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In the process of hydraulic fracturing (HF), pressurized fluid is supplied to an isolated interval of the well. This causes the formation of an artificial crack, the growth direction of which greatly affects the method efficiency. It is especially important to take this into account when designing in-mine hydraulic fracturing for the solid minerals development. In this case HF is carried out close to underground workings and other inseam boreholes and these factors can influence the stress-strain state of stimulat...

Operations carried out within the oil and gas industry involve the risk of explosions which might lead to work accidents with significant consequences for personnel and installations. The release of a hydrocarbon gas due to various reasons such as improper selected equipment or its’ malfunction, staff negligence, lack of maintenance a.s.o. in mixture with air generates a potentially explosive atmosphere if the mixture’s concentration ranges between certain limits, the so-called Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) and Uppe...

Unlike friable rocks, salt behaves pseudoplastic when blasted, which leads to other premises of the blasting technique compared to those applied for stratified sedimentary or eruptive rocks. Here can also add the salt inhibitory character on the thermodynamic parameters of the explosions, with effects on their efficiencies as well as some particularities of the execution of the blasting works due to the presence of methane gas in the salt mines. The article presents the results of the research carried out in fired...

Activity of many industrial enterprises is accompanied with considerable amount of liquid technogenic waste products containing toxic heavy and non-ferrous metal ions as well as petroleum products, oils, and surfactants that are discharged to surface water together with waste water and used technical solutions. Therefore, efficient wastewater treatment is one of the main directions to decrease the industrial negative impact on the environment. The main sour?es of wastewater pollution with heavy and non-ferrous met...

QDaedalus systems are currently used for astronomical observations to obtain astrogeodetic vertical deflections (VDs). Astronomical observations cannot be made under the same conditions as geodetic observations (e.g., GNSS), because meteorological factors (e.g., cloud cover during observation, high humidity, fog, etc.) and timing of the observations may directly affect the observed benchmarks, particularly regarding precision and accuracy determinations of the VD components observed with the QDaedalus system. For ...

The problem of the antibiotic resistance of bacteria inhabiting the guts of poultry and livestock and furthermore manures and fertilizers prepared from manures is recognized as one of the most serious problems in agriculture. Composting is described as an effective way to reduce the abundance of antibiotic-resistant genes in the final product, however such a positive effect is not always guaranteed. The addition of highly porous components like biochar into composting mixtures is applied nowadays in order to impro...

Today's society encounters cyber attacks on the energy sector not only on a theoretical level but unfortunately also in reality. The total number of cyberattacks is still rising, despite the ever-evolving defense against them. The article contains an overview of the largest cyberattacks in history on the energy sector and ways to carry them out. A cyber attack is a situation where a hacker or their group tries to gain access to key information or elements of the infrastructure. These can be power plants, their con...

The desire of modern society to live more and more prosperously contributes to the extinction of less productive animal species. The most commercially viable varieties are increasingly being used, thus endangering the conservation of genetic diversity. One of the preconditions for the conservation of farm animal genetic resources is the development and implementation of conservation programs for local breeds so that they can be used and improved, thus contributing to global food security and their conservation for...

Based on 3D modelling tools, an extensive database was created and used for differentstudies of atmospheric composition. The simulations were based on the US EPA Model-3 system. The models in the system were adapted and validated for Bulgaria. This gavethe opportunity to conduct extensive studies on a fully competitive modern level of theclimate of atmospheric composition in the country. On this basis, a statistically significantensemble of Air Quality indexes (AQI) was calculated, and their typical recurrence,spa...

Among its activities, the construction industry has a significant impact on the environment. In recent years, therefore, emphasis has been placed on the sustainability of building structures and materials, and ways and means are being sought to achieve this. Specifically, it is about reducing emissions and using the waste produced by recycling materials, e.g. aggregate. The motivation for using recycled aggregates is also to reduce dependence on natural resources, which are declining. The article deals with the as...

Using an integrated approach to evaluate the quality of the reservoir and the potential of production is getting more and more important in petroleum geology. This integrated approach was used to analyse the quality of an old Miocene reservoir in the Moesian Platform, Romania. While this paper goes through all the main components of an integrated study (seismic, petrophysics, reservoir engineering), the main focus was on well data. This research focused on modelling the structure using mainly well data. The reserv...

Due to the ever-growing importance of resource conservation and sustainable lifestyle, people are searching for new, alternative solutions that will enable a more sustainable use of resources. Because energy production is one of the most pollution-intensive industries, a major factor is renewable energy, which reduces the amount of industry pollution and facilitates sustainable use of resources. One of the sustainable energy resources are Salix and the wood chips produced from them, which are used in energy produc...

