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The paper presents the research results of the accuracy of robotic total stations automatic sighting using standard and panoramic пїЅ360пїЅ reflectors, which are used for geodesy and mining surveying purposes. Based on the statistical processing of laboratory and field observation data, the relationships between the automatic sighting precision and the various survey conditions were determined. The hypotheses for the correspondence of the statistical law of the obtained errors to the normal and uniform law are ver...

The research paper deals with the issues involved in regulating cooperation between the EU and CIS in their space programs. The environmental factor in exploration and use of outer space for peaceful purposes has become extremely urgent in the light of intensified exploration. Analysis of the international legal regulation of the use and protection of outer space was therefore carried out with specific emphasis on the environmental factors. While many agreements containing no clearly expressed conservation nature ...

Background: To choose a strategy for its educational and economic activities, an ecological university needs a clear understanding of the competitive situation in the education market. This problem is of great importance for the Russian Federation, which has the largest reserves of natural resources and pollution-free areas. High-quality professional training of ecologists in Russian universities has to ensure preservation of the environment and rational nature management. Therefore, to make the right choice of it...

This paper evaluates the abnormalities in monthly, half-year and annual rainfall totals in the Western Tatras Mts for the period 1994 to 2013, issuing from the values recorded at the precipitation stations Bobrovec situated at 632 m a.s.l., Zuberec at 763 m a.s.l. and ?ervenec with an elevation of 1,500 m a.s. l. These stations have also different exposures as for the dominant wind flow: Bobrovec is situated on the leeward side, Zuberec on the windward side and ?ervenec in the summit part of this mountain range. T...

Widespread use of electronic regulators, in order to correlate the working parameters at sprinkling machines imposes making a study to assess the performances of the regulation process in working conditions. To achieve this objective were pursued the following aspects: adequate choice of system components; the achievement in own conception of a electronic regulator for automatic correlation of liquid flow with displacement velocity; choosing and preparing a sprinkling machine on which will be installed the achieve...

Road infrastructure is a vital system that has a direct influence on economy of states. In this regard, there is a direct relationship between the coating conditions of automobile roads and the countryпїЅs industrial development. This dynamic increases intensity and traffic congestion constantly. Thereby, it is necessary to eliminate the damages and increase the exploitation time of road coatings. This concerns mostly asphalt - concrete pavements which form the basis of automobile road networks in countries. Based...

Many informatics tools have been developed based on extensive databases related to terrain modeling and technical objects of the existing hydropower developments. Among them, VAPIDRO-ASTE can be distinguished as a powerful and demonstrated tool, which can be used either for the evaluation of the hydropower potential and the optimization of the complex hydropower development of a river sector, or for the evaluation of an existing hydropower development in order to establish the need of the refurbishment and/or reha...

The aim of this study was to analyzed the effect of calcium ions from gluconate and lactate salt at the level of 100, 150 and 200 mg/100g addition on empirical dough rheological properties from the wheat flour type 1250. Dough empirical rheological properties were analyzed using the Farinograph, Amilograph, Glutograph, Alveograph, and Rheofermentometer devices. These devices allow us to obtain complete informations about dough rheological properties during mixing, pasting and fermentation process of wheat flour do...

The study focusses on an evaluation of the forest changes in the Low Tatras National Park. The used methods are based on the time series of the satellite Landsat images. The impacts of disturbances on the health of vegetation, particularly forest ecosystems, are investigated using time series methods. The main data source is the archive of satellite Landsat data. The selected vegetation indices are used and tested for the purposes of the detection of land cover changes and evaluation of the health of forest. From ...

Several spatially distributed soil moisture estimates of different origin, spatial and temporal resolution are currently available for Europe or individual countries. These estimates range from gridded observations and satellite products to the estimates of large scale and/or spatially distributed water balance models. The estimated soil moisture is potentially useful for improving the water balance assessment with hydrological models in gauged and ungauged basins and reduction of uncertainty in the estimated para...

