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The erosion of the soil is characterized for the disaggregation and transport of the superficial material, promoted by the hydric or eolic action, leading to the impoverishment of the soil, and in extreme cases to the desertification. This process is complex and depends on a multiplicity of factors that differ in the time and space, whose universality and simultaneous particularities, becomes it difficult to equate and to quantify. Modeling can provide a quantitative and consistent approach to estimate soil erosio...

A significant part of the salinized lands is situated in the continental Asia. These areas include the south of Western Siberia, part of the south of Eastern Siberia, including Zabaikalye and Yakutia, Kazakhstan, the republics of Central Asia and Caucasus, the central part of China, Mongolia, Turkey, Iran and India. In Yakutia the 27,7% of farmland territories consists of frozen salinized soils, mainly concentrated in the central part of Yakutia. Such problems as the distribution of natural salts in the soil profi...

The theme of this article is analysis of the reinforced concrete arc bridge structure. This article is especially focused on Monier arc bridge. A typical load applied on bridges is moving load, but this type of structure is mainly loaded with surrounding ground mass. It is fact, that for thicker layer of soil mass upper the arc decreases influence of moving load and conversely. Information in the article are based on experience gained during completely reconstruction of particular structures. Span of the bridge is...

Research conducted on sterile dumps resulting from surface mining of lignite, have shown that in the waste dump restoration process, the main issues are raised by the non-uniformity of texture, extreme textures, lack of structure, low content of organic matter, the deficiency in macro (NPK) and micro (Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn) nutrients and low biological activity. Most experiments with fertilizers revealed that the maximum yield was achieved in variants fertilized with high doses of organic fertilizers, in addition with mi...

The article presents the results of humic acid macromolecule study based on the instrumental approaches. Humic acids were extracted from various types of peat (0-20 cm) found within the Western Siberia. The obtained results provide insight into the structure and composition of peat humic acids. The obtained results definitely indicate that elemental composition, thermodynamic stability, and NMR13? spectrometry of humic acids are basically a consequence of their physico-chemical properties which, in its turn, depen...

Synthetic polymers play an important role in the agricultural use as structural materials for creating a favorable environment for plant growth. Over the last few years the science of synthetic polymers has received great interest as one of the most exciting areas of polymer chemistry for the production of improved materials. The creation of multifunctional materials with prognosticates properties is important. The main objective of the research was to develop methods for the preparation of transparent hydrogels f...

Formed under various natural conditions, soils are different from each other with respect to characteristics and fertility from region to region. That is why from ancient times it has existed and evoluated the preocupation for the appreciation, choosing and using the best lands for agriculture. Dolj County belongs to the temperate climatic area, but its position and the depression character of the field which it occupies in the neighbourhood of the bend of the Carpatho-balcanic mountainous chain, determines, on th...

The report is dealing with the categorization of the agricultural landscape. Present classificatory systems of the landscape were analysed as the source material hereby, in preference, were soil, geographic and production specifics of individual Slovak region considered. On the background of vector data on extension of the soil-ecological regions of Slovakia using geographic information systems, it was possible to detach five types of agricultural landscape on the base of real production parameters of the individu...

The present study reports on the geochemical composition of soils and bacterial and fungal isolates determined in the soils surrounding the Komsomolsk tailings, Kuznetski Alatau, Russia. The areas with high concentration of As, Sb, Cd, Pb, and Zn were revealed. The assessment of metal and metalloid contaminants was conducted on the soils using Pollution index (PI), Enrichment Factor (EF), and Geo-accumulation Index (Igeo). The indexes indicated serious Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd, Co, As pollution especially for soils sampled ...

The solving of the project of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic dedicated to sustainable agricultural management in the North Western Bohemia is under way from 2015 to 2018. The Brown Coal Research Institute is the main participant of the project. This article briefly summarises new results of the research of the Most Basin localities restoration problems. The main attention is devoted to the research of experimental areas founded in different dump localities with different dump rocks and different...

