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One of the key trends in the sector of information and communication technology (ICT) is the Internet of Things (IoT). It allows the connection of two planes пїЅ the real and the virtual. This concept assumes that different devices and objects which use sensors can communicate with computers or exchange the collected data via the computer network. This can have a positive impact on the management of complaints, in particular those systems where applications are a manifestation of dissatisfaction internal customer....

Increasing the possibilities to utilize fly ashes from power stations is one of the major strategic directions involved in the implementation of the waste directive imposed by the European Parliament, enabling the protection of natural resources and a reduction of the amount of waste stored. Investigations into fly ashes from power stations indicate such waste contains rare earth elements (REEs) in much higher amounts than their average content in earthпїЅs crust. It has resulted in an increased interest in the ut...

Currently applied groundwater protection against penetration of pollutants from landfills are membranes that isolate the layer of stored waste from the substrate. As the material most commonly used are materials such as loam and natural clay or composite materials, such as plastic films or asphalt. Also there are known methods of using waste materials such as fly ash, as well as silicate-ash composites for the manufacture of seals in civil and hydraulic engineering. Literature also contains descriptions of the res...

The key issue of Polish municipal waste management system is still too little progress in subjecting waste to recycling processes. Legislative changes implemented in this area are intended to build a rational and integrated system that meets the stringent requirements of the European Union. A set of requirements for the formal regulations generates the need for a comprehensive approach to waste flows between participants of the system. Adoption of such a course of action enables to meet the mandatory requirements ...

Currently widely understood Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) has dominated most branches of the economy. Still, their potential has not been fully exploited. One of these areas where ICT is used to a limited extent is the management of complaints. The current problem in an era of rising expectations and requirements of customers or consumers is the way of collecting and processing large amount of data associated with manufactured products and services supplied. This analysis of data sets can provid...

Countries that largely base their production of electricity and thermal on coal, are exposed to a significant burden of the environment, mainly through the emission of harmful substances into the environment, including the production of large quantities of solid waste: including fly ashes, slags, ash, slag mixes etc. However, the waste generated in combustion processes does not have to be a burden to the environment. Due to the changes in legal regulations they may become a by-product (i.e. Coal Combustion Product...

The search for prospective sources of rare earth metals (REM) is one of the most important problems of the EU economy. Currently, it is believed that the source of REM may be deposits of coals or by-products of their combustion. A particularly promising appear to be fly ash from the combustion of coal because of much higher concentration of REM than in the coal beds. These facts and the dependency of domestic power energy on coal was an impulse to undertake work to determine the feasibility of obtaining the REM fr...

In Poland information about landfills of power industry waste and the composition of waste deposited on them are largely dispersed. There is no data on the content of rare earth elements in ashes and slags. The article presents a developed information system allowing simultaneous access to a number of data on power industry waste landfills (location, technical and technological data) and data on the rare earth content in deposited ashes and slags. The article presents energy waste landfills (both historical and cu...

According to data reported in the EU report, critical raw materials include 20 raw materials, including rare earth heavy metals (Gd-Lu and Y) and rare earth light metals (La-Eu). Thus, rare earth metals include lanthanides of atomic number 58-71 and scandiums with atomic numbers Sc -21, Y -39 and La -57, respectively. Rare earth metals are used in many modern, innovative techniques such as optics, nuclear technology, production of permanent magnets that are part of discs for computers and automotive hybrid motors,...

Many entities from energy sector are investing in the rational use of waste generated in the energy production process, using them as valuable raw materials. Measurable economic and environmental benefits associated with the recovery of waste lead to the development of new directions for their reuse. The proper organization of the logistic chain allows for the efficient management of energy waste from the manufacturer's point of view. Innovative technical and process solutions from the energy industry are conduciv...

Critical literature studies indicated that there had been numerous methods for estimating the value, management models as well as indicators and criteria for the quantitative and qualitative assessment of post-industrial areas. All of them supported post-industrial area management, but neither of them took into account the simultaneous evaluation of economic, social and environmental aspects - especially important for the inclusion of these areas into the socio-economic cycle. Identified gaps in knowledge allowed ...

The publication presents an assessment of the possibility of obtaining char from fly and fluidised ashes from coal combustion. It also presents the methodology of measuring the concentration of char in fly ashes as well as the method developed for separating char grains from fly ash samples. The research conducted has shown that both fly and fluidised ashes contain large quantities of unburnt coal grains, which can be used as a substitute in obtaining artificial graphite through the processes of graphitisation. Th...

The article presents the results of investigations into the chemical composition, contents of selected rare earth elements and the reaction of eluates obtained from the waste (ash and slag) produced in the process of hard coal combustion in a pulverized-fuel boiler. Samples for tests were taken from the ash and slag landfill from three 10-metre vertical profiles. The total content of REEs in the examined ash-slags ranges from 295 to 366 mg/kg. The average concentration of rare earth elements is 330 mg/kg, with a s...