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Prevention and reduction of food waste production, food waste conversion into energy and products as well as the proper disposal are sequential processes in the food system. Technological standards and a legal framework for food waste recycling, as well as amendments to the relevant legal acts - both national- and municipal-level ones - have been made in Latvia. In addition, the compliance with the European Waste Classification for Statistics have been verified and the participation of nongovernmental organization...

One of the main challenges in treating landfill leachate through membranes is managing the resulting concentrate. Depending on the membrane installation's performance and the stored waste's characteristics, significant quantities of concentrate may remain after leachate treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to identify an optimal disposal or treatment method for it. In the European Union List of Waste, the membrane concentrates are associated with leachates and are classified as either hazardous or non-hazardous w...

The present study aimed to track the changes in microbial communities during home composting of biodegradable plastic products (PLA). 6 waste mixtures and controls were prepared, with C:N about 30, placed in containers. The amount of PLA compared to the compostable mixture is 1%. Different depositing methods were used - active composting and placing part of the material in biodegradable bags. Temperature, humidity, pH, C:N ratio were measured. The amounts of bacteria, actinomycetes, micromycetes were recorded duri...

Organic farming has a future, but a significant obstacle to its application is the need for more organic fertilisers and the imbalance of macronutrients - nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. We set the following working hypothesis: whether the simultaneous application of natural zeolites and diatomaceous earth, in combination with a compost mixture, optimises the nutrient elements in two types of soils, taking into account their agrochemical and physicochemical parameters. The research includes experiments with Ve...

The paper aims to investigate biopolymeric wastes that combine the quality of the raw material with the desired application to obtain carbon materials. The raw materials used to obtain products for environmental application must have a low ash content and a quality as uniform as possible. Depending on the requirements of the target products used for depollution purposes, the quality characteristics of the precursors are presented: biopolymeric waste - fruit kernels/shells of peach, olive, and walnut shells, wastes...

Polyurethane, as a versatile polymer prepared by the polyaddition of isocyanates and hydroxyl group containing compounds, is widely used in the automotive industry and with an upcoming change of European legislation becomes recycling increasingly important as an alternative to landfilling or incineration. Glycolysis is one of the chemical degradation processes used to transform polyurethane waste using simple glycols as the degradation agents into a raw material. Single phase glycolysis was used to produce recycle...

Composting municipal organic waste is important for several reasons, including greenhouse gas emissions reduction, soil health improvement, nutrients recycle, waste reduction, costs reduction (by reducing the waste volumes, the handling costs are decreased). Information on the practices of municipal organic waste composting in Romania is limited, thus a comprehensive evaluation of the limiting factors and current solution was carried out. According to the European Environment Agency, Romania has made progress in o...

The article is devoted to the study of optimization measures to improve the rational use of the surface tier of anthropogenic landscapes in the Kryvyi Rih landscape and technical system. The surface tier of anthropogenic landscapes is analyzed and defined on the example of mining and settlement landscapes. The problems associated with the active development of the mining industry and the causing such factors as poor soil quality, derivative processes and phenomena, pollution and uncontrolled use of resources are i...

Disposal of waste generated by the industries remains one of the major challenges to preserve the environment. Indeed, the use of industrial waste and by-products in construction is an important advantage to conserve natural resources. For this reason, several studies have focused on the use of marble waste in construction as recycled aggregate or fine powder. The work aim is to investigate the physical properties and mechanical behavior of eco-friendly mortar made with marble powder. The experimental study consis...

At various stages of processing manganese ores, significant volumes of finely dispersed manganese-containing raw materials are formed. Development of technological solutions is required for their use in metallurgical processes. The aim of the study was to develop technologies intended to beneficiate manganesecontaining sludge with the fraction of less than 5 mm and to obtain pellets suitable to be melted into ferromanganese on their basis. The developed beneficiation process flow for manganese sludge includes the ...

The article discusses the issue of recycling and the use of recycled substrates in building materials and parts of building structures. Recycling is one of the elements compatible with the current functioning of society and which has its significant place in a sustainable economy and construction. There are currently many modifications of construction materials such as concrete or bricks. The concrete mass or base from which modified bricks are made include: recycled glass components (powder and glass sand), HIPS,...