The aim of the study is the evaluation of multispectral imaging by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and free available satellite data (Sentinel — 2) for the diagnosis of the nutritional status of winter wheat. For this purpose, a field trial was established in 2020 (28 ha of winter wheat), both on the fields of farm enterprise ZD Kojcice (Pelhrimov, Czech Republic). The observation of the fields was performed in two vegetation phases important for the application of nitrogen fertilizers to cereals by topdressing (BB...

Land reclamation is an improvement of land, which reduces the adverse effects of climate conditions and ensures the sustainable use of natural resources. Latvia is in humid soil area, which means that soils are formed under wet conditions. During the spring and autumn, these soils are wetted and unsuitable for land treatment. The installation of drainage systems shall ensure the reception of excess humidity and its removal from agricultural land, which makes it possible to process the land and to carry out economi...

The mitigation of GHG emissions from anthropogenic ecosystems is one of a challenge for following decades. Successful GHG emission mitigation scenarios can be developed if there are tools to predict GHG emission trends according to climate, soil conditions, farm management practices, and other factors. One of the essential GHG emission sources is managed agricultural soils, and the most important factors are soil conditions, soil moisture, and temperature. The conceptual hydrological model METQ has been created un...

Adaptation of materials of Internet resources is the provision of relevant content with maximum consideration for the individual characteristics and needs of the user. Thus, the system developers are regularly tasked with showing users the information that meets their tasks and interests, paying attention to the moments that really have value for certain categories of users. This article is devoted to one of the options for solving this problem. The article discusses the construction of a matrix-graph model for pr...

The use of information and communication technologies has many benefits. Based on many studies, their level is not sufficient. This can be caused by several factors and obstacles. Communication and ICT competencies are one of the key factors for the active use of advanced technologies for the management of sustainable construction projects. This digital age requirements systematic communication and project management. In this pandemic time, it can be considered an even more important requirement. It is the level o...

Annually, worldwide the food industry generates huge quantities of plastic packaging (polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, etc.) and due to their chemical structure takes hundreds of years to degrade, thus creating major environmental problems. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop biodegradable films that can be used for food packaging and to identify their physical and mechanical properties. The biodegradable films were obtained using 150 ml Milli-Q water and different ...

Balanced development of ecosystem services in regions is one way of achieving the UN's sustainable development goals. Ecosystem services are divided into three main groups: First delivery services. Nature supplies us food and drinking water, raw materials and alternative energy sources. Thanks to natural biodiversity, we can grow a variety of vegetables and fruit, gather berries and mushrooms in the woods, and fish in the sea, rivers and lakes. Nature also supplies drinking water, which is the source of life for e...

The Danube-Black Sea Channel, inaugurated in 1984, although it has a dark history, is also of significant importance at European level, being the third longest navigable channel in the world, after the Suez Channel and the Panama Channel and connects the North Sea to the Black Sea through the Rhine-Main-Danube Channel, shortening the route of goods transport from Australia to Central Europe by 400 kilometers. The channel has a total length of 95.6 km and consists of two branches, a main one having 64.4 km long and...

The pollution, climate changes, loss of biodiversity and other factors have an impact on human health and is one of reasons to develop and try to come closer to the goals of sustainable development. The Agenda 2030 requires innovations and switch from linear economy to resilient and circular economy. To achieve sustainability there is a need for education for sustainable development. This term is actual already for two decades but still integration of education for sustainable development in study programs is a pr...

Currently, the task of modifying the technological properties of mineral raw materials for the construction industry, road construction and the oil industry based on clay in order to obtain the specified characteristics, provided that the production cost is reduced, is relevant. The results of the study of the acid-base characteristics of the clay suspension surface without and in the presence of modifying additives that improve the plasticity of the mass, reduce shrinkage and crack formation in baked ceramics are...

This article describes gas hydrates formation, with methane and carbon dioxide as guest compounds, in a small-scale experimental apparatus, appositely designed to reproduce marine offshore reservoirs. The sediment consisted of pure quartz porous sand impregnated with FeSi3 particles, which are produced via gas-atomization and are usually destined to applications in additive manufacturing. Experimental results were compared with the theoretical equilibrium conditions for both types of hydrates. It was established t...

The hydrogenation of carbon dioxide (CO2) to methanol in presence of nanocatalysts has been reported as the one of the most economical and effective ways to reduce CO2 emissions. Over the past several decades, numerous efforts have been made to develop effective catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol. Among these, the CuO and ZnO based catalysts were highly active for methanol synthesis. Many studies have shown that SBA-15 (Santa Barbara Amorphous or mesoporous silica has good application prospects as a catal...

One of the main tasks of open pit mining, besides maintaining the planned productivity, is to ensure the safety of production and personnel, and to keep the stability of the elements of open pit geotechnology. The open-pit mining operations form a large open-pit excavation for dozens of years, which results in a gradual change in the properties and state of the adjacent rock mass and in a decrease in its strength and elastic characteristics. This circumstance makes periodic monitoring of the geomechanical state of...

