by the Russian scientists on an example of May deposit concentrate it has been shown that the increase in temperature of a pulp to 34 - 36В°? intensifies oxidation of gold-bearing mineral - arsenopyrite: after the lapse of 48 hours oxidation degree arsenopyrite reached 95%. On the basis of studying kinetics biooxidation of sulphidic minerals by microorganisms association at various temperature modes in some research institutes of...

Agglomerate is a basic input materials for the production of pig iron in the blast furnace and has in integrated metallurgical cycle important place. Industrial production of agglomerate and pig iron is a material and energy intensive and at the same time it has a negative impact on the environment. The role of searching for new additional energy carriers for the metallurgical industry in Slovakia and in the world is highly relevant. For sinter plant it is typical that the amount and types of contaminants are very...