The use of synthesis chemical substances in agriculture for increasing agricultural production and ensuring food across the globe is a process that has as a reverse negative effects on the environment and human health. According to the research conducted widely it has proved that, these synthesis substances that sometimes are toxic (pesticides, herbicides, etc.) have a negative influence on human health ultimately, also by polluting the environment, which represents the biggest challenge of the humanity today - cl...

The aim of this study was to determine the extent of heavy metal accumulation in soils and potential risks of metals distribution in fruits, leaf and shoots in apple trees with rootstock M9 grown near smelter and mining areas of the Drenas, Kosovo. Individual soil samples were collected from each plant to assess metal content in the immediate plant environment. Samples of soils, fruits, leaf and shoots have been analyzed for heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Ni, As, Zn, Cu, Cr and Fe) using atomic absorption spectrophotometry...

The study of the structure and formation of shores is now modern issue, both in the assessment of their morphology and the ecological conditions of the steppe zone of Kazakhstan. The article reflects a structure of abrupt bank of Northern Kazakhstan rivers in conjunction with the soil adjacent to it. The authors believe that the intrasoil runoff has not been taken into account so far due to the presence of both soil genetic cracks and high permeability of humidified moisture to "puffy" fouling. Therefore, there sh...

An accurate simulation of snowmelt infiltration rates for an area of Bucegi Mountains, during spring thaw, has been made using the snow routine of HYDRUS- 1D. The model is based on coupled flow and heat transport in the vadose zone. The snowmelt routine is based on degree day concept. As boundary conditions are used, surface water and heat fluxes can be calculated from the energy balance equation. The variables of the surface energy balance equation and melt rates can be calculated using meteorological data: air t...

Along the whole history, the human civilizations were depended mainly on the soil fertility and further on the ecosystem well function and its appropriate characteristics. These functions (as natural processes occurring in ecosystems) depend on its structure (on biotic and abiotic constituents respectively) and provide ecosystem services. The paper emphasized the way that one of the ecosystem services, essential to our health and well being, as the пїЅregulation of the nutrients and their uptake? arises from the i...

In the context of climate and land use changes, the dynamics of soil carbon content became an interesting topic taking into account the role of soil organic matter for both plant growth and soil quality. Various analytical methods are accessible to find out the organic carbon concentration in soil with distinctive accuracy, each of them having own constraints and gains. The aim of the present study was to compare the experimental results obtained for soil organic carbon through several methods (wet dichromate oxid...

The coal-fired power stations are particularly complex polluting agents, furnishing simultaneously, high and low environmental pollution sources, through the chimneys for burning gases evacuation and the ash dumps, respectively. The Deva-Mintia coal-fired power stations has an installed power of 1260 MW, six power units of 210 MW each group having two steam boilers of 330t/h, the energy being produced by the coal extracted from Jiu Valley mining area. Coal-fired power station Mintia is located in South East Transy...

Biochar is a porous, carbon-rich material produced by heating of organic matter to temperatures between 300 пїЅC and 1000 пїЅC in an environment with limited or no oxygen. During the past decade, numerous articles focusing on the use of biochar have been published, but have shown inconsistent results. Reactions in the soil after the addition of biochar depend on the characteristics of biochar, soil, climate and soil-inhabiting organisms. However, due to high variability in the quality of biochar, its effects on so...

The article shows features of a soil, illustrated with cracks. These cracks are natural detail of a soil, which more humified and less dense, than the rest part of the soil. Author highlights frequency and depth of these cracks in a soil profile, which essentially affects on the functions of the soil at the disclosure. On the mastered for an agriculture soil, cracks come from surface, in spite of that top horizons of the soil were homogenized in processing. Cracks go through the most humified part of the soil, whi...

The purpose of the study was to present detailed the stages in achieving the documentation necessary to upgrade the infrastructure of a road, after the landslides which led to the erosion of embankments. The chosen methodology consisted in designing and analyzing the topographical, geological, hydrographic, climatic studies and seismic classification of the area. Following the completion of basic works were proposed other works necessary to remedy the problem, conjunction with legislation to obtaining the Environm...