The purpose of the research is to analyze the development of techniques and the formation of ESG -Rating and investment attractiveness of natural resources companies. The basis of the author's technique laid calculation complex rated on the basis of financial and non-financial indicatives: air pollution; water usage; solid waste emission; environmental costs; investment activity. The developed method scientific novelty is in the usage of a systematic approach to the development of the ESG - Rating and due to the a...

The European Green Deal is one of the attempts to make our economy more sustainable in the long run, and these issues have been increasingly raised in Latvia over the recent years. Promoting changes in daily food consumption habits could also improve people’s quality of life in the future. In a globalized food system, small and local businesses are often being pushed out of the market, which is divided between the big producers and food chains. However, food is also part of each country’s unique cultural heritage ...

Solid-state dissolution by sintering in the presence of Na2O2, a strong oxidizing agent, isreported in the present study as a preparatory procedure prior analysis by ICP-MS. Theadequacy of the combined procedure for the purpose of identification of potentialsecondary sources for REEs from difficult matrixes like, for example, mining wasteswas investigated. The method was applied to Certified Reference Materials (CRMs)with silicate-rich complex matrices, namely rhyolite, and granite. From each materialtwo sample we...

Terrain mapping has always been a process that ensured the economic development of countries and regions of the world. This was achieved due to the well-coordinated work of geodesists who receive geodata and cartographers presenting these data in the form of a cartographic image. For many centuries, the main task of cartographers was to accurately show the location of objects and their main characteristics using map symbols and cartographic methods. In the XX century, ideas about the essence and content of terrain...

Cadastre and Land Registry for Alba County in relation to the other counties of our country. Alba County is made up of 78 administrative territorial units, in which, within the framework of the programme, systematic registration works are carried out, both at cadastral sector and at ATU level. The works have been and continue to be financed from the own revenues of the National Agency for Cadastre and Real Estate Advertising (ANCPI), through the Office for Cadastre and Real Estate Advertising (OCPI) of Alba, but a...

The economic development of the Arctic region is a priority for the Russian Federation in the coming years, and this creates new challenges for Russian science in developing technologies and devices that can reliably and effectively function in the harsh conditions of the deeply negative temperatures of the northern territories. The paper examines the basic principles of low-temperature operation of molecular-electronic devices for recording motion parameters and wave fields, namely, the step-by-step operation of ...

The COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic has negatively affected all sectors of the economy around the world. At the same time, tourism was one of the most affected business sectors. The history of tourism shows that the industry is exposed to crisis phenomena earlier than any other sphere of economic activity, but it adapts to new conditions much faster and more flexibly. The crisis of 2020-2021 is usually compared with other crises that the tourism industry experienced in the 2000s in Russia. In this paper the characte...

A Geopark is a demarcated area with particularly interesting geologic heritage. Since the physical landscape is intimately related to both cultural and ecological characteristics, knowledge about geological sites can be essential for management of the resources in these settings. In this context, we suggest the term “Landscape Geopark” in order to stress the regional system perspective. Therefore, various stakeholders need to be included in Geopark planning, including researchers, tourists, seasonal and permanent ...

An immunological diagnostic examination of 255 children permanently residing in the zone of influence of exogenous haptens and the intense climate of the Arctic was performed. The control group consisted of 130 children living in the territory beyond the influence of exogenous chemical and climatogeographic factors. Determination of total serum immunoglobulins G, A, M was performed using the Mancini radial immunodiffusion reaction. The concentration of total IgE, neuron-specific enolase and VEGF was determined usi...

The main objective of the study was to estimate the level of shallow well water pollution and the impact of natural and anthropogenic factors on it and to use the research results for the prognosis of the pollution level and the reduction of pollution. The subject research is water of shallow wells. Analysis of the shallow well water quality has been carried out in Lithuania, Kaunas region, in 83 shallow wells. Wells situated in Pypliai village were chosen for a more detailed examination. Shallow wells are usually...

In 2019, a new, modern Strategy of the Environmental Policy of the Slovak Republic until 2030 (the Envirostrategy 2030) was approved. The previous one has been in force since 1993, so it was only a matter of time before implementing a strategy to address current environmental challenges and problems. Along with industry and energy, transport is one of the main producers of greenhouse gas emissions. According to the statistics of the Ministry of the Environment of the Slovak Republic, the amount of greenhouse gas e...

When building new or upgrading existing control centers, ergonomists and designers strive to design solutions that improve operators' working conditions, including work comfort, and reduce their psychological burden stemming from the complexity of their activities and the high responsibilities they bear. However, meeting the needs of operators, while adapting to space constraints or specific technical requirements for the control system, is very difficult. Coping with this difficult task, therefore, requires a res...