Activities related to industrial aspects in the 21st century focus on, among others, low-emission economy, sustainable construction, recycling of processed materials, possibilities of recovery of building materials after the decision to demolish and ecology. The most popular building material is currently concrete used to make monolithic structures and prefabricated elements. There are many modifications to concrete, and the topic of recycling in building materials has become a priority. One of the materials is AB...

Plastic materials are one of the main technological discoveries of modern civilization. Thanks to their variable properties and relatively low production costs, they have become an integral part of almost all human activities. The global production of plastics is constantly increasing. They are most often used as packaging materials and also play a vital role in construction and healthcare. In the presented article, the authors examine the methods of handling plastic waste in the Czech Republic and describe indivi...

Eggshells are one of the widely used by-products in the food processing and manufacturing industries. Due to the increased content of minerals, especially calcium and magnesium and less trace elements (iron, zinc, manganese, copper), chicken eggshell waste can be used in many agricultural activities as a mineral fertilizer, as an additive for improving the physical parameters of the soil, or reducing the accessibility of lead and cadmium from soils polluted with heavy metals, as a substitute for natural calcium ca...

In the production process of cast iron and steel castings, a large amount of waste is generated. Each stage of production of castings generates a certain type or types of waste. The largest volume of waste is the used molding compound, followed by slags from melting processes and dust, the creation of which is copied by the entire foundry process. Dust waste is generated from the beginning to the end of the production cycle in the foundry. Finishing operations represent, in addition to a large source of noise, a l...

Statistical data, as well as public reports and comments from industry experts, show that the transition of local governments to the digitisation of internal processes has several challenges, mainly related to ensuring sustainability, reducing the impact on the environment, data security, and technical maintenance [2,3]. Therefore, it is essential to assess the situation in local governments and choose the most appropriate support system for Latvia's situation, which would not only be financial support. In public ...

The use of pig slurry as fertilizer has a clear impact on farm-level energy input requirements, being a correct and natural way of its decomposition and also contributing to the reducing of the amount of chemical fertilizers used, which, in addition to the high cost, may leads to the pollution of the areas where they are applied. Swine sludge could provide between 38 and 61% of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in chemical fertilizer. The purpose of the work is to determine the changes that the application of...

Nowadays the manure management is a very actually topic. There is an important part of it the manure processing technology. However, we need for it a manure fermentation plant with an adequate capacity and there is important, the processing plant must be near for the pig and poultry farm to process the manure as soon as possible to reduce the harmful emission and bind the valuable nutrients in the fermented manure. The new established processing plant added advantages, that their produces excellent qualities and h...

Concrete is a building material composed of aggregate, cement and water. Aggregate forms a filler, cement, after mixing with water, creates crystals that connect the aggregate with a firm and flexible bond. Cement slurry gradually loses its plasticity and begins to solidify and harden, until it finally turns into cement stone. Quartz sand is most often used as aggregate. Concrete is a building material composed of aggregate, cement and water. Aggregate forms a filler, cement, when mixed with water, forms crystals ...

Pursuing sustainability in a rapidly changing global landscape has necessitated a paradigm shift in economic models. At the forefront of this transformation is the Circular Economy, characterized by the continuous reuse, recycling, and remanufacturing of products and materials, which has gained prominence as a means to address pressing environmental challenges while fostering economic growth. This research explores the interplay between the circular economy, innovation, investment, and social responsibility. These...

The paper deals with the ? + ? titanium alloys, due to their good properties such as low specific weight and high values of mechanical properties have found wide application as a construction material. Their disadvantage is high price and complicated production of the basic material - titanium but also alloying components (molybdenum, chromium), associated with high energy demand and undesirable effects on ecology. The inhomogeneity of the deformation with formation of deformation bands are typical for these alloy...

Disposal of by-products from the processing of plant foods is a major industry concern, but these by-products are also promising sources of compounds with technological or nutritional properties and are now being considered as a possible source of functional compounds. The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), which contains a high protein content, fiber, and other critical minerals for humans, is one of the most significant pulses in the world. The objective of this work is to exploit the properties of common bean...