Industry, pollute environments (air, water, soil), and bring damage to the health, both to the people and all living beings. In areas where oil and gas development is prevalent, air, water and soil resources can become contaminated with oil and gas wastes and by products. The pollutants emitted by the oil and gas industry, may bring damage immediate or long-term, to the environment. Mining industry and the oil processing, affects the environment through gaseous and liquid hydrocarbons. All products resulting from ...

The solution of subsoil-structure interaction is affected by several factors as a choice of interaction model, influence of physical-nonlinear behaviour of structure and co-effects of the upper structure and the foundation structure. The subsoil-structure interaction can be solve by application of analytical methods or numerical methods - eg. Finite Element Method (FEM) or Boundary Element Method (BEM). FEM was used for numerical analysis performed in this article. Many different interaction models implemented in ...

Removal of potentially harmful As compounds by adsorption onto biosorbents is a cost-effective alternative to the conventional treatment methods. Peatlands can accumulate arsenic originating from both natural and anthropogenic sources [1-3]. Wetland soils and sediments are subject to frequent changes in redox conditions, driven by fluctuations in the water table and shifts in biological activity. Under oxic conditions, natural organic matter (NOM) promotes arsenic release from metal-(hydr)oxides, thereby enhancing...

Over a period of two years (2015, 2016), in a field experience organized on a Chernozems in south-eastern part of Romania, it was investigated the effect of soil fertilization with compost made from three organic waste (farmyard manure, sewage sludge, and marine algae), in different variants resulting from the mixtures of the three components in different proportions, 50% each and 25% the other two, applied to soil in doses of 25, 50, 75 and 100 t/ha. It is important to note that these compost doses were been admi...

The effect of a polycomposite compost consisting of three organic waste (farmyard manure, sewage sludge, and marine algae) on the nutrition and seed production of the sunflower cultivated in a field experience on a Chernozems in the southeastern part of Romania, was investigated for 2 years. Three types of compost were made from different mixtures of the three components added in proportions by 25% or 50% so that each compost was prevalent in one of them. Agro-chemical analyses of soil samples (pH and N-NO3, N-NH4...

Maize (Zea mays L.) is the most important cereal after wheat and rice grown widely throughout the world, playing a major role in human diet or as livestock fodder. Water and nitrogen are the most limiting factors for maize grain yield and it is important to evaluate the response of maize crop to irrigation associated to N fertilization in order to obtain high yields and to prevent nitrate pollution. In this context, it was designed an experiment with the main purpose to analyze the variability of yield potential a...

The aim of this three-year study was to determine the effect of different vineyard vegetation cover on organic matter content in the soil, the content of available nutrients and essential soil properties. Soil samples were taken from between rows of vines, where species-diverse mixtures for planting vineyards were sown. For observation, three localities of the Czech Republic with different soil and climatic conditions were chosen (Popice, Mikulov and Znojmo). Two variants of vineyard greening mixes were establishe...

The objective of the paper was to emphasize the influence of the biological activity on the structural improvement of the compacted clayey pedogenetic horizons of two Chromic Luvisols, by the organic matter bioturbation. The researches were performed on two Chromic Luvisols from Romanian Plain, where the mean annual temperature is 10.5oC and the mean annual precipitation is 548 mm. The analytical data showed that clay content increased from the top layer of both soil profiles (28.9% in P1, and 29.8% in P2), to Bt ...

B?r?gan Plain, located in south-eastern part of Romania, is bounded in the south and east by the Danube meadow, in the North, by the Siret river lower meadow, in the west, is bounded, on the north to the south, by the Buz?u river meadow, S?rata valley, ObпїЅr?ia Mosti?tei, Pas?rea valley, DпїЅmbovi?a river, and finally the Arge? river meadow, this limit (particularly those starting from the south of C?lm??ui river) overlaps the interference between the forest-steppe and the restricted forest formations. From a cli...

The Dolj District is located on Oltenia Plain in the southern part of Getic Plateau. The studied territory which is the northern part of Dolj District is located on the central zone of Oltenia on the high plateau Leu-Rotunda. This area is characterized by varied natural conditions and so is the formation phenomenon of soil. As a result of soil formation factors, within the northern part of Dolj District there were formed soils that have as specific horizon the clayey one, the most encountered being preluvisoils. T...

