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Nowadays effective grazing management plays a critical role in sustaining biodiversity, maintaining soil quality and protecting natural habitats, thereby supporting ecological balance. The present study aims to explore stocking density trends on livestock farms with different economic size in the Baltic States over the years 2004 - 2023 and contrast them with changes in the EU stocking density. Stocking density is measured in livestock units per hectare of forage utilized agricultural area and acts as a basic eval...

The reliability of adjustment results in geodetic networks is of critical importance for the investigation of geodynamic processes such as deformation and tectonic movements, where vertical displacements represent a key monitoring component. Precise levelling remains the fundamental technique for such observations. Recent studies indicate that the adjustment of all possible combinations of measurements can yield more accurate and reliable results compared to the classical least squares adjustment of levelling netw...

In the process of establishing the National Leveling Network (NLN), the individual cycles are associated with the use of different technologies, instruments, and methods for data structuring and processing. The study focuses on the territory of Bulgaria, where in the last three leveling cycles, various methodological and technological approaches for data organization, processing, and analysis have been applied. In this context, taking into consideration the large volume of accumulated data from the different reali...

Developing processes with minimal environmental impact is essential for the production of the important intermediates and final products. Present study explores the green and low-cost synthesis of new halogenated derivatives of 1-aminoanthraquinone under catalyst free conditions at room temperature. These derivatives find wide practical application due to their unique properties. Numerous studies on the preparation of new derivatives have been devoted to the development of industrial dyes and pigments. These compo...

Background: Climate-related variability increasingly affects the stability and economic sustainability of agricultural production, particularly in grain-producing regions where weather conditions during key phenological stages strongly influence production outcomes. This study addresses the need for an applicable regional model that connects meteorological pressure with economic interpretation in the context of sustainable development. Methods: A key performance indicator-based economic model was developed using d...

The application of C-band InSAR techniques over densely vegetated areas faces critical limitations due to rapid temporal decorrelation, which requires the deployment of corner reflectors (CR) to ensure stable control points. In this context, traditional site selection criteria are often empirical and tend to overlook the spatiotemporal variability of interferometric coherence. In this study, a multicriteria methodology based on a spatial decision-making framework is proposed to optimize the selection of corner ref...

This paper examines the applicability of machine learning techniques to spatial data modeling and identification of urban patterns using a limited set of demographic and geographic indicators. Drawing on sector-level data for Bucharest from the National Institute of Statistics of Romania, the analysis uses surface area, population, population density, and distance to the city center computed as Euclidean distance between sector centroids and a defined central reference point as variables. The dataset is processed ...

Cadastral maps play an important role in the land administration system (LAS), enhancing the certainty and security of legal proceedings. Under ideal conditions, the content of cadastral maps should accurately reflect the “actual state” (in the field) and the “legal state” (as per legal documents) and correspond with the written component of the LAS. This article analyzes the depiction of watercourses and water bodies in cadastral maps. Their content, level of detail, and method of cartographic interpretat...

The maintenance of a modern vertical reference system in Bulgaria, aligned with the European Vertical Reference System (EVRS) standards, is directly dependent on the precise knowledge of the Earth's gravity field. The research presented in this paper is motivated by the 5th cycle of the 1st order National Leveling Network (NLN) re-measurement, initiated in 2021, which involves complex observations across 55 leveling lines. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the extent to which existing gravity reso...

The paper presents the results of investigations on the in-service behavior of concrete structures used in fruit and vegetable processing facilities, where environmental conditions are characterized by high chemical and biological aggressiveness. In such environments, concrete surfaces are continuously or periodically exposed to liquid media containing organic acids and microorganisms, as well as to significant variations in temperature and humidity. These factors lead to accelerated degradation processes, manifes...

