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The application of C-band InSAR techniques over densely vegetated areas faces critical limitations due to rapid temporal decorrelation, which requires the deployment of corner reflectors (CR) to ensure stable control points. In this context, traditional site selection criteria are often empirical and tend to overlook the spatiotemporal variability of interferometric coherence. In this study, a multicriteria methodology based on a spatial decision-making framework is proposed to optimize the selection of corner ref...

In recent years, the growing demand for renewable energy sources has placed high demands on the accuracy and reliability of the input data in the design of solar parks. The aim of the study is to present an integrated methodology combining the use of close-range digital photogrammetry to create a digital model and analysis of solar radiation according to the energy potential of the terrain. The main emphasis is on the application of a double-overflight method with an unmanned aerial system at different flight alti...

The article presents the probability of degradation processes using remote sensing data on the example of the Kryvyi Rih Ukrainian test polygon, a territory with high anthropogenic impact. The probable changes in the state of the natural environment caused by degradation processes are analyzed across 17 amalgamated territorial communities within the Ukrainian test polygon. The territorial communities were ranked according to the values of the land degradation index used in the EWALD project based on the standard d...

Urban areas developed above salt-karst systems are particularly sensitive to ground deformation processes driven by dissolution, suffosion, and anthropogenic disturbances. Detecting and monitoring these processes in densely built environments requires observation techniques capable of capturing small-scale morphological changes with high spatial resolution and repeatability. This study demonstrates the use of recurrent UAV-based LiDAR surveys to detect and measure ground instability in the town of Slanic Prahova (...

This research presents a comprehensive assessment of surface deformation at the Paute Integral Hydroelectric Complex, one of Ecuador's most critical energy infrastructures. Given the complex Andean topography and the strategic importance of this asset, monitoring ground stability is essential for operational safety and structural integrity. This study utilized Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) techniques, employing a decadal Sentinel-1 dataset from 2014 to 2024. The methodology integra...

Accurate estimation of vegetation biomass, particularly aboveground biomass (AGB), is critical for understanding carbon cycling, climate change mitigation, and ecosystem dynamics. Forests alone store a large proportion of terrestrial carbon, making biomass estimation central to initiatives such as REDD+ and global carbon accounting. Traditional field-based (destructive) methods, while accurate, are labor-intensive, costly, and impractical at large spatial scales. Remote sensing technologies have emerged as essenti...

The study is devoted to evaluating the application of remote sensing data (satellite images, orthophotos, etc.) in spatial development planning. The amount of data available today provides extensive opportunities for territory analysis, but in practice their use is often limited. The work analyses how such data can improve land use monitoring, understanding of urbanization processes and decision-making at various planning levels. The main problems are related to the different quality of data, spatial and temporal ...

The investigated area comprises Strzelin massif, located in the SW Poland. Strzelin massif is built mainly by granitoids and metamorphic rocks. The chemical-, mineral- and textural composition of the Strzelin granite were altered by hydrothermal fluids that migrated along fissures, caverns, microfractures, cleavage planes and grain interstices. The alterations manifest themselves mainly as bleached zones filled by hydrothermal minerals in the following order: quartz, feldspars, muscovite, chlorite, clinozoisite, p...

The study area is located at the Gobi Desert of southern Mongolia, near the town of Byankhongor. During the work stage, aerial photo image interpretation was undertaken to identify and delineate lithological boundaries, geological contacts, and fault and fold features, lineaments. Aerial photo, Aster, and Landsat TM have been used for the geological interpretation of the Shine Jinst area, Mongolia. Nineteen stratigraphic units were distinguished and correlated to delineate the stratigraphic subdivisions. A study o...

This study investigated a nondestructive, remote-sensing-based testing method for detecting harmful wetness in immovable cultural heritage structures using unmanned aerial vehicle multispectral imagery combined with machine learning algorithms. The multispectral data were captured over a historic building with DJI Mavic 3M UAV, and supervised machine learning classifiers were applied to identify moisture-risk areas across the building’s facades. The spectral range of the employed multispectral sensor did not all...