To evaluate hydrological drought in small basin was used minimum flow parameters like percentiles from the flow duration curve, mean annual minimum flow, base flow index and recession index. Water deficit was estimated based on threshold level method and the sequent peak algorithm. Each method was exemplified using data from hydrometric stations from small basins included in Bahlui drainage basin. The results show that in the period between 1950 and 2014, the average drought duration of the cold season is over 20 ...

The problem of stress state evaluation is really actual for the underground structures been exploited for a long time. Stress and deformation monitoring give opportunity for hazard prevention and planning operation mode of the underground facility. One of the most common methods of deformation control is convergence measurement, but transformation of measured data into stress state of underground structures is quite difficult. A technique for stress state evaluation of underground structures on the base of the ana...

Slovakia with regard to its small size (approximately 49,000 km2) is relatively rich in mineral water sources. This fact also applies to conditions of eastern Slovakia, which is mainly in the northern part concentrated numerous mineral springs in addition to several spas and bottling plant minerпїЅl waters. Eastern Slovakia is part of the Western Carpathians, which are of geological terms divided into five structural-facial zones. In addition to the front to the west of Slovakia interventions on its east: - Flysch...

Asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits (ARPD), are formed in processes of oil recovery on a surface and represent a serious problem for the oil production enterprises from the technical, economic, and ecological points of view. The ARPD quality indicators are an important factor defining effectiveness of removal procedures and searching of ways to its further use. At a late stage of fields exploitation the production processes are complicated by loss of asphaltenes and paraffin immediately in a layer pore space. It is co...

Due to intensive use of pesticides in vegetable farming, especially in pepper crop, residues may be accumulated at levels higher than those permitted by their respective international maximum residue levels (MRLs). The objective of this study was to evaluate residue level of three insecticides belonging to different chemical groups: 1. Actara (a.i. Thiametoksam) which was used at the rate of 1gr and 2gr/10 L water respectively; 2. Dimetogal (a.i. Dimetoate) which was used at the dose of 10ml and 20ml/10L water res...

The development of gully erosion is an urgent problem in many parts of the world. The southern part of Western Siberia belongs to the Russian regions with an extensive development of gully erosion. The occurrence of erodible loess deposits on the earth's surface, the rugged topography, the climate characteristics (a considerable reserve of water in the snow, intensive spring snowmelt, and heavy rains) in combination with a high plough-disturbance of territories create favorable conditions for the formation and dev...

Thermal recovery methods within catalytic aquathermolysis is a new promising exploitation approach in extracting heavy oil and natural bitumen. In this technology, the catalyst is added in a stage of injecting high-temperature steam. At the pay zone, three types of reactions takes place: thermolysis, reaction of high temperature steam and catalysis. As a result, the injected steam changes to water transferring its heat to rocks across the interface. Thus, the interfaces of catalyst solutions and hot rocks are cruc...

Over the past decade, the widespread concern about the staggering effects of climate change, particularly in the agricultural sector, has become very serious. It has been agreed that the inter-annual, monthly and daily distribution of climate variables such as temperature, radiation, precipitation, water vapour pressure in the air and wind speed affects a number of physical, chemical and biological processes that drive the productivity of agriculture. Thus, understanding the possible consequences of climate change...

In order to assess the presence of different raspberry diseases experiments were established during the years of 2015 and 2016, at two locations (LlapashticпїЅ and Peran) in the municipality of Podujevo and two (Mramor and Barilevo) in the municipality of Prishtina. In the experiment were involved four raspberry cultivars (Polka, Autumn Bliss, Willamette and Meeker), which represents the most prevalent cultivars cultivated in our country, while the experiment was conducted according to the method of randomized blo...

The activities of mining and chemical enterprises in Ukraine have reserved a number of environmental issues that affects all elements of the environment and requires immediate solution. Nowadays, in Ukraine, there are still relevant soil subsidence in areas of mining and chemical enterprises, the accumulation of large-tonnage industrial wastes, accumulation and migration of heavy metals in soils. Equally, important is the issue of water pollution in the area of mining and chemical enterprises. The purpose of this ...