This paper represents the results of an experimental investigation of the thermal behaviour of Building Integrated Photovoltaic Panels (BIPV), evalauted in three configuration differentiated by the geometry on the rear ventilation chanel a non-ventilated panel (P1), a 10 x 10 mm longitudinal channels (P2) and a 30x10mm chanels (P3). Measurements were carried out between 10 and 18 of March 2026 using infrared thermography measurements and K type thermocouples under a vertical plane solar irradiation between 890 and...

Agricultural land abandonment represents a significant landscape-forming process affecting vegetation structure, soil stability, and the functionality of agroecosystems. This paper focuses on the identification and mapping of agricultural unused land (AUL) in the cadastral territory of Velke Trencianske Stankovce (Trencin district, western Slovakia). The analysis is conducted on 371 state-owned parcels and parcels with unknown or unidentified ownership managed by the Slovak Land Fund, covering a total area of 98.0...

Peat is one of the most important natural resources in Latvia. Peat extraction in Latvia occurs mainly from raised bogs (high bogs) and represents an important economic sector, mainly focused on horticulture. Of the total affected area, which exceeds 50 thousand hectares, approximately 18 thousand hectares are no longer actively exploited and require management, renaturalization or recultivation. Since the main tool for preventing rapid degradation of cutover peat soils is vegetation restoration, one of the scenar...

In the context of current global debates about assuring sustainability of human society renewable energy resources have started to find a main role regarding assuring needed energy supply on different levels. In the last time it has been noticed that Artificial Intelligence, AI is transforming the renewable energy sector by optimizing the usage of energy resources like wind, solar, and hydro, which are per-se not constantly available. By applying AI in connection to using renewable energy resources, improving odds...

Mining projects in structurally complex geological environments are significantly affected by uncertainty related to fault systems, fracture networks and groundwater pathways. This uncertainty directly impacts exploration efficiency, slope stability and operational safety. This paper presents an integrated workflow combining petroleum-style subsurface interpretation, AI-assisted digital geological analysis and geomechanical modelling. The approach focuses on transforming heterogeneous geological datasets into cohe...

Air pollution is considered one of the most significant environmental and public health challenges in the Mitrovica region, primarily influenced by industrial activities, urban traffic, fossil fuel combustion, and various factors associated with industrial waste. Real-time monitoring of air pollutants and environmental parameters is essential for identifying high-risk areas and supporting environmental protection policies. This study presents the development and implementation of an intelligent air quality monitor...

Accurate flow measurement is an essential aspect of industrial process monitoring, laboratory experimentation, and modern energy systems. Differential pressure flowmeters, particularly orifice-based devices, remain widely used due to their simplicity, robustness, and standardized measurement principles. However, conventional manufacturing of such components typically requires precision machining, which can increase production costs and reduce flexibility during prototyping and design optimization. This study prese...

Our study provides the implementation of the modern concept "All in One - Total Tourism", already experienced within Bioterra University in the Student Practice Center in Neptun-Comorova Resort, with subsequent scaling at the international level with our bilateral collaboration partner in this field: the Institute of Advanced Specific Studies in Giza-Egypt. The applicability of the concept was achieved through a study conducted in Siwa Oasis, Egypt. This is a top destination, one of the most isolated and fascinati...

The first unmanned rover landed on the lunar surface in November 1970. Since then, more than a dozen vehicles of this class have operated on the Moon and other celestial bodies, yet none of them has been equipped with a tracked (continuous-belt) suspension, chiefly because of its mass, which significantly increases launch cost. In parallel, scientific instrumentation continues to be miniaturised, as exemplified by the growing adoption of CubeSat-class platforms. This paper presents the prototype of the #COSMOBOSS ...

In the midst of an energy crisis, coal remains essential to the energy mix of many countries. Over time, coal reserves inevitably deplete, and as a result, coal mining progresses, and mines are closed and abandoned. Abandoned mines continue to emit methane for many years after closure, yet their emissions remain uncontrolled and unmonitored in many coal-producing regions. Closed mines may offer a small but significant opportunity to exploit a clean energy resource, known as Abandoned Mine Methane (AMM), which can ...