The studies on the effects of winter wheat cultivation technology and spring barley varying degrees of intensity on productivity, carried out in All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture and Soil Protection, allowed a detailed analysis of the positive and negative aspects of these technologies usage, and also they let us define that when the intensification indicators increase the productivity of studied crops increases as well, together with simultaneously reducing of productivity varying on years....

Dynamic of the degradation processes is a complex issue in the light of the factors that converge to this, which can be direct, of natural origin, as a consequence of climate change or global or local climatic anomalies and are relatively easy to identify, as regards the characteristics of topography, vegetation coverage, soil etc. to which are added indirect factors, predominantly anthropogenic, that acts like a catalyst stimulating the degradation of soil resources and its attributes that sustain life. B?r?gan P...

In order to determine the dependencies between the chemical indices of the soils of the automorphic series and the results of spectrographic analysis, the field survey with HandHeld2 spectrograph was conducted at cleaned surfaces of the soil sections at soil sampling site. Data for zonal soils of Chuvash Republic (podzolic chernozem, dark grey forest soils, typical grey forest soils and light grey forest soils) with different erosion degree were obtained. The results of agrochemical inspection were analyzed along ...

Within an expeditionary study, conducted in the south-eastern part of the Romanian Plain and central and southern Dobrogea, soil samples (0-20 cm) under the maize during the growing phase of 4-7 pairs of leaves, have been collected. The investigation methodology included three methods: determining the soil content of mobile Zn, soluble in CH3COONH4-EDTA solution at pH 7, calculating the values of the reaction-mobile phosphates index (RMPI) and of the zinc deficiency index (ZnDI), in order to establish the probabil...

This paper aims to identify the degree of resistance of cryogenic soils exposed to chemical contamination from the Nurbinsky extractive plant in Western Yakutia. It examines the resistance basing on the sorption capacity of soil material, and also assesses their ecological and geochemical state. In this paper we consider homogeneous suprapermafrost-gley, gley podzolized and homogeneous non-gley types of cryozemes. A total of 16 full-profile soil cuts and 185 small trenches were made in depth of 0-10 cm and 10-20 c...

This study reports the assessment of the pollution to urban soil pollution in few major cities of Romania. In the past few years, in all over Romania an increasing trend could be noticed related to the scientific interest for soil contamination due to anthropogenic activities. Nevertheless, a research aiming to assess a quality screening report related to the presence of contaminants in top soils of urban areas due has never been conducted and the public society is deprived of such information in all cities. The a...

A detailed analysis of a soil chronosequence located in well drained upland positions within broadleaf subzone of the Russian plain was performed to investigate the possible transformation of pedogenic pathways related to the climatic changes during the Late Holocene. The soil chronosequence included a soil buried under fortification (earthen) wall constructed in Early Iron Age and a day surface soil developing under natural (broadleaf forest) vegetation. Different pedogenic processes were evaluated using a number...

This article is devoted to the assessment of toxic effect of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) on spring barley (Hordeum sativum distichum) grown in background control Haplic chernozem and that spiked with various doses of BaP (20, 200, 400 and 800 ?g/kg) equivalent to 1, 10, 20 and 40 levels of maximal permissible concentrations (MPC). The experimental soil samples were planted every spring and incubated outdoor during 4 years. During the experimental time (almost 4 years), concentrations of BaP decreased by 80-87% in the soi...

The paper presents a description of materials and available data as well as research methods which permitted the development of a complex data base allowing for the analysis of the spatial variability of soil properties in Poland. A data base was developed for the Czermin commune with the application of data on soils available in the State Surveying and Cartographic Resource database. Field and laboratory research were carried out, as well as spatial analyses. They provided the basis for the preparation of a map o...

Carrot culture is highly dependent on soil, silty-clay or silty soils with high permeability and free of weeds are preferred. Weed control is a very important part of the production technology for plants. Chemical weed control has been found to have some advantages of which we mention: it is less labor-intensive, increases productivity, reduces the number of passes on farmland and increases production. The main purpose of this paper was to provide the most efficient solution for weeds control in carrot crops, usin...