Accurate monitoring of crop phenology is essential for yield estimation, growing season modeling, and climate adaptation in agriculture. While freely available satellite archives provide broad spatial coverage, their temporal frequency is often insufficient for capturing the rapid phenological transitions characteristic of crops. This study addresses that gap through a multitemporal analysis of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) derived from a time series of 119 PlanetScope satellite images at 3 m s...

This study assesses surface deformation in the Vyshegrad Fortress area using Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data. The site, located near the Studen Kladenets dam, is affected by complex geomorphological and environmental conditions that may compromise structural stability. Steep slopes prone to erosion and landslides, increased moisture, rock fracturing, and regional seismic activity pose significant risks to the integrity of the stone architectural complex. Their evaluation is essential for effective preservation...

This study presents the application of integrated UAS and terrestrial close-range photogrammetry for the comprehensive 3D reconstruction of the cultural heritage site “St. John Letni” chapel, located near Pchelina Reservoir, Bulgaria. The main objective of the research is to produce detailed and accurate documentation of the chapel in its current condition, supporting its long-term preservation and potential restoration. The data acquisition combines aerial imagery from an unmanned aerial system (UAS) and terr...

This research addresses the design, integration, and validation of a complex methodology for wetland monitoring, using as case studies two peat bogs located in the Maramures Mountains Natural Park, Romania. The study is part of a larger research effort concerning the assessment of the current ecological status of internationally important wetlands in the trans-Carpathian region of Romania, Ukraine, and Slovakia, through the development of an integrated monitoring system based on advanced geomatic technologies. Thi...

The research analyses agricultural unused land (AUL) identified within the cadastral territory of Velke Trencianske Stankovce (western Slovakia) with the objective of evaluating restoration potential and determining suitable management pathways for reintroduction into agricultural use. The methodological framework combines Sentinel-2 vegetation indices, LPIS data, soil characteristics, and site-specific attributes including terrain configuration, parcel accessibility, and environmental constraints. Restoration pot...

Lake water quality is an important sign of ecosystem health, biodiversity, and sustainable management of freshwater resources. As human activities, climate change, and eutrophication increase, the need for efficient and consistent monitoring methods grows. Traditional field sampling provides accurate local data but is limited by how often and where samples are collected, as well as by high costs. Satellite remote sensing is a practical way to monitor inland water bodies, enabling repeated, large-scale assessments ...

In this study, using ASTER surface reflectance and emissivity data to map four main lithological units (volcanic, magmatic, clastic, metamorphic) in southern Tunceli (Ayazpinari-Cukurca) using PCA and ICA transformations, and the results were validated against a reference map. The highest success among different band combinations was achieved in the SWIR region alone for the PCA transformation, and across the entire range (VNIR-SWIR-TIR, 0.52–11.65 µm) for the ICA transformation. Although SWIR-based PCA success...

Rapid warming along the Antarctic Peninsula has intensified surface melting on maritime glaciers, accelerating ablation and contributing to increasingly negative surface mass balances, particularly on Livingston Island, South Shetlands Islands, Antarctica. Continuous, weather-independent monitoring of snow and ice conditions is therefore essential for assessing seasonal variability and its implications for glacier evolution. A multi-temporal dataset of Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery acquired bet...

The government electrical company – ESO manages and monitors 16 000 km powerlines in Bulgaria. In this paper the main focus is on monitoring forestry corridors, which are used to provide free of encroachment space for safe electrical power transmission. Those open spaces ensure that no tree or such can be near the conductor enough to cause induction of energy between a tree and a conductor, which is the main reason for wild fires and electrical power shortages. This paper presents a methodology for systematic mo...

This study compares multiple approaches for surface water mapping using multi-sensor satellite data. Open-access imagery from Sentinel-2 (optical) and Sentinel-1 (SAR) was used for three study sites in Bulgaria. The optical dataset consisted of three Level-2A images acquired under near cloud-free conditions, while the radar dataset included three Ground Range Detected images acquired on dates closest to the optical imagery. Surface water extraction was performed using single- and multi-index approaches for the opt...