Functional fragmentation remains a critical constraint in information-intensive organizations, limiting workflow coherence and reducing overall process performance. This study provides an empirical analysis of workflow–structure alignment, with particular emphasis on coordination and governance mechanisms as means of integrating fragmented functional activities. Drawing on Business Process Management (BPM) and socio-technical systems theory, alignment is conceptualized as the integration of organizational struct...

In order to achieve sustainable economic development, a good way in which this aspect can be realized in Romania, as in any nation, is to accelerate energy transformations and increase energy efficiency. Through sustainable financing, the link between economic development and environmental protection is ensured. Sustainable development is justified through green financing and is among the widely discussed issues related to environmental economics and sustainable finance. At a global level, they have been imperativ...

This paper analyses a multi-apartment residential building undergoing staged renovation during the heating season using real-time, hourly metered heat consumption data over two consecutive winters in a temperate-cold climate. The renovation is implemented in clearly identifiable phases, which enables an empirical, measure-by-measure assessment of changes in heating demand as works progress. The analysed interventions include insulation of basement heat distribution pipework, attic insulation, external wall insulat...

The present work investigates the performance of the Fantanele-Cogealac wind farm through the application of a neural-network-based modeling approach, aiming to capture the correlations between various meteorological parameters and the performances of a wind turbine. As a first step, the meteorological conditions from the vicinity of this site were evaluated from a statitiscal and seasonal point of view, by considering MERRA-2 dataset covering the time interval 2018-2025. The results are indicated in terms of surf...

Studies on the effect of climate change on water resources in the 21st century indicate an increase in intense rainfall, an increase in the duration of the dry season, and a decrease in snowfall and, accordingly, snow cover. Based on data from the EURO-CORDEX project, the average multi-year monthly runoff amounts (Copernicus Climate Change Service, Climate Data Store, 2021) for each 30-year period and for the reference period for a rectangular area covering the territory of Bulgaria have been calculated. Climatic ...

Anthropogenic imprints, including hydromorphological pressure and illegal land use through unauthorised dumping and wastewater discharge, are various forms of human activity that often have lasting impacts on the natural environment. Despite this, integrating them into ecological assessments and water and natural resource management remains underexplored at the river basin scale. This study aims to investigate and analyse illegal dumping and pressures on freshwater resources in the Chepinska and Chepelarska River ...

The present study aims to evaluate the antibacterial potential of syrups derived from the buds of indigenous Romanian conifers, specifically silver fir (Abies alba) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). The research is motivated by the increasing clinical interest in natural bioactive compounds as viable alternatives or adjuncts to synthetic pharmaceutical agents. By utilizing traditional extraction methods on raw materials harvested from natural forest ecosystems, this work seeks to characterize the therapeutic and ...

The crankshaft run-up process is a critical transient phase in internal combustion engine operation, during which the engine transitions from rest or low rotational speed to a stable operating condition. This process is governed by the interaction between combustion-generated torque, mechanical resistance, and the inertia of the rotating system. Accurate modelling of this phase is important for improving engine design, reducing experimental effort, and better understanding transient engine dynamics. This paper pre...

This paper addresses the safety of railway crossings as critical elements of transport infrastructure where rail and road traffic interact. The current design approach is primarily based on normative assessment of individual parameters, such as road geometry and sight conditions, typically evaluated in isolation. However, this approach does not sufficiently capture the interactions between parameters, which significantly influence the overall level of safety. The aim of the paper is to identify inappropriate combi...

The paper examines the application of different monitoring methods for slope processes in determining the location and geometry of the slip surface in landslides. An integrated approach is presented, combining field engineering geological reconnaissance, geodetic monitoring of surface displacements, engineering geological and hydrogeological investigations, inclinometer measurements, and penetration tests. The capabilities and limitations of the individual methods in identifying active shear zones and the depth of...