In Turkey, it is essential to use agricultural land efficiently by obtaining more harvests from unit area in order to afford the increasing population needs on food supply, generate higher revenue from agriculture, and develop country. In doing so, the key movement is the practice of land consolidation. Land consolidation studies, which started in 1961, have been mainly aimed at linking roads and irrigation networks by clustering amorphous, scattered, fragmented, and small agricultural lands. As gaining momentum i...

The article presents the results of the research carried out in order to assess the possibility of using surface water of the Dniester River in the Halych area, for the public supply of water intended for human consumption. These studies included double sampling of surface water in different seasons and their physicochemical analysis. This assessment was made on the basis of the received data in accordance with the Polish applicable requirements [1]. In addition, an assessment of the water status of the Dniester R...

The article presents the results of the research carried out in order to evaluate the possibility of using the groundwater of the Raba River basin for human consumption, using an indicator dedicated for groundwater (GQI). For this purpose an existing database that contains the results of analyzes of groundwater samples collected from October to December 2005 from wells (18 samples) or springs (21 samples) located in the Raba River basin was used. Samples were taken by one person according to the procedure describe...

The need for construction of new buildings is currently still growing. For construction are also used areas that were previously labelled as unsuitable or less suitable in terms of subsoil. The design, construction and implementation of building foundation, including subsoil modifications (foundation base) has a decisive influence on the building lifespan and its safety. This article presents an application of risk analysis method Umra (Universal Risk matrix analysis) to classify different types of subsoil. The me...

Waste storing and managing is one of the most challenging problems of the modern economy. Previously, drilling waste did not represent a subject of the so-called waste recoverable and utilizable, for instance applicable to land reclamation. Research works on transforming properties of drilling waste and improving the recovery method aimed at reclamation are presently developed. According to the current regulations, the drilling waste can be applied to recovery processes based on utilizing the waste in question who...

The thermal conductivity of a geological structure is a paramount parameter in performing calculations for the proper design and installation of underground heat energy extraction or storage systems. Complex geological investigation must be performed to evaluate the thermal conductivity of a geological structure. It is a process that demands time and money. An assessment of the mutual influence between the thermal conductivity of the borehole heat exchanger and the geological structure allows us to predict the the...

Safe water quality is strongly related with good human health and the presence of undesirable species may pose various disturbances. Accordingly, evaluation of drinking water quality is needed in order to secure if water is appropriate for human consumption. The aim of the research was to evaluate the quality of drinking water collected from M?neciu-Ungureni, Prahova County during 6 sampling campaigns from 7 wells. The evaluation was based on determination of some specific parameters, as follows: pH, electrical co...

In the last twenty years Timisoara proved to be one of the main development centers of Romania, and became the most important economic region in the western part of the country. As part of this evolution the neighbouring settlements of the city began to change, as they became part of a greater new urban system. At first, all initiatives came from the part of investors, mainly based in Timisoara, who were looking for cheap land surfaces for their future projects. Though new investments represented great possibiliti...

The dynamics of economic development in Timi? County is due to an accumulation of macroeconomic factors where the variation of administrative units and population plays an important role. These two important components, highlights developmental trajectories that can be influenced by formulate territorial policies to meet the actual needs. The paper will trace the evolution, over a 5 years period of (2009-2014) of administratively territorial units and the budgets allocated to education, health, culture, and enviro...

In Romania, agricultural farms represent not only the place where agricultural production is made, as it happens in many European countries, but also the place where live and work almost half of the population of the country (45%); it is also meant to solve the social issues of rural inhabitants. The paper presents the analysis of agricultural farms of Romania as contributors to the development and consolidation of rural farms.The research methodology relies on the analysis, synthesis, representation and interpret...

The economic crisis triggered in 2008 in US, affected all countries, with consequences in many fields, construction buildings domain facing a drastic decrease compared to the period 2006-2007. This situation led to the inability of people to do real estate acquisitions, which led clearly to changes in market demands. Experts and real estate developers from all over the world have tried to find different recovery solutions, given that its effects affected a huge number of people and companies. It is known that the ...

