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The current, accurate and complete geoinformation takes important place in the risk assessment and management. Different risks – natural, technological, terroristic and the extent of their importance are analyzed in the paper. The geoinformation sources and geoinformation users, collecting, training, maintenance and data integrating for risk places are shown. The main stages in the risks management and possible strategies for risk assessment and management using GIS are discussed.

The Sabzevar complex ophiolite including igneous rocks consist of peridotites (lherzolite, dunite and harzburgite), serpentinite, gabbros and a volcanic sequence composed of basalts, andesites, rhyolites and basanites. Based on petrographic observations and geochemical analyses of incompatible trace and rare earth elements, three different types of extrusive rocks have been classified. a: Initial molten originated N-MORB-like basalts, which formed after a LREE depleted magmas, and are petrogenetically related to t...

This paper presents the results of an assessment of the earthquake hazard for the Qom province, based on seismotectonic conditions, regional earthquake data and seismicity analyses. The active faults and potential seismic sources of the region are identified and illustrated in a seismotectonic map. A model of earthquake sources has been prepared. The appropriate acceleration attenuation laws are selected and earthquake hazard analysis has been done for the province using an analysis point interval scale of 0.1*0.1...

According to the mineral compositions, paragenesis, relationships and the fluid inclusion microthermometry two stages of skarn alteration within the Rize pluton area have been identified. The first stage (stage I) was characterized by the Spurrite, vesuviavite, wollastonite, magnetite, pyroxene, gehlenite and garnet assemblages at high temperatures ( 750 oC). The second stage (II) occurred at lower temperature ( 500 oC) when the system collapsed, and is characterised by tremolite, low temperature vesuvianite, rust...

The investigations made by us about the micromorphology of the foliar surfaces of two species of gymnosperms in the industrial areas Bicaz and TaЕџca (the NeamЕЈ District, Romania). The investigations of electronic microscopy (S.E.M.) made up at the level of necrotic and/or chlorosis surfaces (top, middle, basis) of the acicular leaves of Pinus sylvestris and Pinus nigra showed changes of the cuticular surface, their contortion, caused by the total disappearance of the parallelism between the cuticular prints, the...

Bulgaria occupies a unique position in south-east Europe in terms of river basin management and control because contamination from metal extraction and processing industries not only has a potential significant trans-border impact but also affects both the Mediterranean and Black Seas. However, to date, no whole basin source to sink study of metal contamination has yet been conducted in the country. This paper begins to address this issue by presenting preliminary results from a survey conducted in August 2004 of ...

At present one has quite a good knowledge of lithospheric plate movement that occurs along such large living fractures as San Andreas in California, North Anatolian in Turkey and others. At the rest of the earth’s territory rock mass for the most part seem to be a static and motionless medium. However, as investigations show, even at small rock mass areas deformation processes of different period and amplitude take place. Such processes that occur in the earth’s crust are connected with a serious risk for obje...

Development of the engineering infrastructure pays a bigger attention on the utilizing of new construction fields. Significant risks are concealed in the construction of the buildings, structures, roads and railroads on the grounds, which had not been an object of the engineering and geological researches. It is possible to arise disadvantageous effects for the construction. Karst fields in Bulgaria hide many potential dangers if engineering and geological researches are insufficient. The object of the present wor...

For increasing the endurance of bucket wheel excavators’ teeth dipper, used in brown coal open pits from Oltenia, were made theoretic researches and experiments finalized with the accomplishment of new dippers and teeth more reliable and more cheeper, which are used according to mechanic characteristics of brown coal and dead-ground from the working faces.

An accidental pollution by hydrocarbon occurred in the zone of the Lake Snagov, about 30 km North of Bucharest. As a consequence, five study wells were made for the purpose of this study, covering the zone possibly affected by pollution. Pumping test were carried out, providing the order of magnitude for the hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer. Calibration of a 3D groundwater flow numerical model was made both in natural and pumping conditions. Several variants for placing new wells were studied. Based on the fl...

The idea of underground coal gasification is connected with the name of Mendeleev 120 years ago. But its practical realization starts during the 30th years of the previous century and continues up to now. There is not any technical or technological problem to perform gasification as a method of processing hard household wastes. In combination with recycling of part of the wastes and utilization of gaseous products of gasification for energy production, this method could be very effective and attractive. If we supp...

Temporary rail ways in open cast mines influence by the accepted speed for the trains. They have influence on the most important indicator of heavy mining mechanization – the productivity of excavators – stope and mounding. This problem has been always underestimated because a priori has been accepted the dependence between the accepted speed and productivity. This research proves another type of functional dependence – fraction-lineal.