Current applications of thermal analysis in ductile iron production are largely limited to routine monitoring, while its potential for quantitative prediction and resource-efficient process control remains underutilized. This study addresses this gap by establishing direct relationships between melt composition, thermal parameters, and resulting material performance. Sixteen industrial melts of ferritic ductile iron were produced with systematically varied charge compositions and metallurgical treatments. Cooling ...

The article explores the role of artificial intelligence as a tool for transforming ESG reporting and innovative development of the banking sector. It is substantiated that, in the context of increasing regulatory requirements, the growing importance of sustainable green financing, and the rising expectations of investors and customers, ESG reporting is gradually becoming a strategic tool for the sustainable development of banking activities. It is proven that the use of AI improves the quality, accuracy, transpar...

Environmental sustainability serves as a critical foundation for socioeconomic advancement. From a holistic viewpoint, regional sustainability relies on the interplay between environmental, social, and economic systems. While overpopulation is widely viewed as a primary threat to these systems, the challenges faced by regions experiencing population decline also serve attention. This paper examines the environmental and demographic traits of Latvia, analyzing the socioeconomic and ecological consequences of popula...

The article presents the probability of degradation processes using remote sensing data on the example of the Kryvyi Rih Ukrainian test polygon, a territory with high anthropogenic impact. The probable changes in the state of the natural environment caused by degradation processes are analyzed across 17 amalgamated territorial communities within the Ukrainian test polygon. The territorial communities were ranked according to the values of the land degradation index used in the EWALD project based on the standard d...

The research focuses on the main aspects of assessing the hydrobiological and ecological state of small reservoirs in the context of current climate change and its impact on food resources. In the context of anthropogenic load, the impact of military actions on the ecosystems of southern Ukraine, the topic is highly relevant and timely. Given the complex impact of these processes on the food resources of aquatic ecosystems, fish productivity and hydroecological state, the topic also has increased practical signifi...

This study investigates macroplastic pollution in the Ishem River, cited as one of the most polluted fluvial systems in Europe. The Ishem mouth is inside the marine protected areas (MPAs) Patok-Fushekuqe-Ishem and an important bird area (IBA). Also located near the Ishem Mouth is Cape Rodon, a nature reserve within the protected landscape/seascape area. Conducted within the framework of a joint scientific research agreement between Albania and Austria, this research aims to quantify macroplastic transport and eval...

This paper highlights the results of the assessment of operational risks related to the components of the dangerous goods transport chain. Due to the fact that multiple parties are involved in handling and transport procedures, numerous different risks may arise during activities involving dangerous goods. By identifying and assessing risks, the most critical ones are identified and evaluated according to the potential damage they may cause to the entire transport chain. The results of the risk assessment in the t...

Soil microelements play an essential role in plant nutrition and in the biochemical and physiological processes that influence crop growth, development, and productivity. Imbalances in the availability of micronutrients may lead to nutrient deficiencies, reduced fertilizer efficiency, and lower agricultural yields. This study aimed to evaluate the content of important soil microelements, such as zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn), and to analyze their relationship with agricultural crop producti...

This study assesses surface water quality along the Sf. Gheorghe Branch of the Danube Delta (km 85-km 15) and adjacent control sectors, in order to assess the influence of both natural processes and anthropogenic pressures on aquatic environmental conditions. In situ measurements were performed at 97 stations during the June and September 2025 campaigns using a YSI EXO2 multiparameter probe. The monitored indicators were temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, total dissolved solids, salinity, turbidity, ...

The purpose of this study is to implement parts of the requirements of the European Green Deal in individual housing construction in Slovakia. The research methodology consisted of two parts: an analysis of selected building materials and a case study evaluating the possibilities for selecting materials with a more favourable carbon footprint. The building materials used for the construction of perimeter walls - YTONG, CLT panels, NOBASIL, and ISOVER - were evaluated based on their Global Warming Potential (GWP) v...