The growing importance of a cultivated environment with a high population density was an incentive for the authors to find and compile a new, more sensitive sophisticated approach to the valuation of immovable cultural monument. Primarily, objects with significant historical and architectural value were examined, for which there was a high possibility of finding and defining suitable criteria with an impact on the valuation of real estate. The research focused on immovable cultural monuments located in the statuto...

The packaging of a food product is an extremely important step in its path from development to the final consumer. The packaging has important functions: preservation and protection of packaged products, handling, storage and transport, as well as promotion. Most consumers choose a product based on its packaging, so we can say that it is the business card of a product. But because the consumer has refined his preferences and become more and more attentive to what he buys, the industry is looking for solutions to c...

The reduction of fuel consumption in the engine was experimentally investigated in cogeneration system with the participation of 1:4000 vol. CeO2 concentrate (Bluediesel): diesel fuel. CeO2 concentrate purifies combustion chamber and after burns hydrocarbons which in turn affects lowering the fuel consumption. This work was carried out with the engine load at the level of 0-4000W and it shows that in the presence of the Bluediesel concentrate, fuel consumption is 5-7 wt. % lower than in case of diesel oil consumpt...

In recent decades, there have been some changes in the salinity, quality, and average temperature of the Black Sea water. Among other modifications, there was a significant decrease in the dolphin population on the Romanian coast. The decrease in the number of species Tursios trucantus ponticus, Delphinus delphis ponticus, and Phoococena phocoena relicata species found in this area required more detailed research to obtain information about their living conditions and migration. Located at the top of the ecologica...

In many cities from Romania, the water supply systems are very old, sometimes having over 60 years after their commissioning. Under these conditions, permanent large leakages are recorded. They are significant for the operator, influencing its economic performance and operating costs. The water supplier must understand the mechanism of water leaks and their influence on the performance of distribution network. The losses recorded by the system are unused for the purpose for which the supply was made, representing ...

Belt conveyors constitute an important part of the machinery for the underground and surface mining of materials. In the course of time, conveyor belts proved to be the most efficient way of transporting material, which is still valid not only in the mining industry. For the transport of rocks to a mine disposal site, a combination of multiple belt conveyors is necessary. Places of transfer belong to the most stressed parts and there are frequent breakdowns. They operate in difficult conditions and are subject to ...

Changing climate variability and the type of land use are the main factors influencing the hydrological regime. The hydrological regime of the lake has a direct impact on biodiversity and has an impact on socio-economic processes in areas adjacent to the lake. The aim of the study is to predict and assess the impact of climate change and the change in the type of land use on the hydrological regime of Lake Usma. Two linear land-use change scenarios were used for modelling. Twelve climate scenarios were used to mod...

The article presents the data obtained by the authors during the expedition research in the largest bay of the Azov Sea - the Taganrog Bay. Its characteristic feature is shallowness, flowing due to water exchange with the Don, small rivers, and the development of surge phenomena. The ecosystem of the bay has been experiencing strong anthropogenic pressure for several decades. The authors analyzed the behavior and distribution of mercury dissolved and suspended forms in the surface and bottom layers of water, depen...

The existing approach to organizing big data processing requires the analyst to understand the set of initial data. This understanding presupposes the presence of knowledge not only about the list of available characteristics, their fullness, noisiness, etc., but also about the nature of their occurrence - the semantics of the data. Big data semantics can be represented using context. The context in the project refers to the activity in which the data is used or because of which was obtained. Applied scientific ap...

Urban agriculture has become increasingly topical in recent years due to both social trends and challenges of sustainable development. Although functions of the urban agriculture, especially economic and social, have been widely explored since the 1990s, the focus is mostly on regions where urban agriculture practices are strategies for survival and basic food security or on highly metropolitan cities, with little focus on countries and cities with a relatively medium or even low population density, thus excluding...

The work is devoted to the assessment of the natural protection of groundwater in the Ternopil oblast (Ukraine). The evaluation is based on the parametric method of V. M. Holdberh. The characteristics of the geological structure of the aeration zone and aquifers are given. The areas of the greatest influence of karst on the protection of aquifers are determined. The stratigraphic confinedness of water intakes and large deposits of groundwater is described for further analysis of their protection. Since more than 5...

Vulnerability, land use and sustainability are some of the main elements of major concern in the last decades that can be translated in practice through efficient development and planning. The role land use plays is recognized worldwide due to the rapid and continuous urban growth and development, which determine the occurrence of new powerful forces leading to social, demographical, environmental, technological and governmental changes. The large number of disasters in recent years demonstrated that the most effe...

Europe currently faces a range of serious ecological problems, such as collapse of avifauna, decline of pollinator biodiversity and widespread soil erosion. Multiple factors affect ecological processes at landscape and regional scales. Most recent European Union (EU) agenda intends to address biodiversity decline and climate change by implementation of green infrastructure, sustainable agriculture and forestry, as well a range of other interventions. However, European Commission generally moves towards decentraliz...