Mine backfill can be defined as the material or materials used for filling the underground openings created by the mining process in order to establish and retain safe working conditions. In this study, an overview of the current application of mining operations with paste backfill technology has been examined with a case study from an underground copper-zinc mine located in the northeast Turkey. Due to the elimination of the harmful mine tailings obtained from mill processing and hence the reduced rehabilitation ...

In this paper we present the critical situation of four species of Gymnosperms (Pinus nigra and Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies, Abies alba.) which can be found in areas of industrial zone from Bicaz District, Romania. The pollutants are mainly solid: lime and cement dust. Our investigation it is about the physiological and histo – anatomical modifications of the leaves (needles). We want to stress the fact that the large quantity of dry substance from the leaves isn’t always related to the distance from the pol...

During 2004, pluridisciplinary investigations have been devoted to the abiotic and biotic characteristics of the anthropized ecosystem developed in relation with the domestic litter hills at Tomesti, Iasi. Both abiotic (climate, soil, air) and biotic (talobyontes, chormobyontes, phytophagous invertebrata) parameters have been recorded. The results showed that the urban wastes deposit has a complex impact upon the environment: air pollution with odours and dust, soil pollution with heavy metals (Pb, Ni, Cr, Cd, Cu)...

The concept of labour occupation has know different approaches, developments, completions, contradictory opinions, pointing out a high degree of complexity. To begin with, occupation is a means, labour being a fundamental factor of any development. Then, a lasting development cannot be acquired through waste. In the third way, lasting development is undoubtedly connected to the amount of the income. Finally, environment protection is a field necessary to any economy; as economic development bears fruit, jobs conne...

The importance of the influence of temporary rail ways is deduced on the most essential indicator in open cast mining – the productivity of heavy mining mechanization and it is shown how this can be used in practice and through organizing the whole mining process. Also it can be used when corrections through the exploitation of the mine are needed.

The influence of temporary rail ways over transporting ability through the mining railway net in open cast mines is researched. A functional relation between optimal speed of temporary ways and the transporting ability is found.

It was considered the physical bases of tides. The accent is on the influence of tides over gravimetric measurements. It was accent on the Moon too as a basic planet made tides. It was shown an entire and complete technology for computation of tidal correction and it is applied for real gravimetric measurements. Here was made analysis and conclusions with practical purpose.

The Sabzevar ophiolite is a highly dismembered ophiolite complex located along the northern boundary of the Central Iranian Microcontinet (CIM) and is one of the internal groups of ophiolites and colored melange. The area has various lithological units that are the cause of Sabzevar colored melange zone. There are many chromite pods in the area but the high topography and mountainous condition and inability to trace the hidden lenses, many of them are not explored yet. A mathematical- genetic model could be helpfu...

The mine production is an inflex point of industry due to the fact that the work is conducted in an environment with abruptly changing parameters and at great depths, where the laws of physics are valid through their exceptions. Under these conditions, the main controlling factor is the mine-geological and technological information. Its management is the basis of the modern mine production.

The optimal numbers of runs of a train in open cast mine is one of the most important technical indicators, on which the work of rail transport in mines is evaluated. A functional dependence between the optimum number of runs of a train and the accepted speed on temporary rail ways in a mine is deduced.

All the specialists in open cast mines which are equipped with technological railway transport know that the transporting process has underlined optional character. This is based on several factors. One of them is the levels intensity of possibility of transportation process to be done without any exceptions. The report is on the principles, on which the levels of intensity can be defined.

The former mine Obr\'ancЕЇ M\'\iru and its inner dump is the area of interest situated in the North-bohemian Brown Coal Basins at the North-western border of the Czech Republic. In the course of the mine opening and continuous operation the hydrogeological conditions of the outer environment were significantly impacted or totally changed by previous long-term, first underground, later opencast coal mining. At the turn of the 20th and 21st century abundant effluents of underground waters with low pH and high conten...

The Environment, Agricultural and Urban management is of valuable importance for Bulgaria, because of the following: п‚· Bulgaria is at transition period now with rapid changes in all fields related to environment, agriculture and urban; п‚· The adoption of the Common Agricultural Policy of the EU by Bulgaria will require precise planning of the agriculture which include knowledge about the soil types and structure, relief characteristics, crop and field statistics, yield forecasting, pests management and other al...

The ionosphere is the upper part of the Earth atmosphere, starting at an altitude of about 50 km. It consists of free electrons and ions, mainly generated through solar radiation. GPS observations are delayed within the ionosphere, since it is a dispersive medium for electromagnetic waves. The range error caused by the ionosphere at the GPS operation frequency L1 can reach a few tens of meters. This effect is as a first approximation proportional to the so-called Slant Total Electron Content (STEC) along the ray p...