This article examines the mineral composition of the waters of important rivers in the Adjara region: the Chvana, Adjaristkali, Merisi, and Chorokhi. These rivers are part of the Black Sea basin and are used for drinking water supply, domestic needs, and agriculture, while the Adjara region is an important tourist destination. The study was conducted using an IGPE-9820 plasma atomic emission spectrometer. The concentrations of aluminum, boron, barium, beryllium, arsenic, calcium, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper,...

The aim of the study was to evaluate selected properties of fly ash and bottom ash produced after co-combustion of biomass (30%) and hard coal in a fluidized bed boiler. As part of the study, the pH of the test material was determined and its elemental composition was analyzed using X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Additionally, the ecotoxic properties of combustion by-products (CBPs) were assessed using an acute toxicity test on aqueous extracts (relative to the test plant: Lepidium sativum) and a standardized phytotoxi...

Insufficient investment activity in the Bulgarian forestry sector raises questions regarding the financial efficiency of potential forestry investment opportunities. The study estimates the financial efficiency and investment risk of creation a 4 ha plantation of Populus x canadensis cv. I-214 under Bulgarian conditions. The analysis is based on plantation model located within the territorial scope of the State Forestry Asenovgrad and assumes a 20-year rotation period. Financial efficiency is assessed by means of ...

Inadequate management of mining tailings represents a major environmental challenge in Latin America, particularly in mining districts where these deposits are often located near communities and water bodies, increasing the risk of environmental contamination. This study assesses the polluting potential of a community tailings dam located in the Zaruma–Portovelo mining district, one of the country’s most important gold-mining areas. Ten tailings samples were collected and subjected to physicochemical and miner...

This paper evaluates the potential of formation waters from mature oil fields of the Volga–Ural petroleum province as a source of valuable components. The study addresses the growing demand for strategic elements such as lithium, bromine, strontium, and rare earth elements, and the need to identify alternative resource bases. The research is based on a review and analysis of published geochemical data on produced waters from major oil fields, including Romashkinskoye, Orenburgskoye, and Arlanskoye. The concentra...

The Romanian electricity market has undergone substantial structural transformations during the last decade as a consequence of energy transition policies, increasing integration of renewable energy sources and geopolitical developments affecting European energy systems. The period between 2024 and 2025 represents a relevant timeframe for evaluating the evolution of electricity generation, consumption patterns and the balance between supply and demand within the national energy system. This study provides an asses...

The central part of the Czech Republic, called the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands, is well known for its historical mining activities, especially silver ores in the Jihlava district, dating back to the medieval period. Evidence of historical mining is still visible in the local landscape. This article analyses water samples collected at various locations within the so-called Pekelska stola (Hollen Stollen), near the town of Strbrne Hory. The mining activities in this adit have been documented since the 17th century; ...

Drilling fluids are essential for safe and efficient oil and gas well construction, performing critical functions such as cuttings transport, pressure control, borehole stabilization, and bit lubrication. Traditional manual testing according to API standards provides only intermittent data, often leading to delayed responses and increased risks of kicks, lost circulation, stuck pipe, or formation damage – especially in complex unconventional, deepwater, and high-pressure/high-temperature wells. This paper propos...

Petroleum-related pollution remains a persistent threat to aquatic ecosystems in the Niger Delta, particularly in communities near active oil infrastructure. This study assessed total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), sixteen priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and selected 5 heavy metals (Chromium, Cadmium, Lead, Nickel and Zinc) in sediment and two edible benthic organism the periwinkle (Tympanotonus fuscatus) and the mangrove crab (Callinectes amnicola) samples collected at an oil company"s pipeline p...

Understanding the ability of plants to accumulate trace elements from soils is essential for environmental monitoring and phytoremediation studies. This research investigates the bioaccumulation capacity of the plant Amaranthus viridis and Chenopodium album in relation to the chemical composition of the soils in which it grows. Concentrations of trace elements including Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Co were determined in both plant tissues and corresponding soil samples. To evaluate the ability of the plant t...