In 2007, we celebrate one decade from the institution, in Romania, of protected natural area as sites of community importance, integrant part of the European Ecologic Network Natura 2000. Along these 10 years, we may observe progress in the management and extension of protected areas and implicitly of the Natura 2000Network in Romania, but also a series of impediments and difficulties in the application of this procedure. In this paperwork, we attempt to analyze the evolution of development and management of the S...

One of the main environmental problems nowadays is related to contaminated soils. Soils can be contaminated with different compounds among which, the most widespread being the petroleum hydrocarbons (PH). The contamination of soil with petroleum hydrocarbons (PH) could take place during oil exploration. In this context, contaminated soil remediation is highly necessary. Over the years, different treatment methods for contaminated soil remediation have been applied. The present research illustrates the thermochemic...

Constrained optimization problems are problems for which a function f (x) is to be minimized or maximized subject to constraints ? (x) . Here f : Rn ? R is called the objective function and F(x) is a Boolean-valued formula. In Mathematica the constraints ? (x) can be an arbitrary Boolean combination of equations g (x) ?0 , weak inequalities g (x) >=0, strict inequalities g(x)> 0, x is integer and x>0 statements. A point u ? Rn is said to be a global minimum of f subject to constraints F if u satisfies the constrai...

using GNSS methods. Polish legal regulations concerning the standards of topographic and altimetric surveys only obligate to perform control measurements on at least two points of a horizontal control, located within the distance not longer than 5 km from the surveyed points. Those control measurements should be performed before or during the session of GNSS surveys. Legal regulations in Poland do not specify other technical parameters of GNSS measurement, such as the required number of observed satellites, the pe...

The paper deals with the fundamental rule of extensional logics, namely the rule of Existential Generalization. This rule can be applied in the situation when a function f is applied on its argument a to obtain the value of f at a. If the application does not fail, i.e., if the function f is defined at a, then we can existentially quantify, and derive that there is the value f(a). Our system is based on Transparent Intensional Logic (TIL). Since TIL is a hyperintensional, partial, typed lambda calculus, we examine...

The article is devoted to one of developing directions in the area of improvement of construction properties with soil injection method fixative solution injection in soil under a lot of pressure the result of which happens to cardinally change structure massive soil and the formation of a rigid routinely inscribed in earth cover and forming along with compacted soil structure dubbed пїЅGeocompositeпїЅ. The method found wide application how for improve mechanical property of soils under new construction as well as...

Concrete production has high adverse effect on the quality of environment, and its sustainability is open question for material researchers and producers. In addressing the environmental concerns of concrete manufacturing and problems relating to the disposal of wastes and industrial by-product and also economic advantages, application of secondary raw materials in composition of concrete mix is of the particular importance both from the environmental and financial point of view. A substantial growth in the consum...

The aim of this study was experimental assessing the emission of greenhouse gasses (CO2, CH4) from decomposed coarse woody debris in northern boreal forests of Siberia, where the main forest-forming species is larch (Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Rupr.). Logs samples were collected in northern boreal larch forests of Central Evenkia (64пїЅN, 100пїЅE) at different stages of decomposition and placed in gas-tight boxes. Gas samples were measured in dynamics: at the beginning of the experiment and after 3 hour, 24 hours, aft...

In 2008, a new polymer substance FIRESORBпїЅ, used both as a fire extinguishing agent as well as a fire retardant, especially at wildland fires, was placed on the Slovak market. FIRESORBпїЅ gel, in general, due to its high density affects burning materials by even uniform cooling effect, reducing the rate of evaporation. This cooling effect is a dominant one at fires with origin of very high temperatures, where applying water streams would be ineffective due to near immediately water evaporation. The paper is deal...

Due to more and more restrictive environment requirements in the field of pollutant emissions of co-generative plants are imposing researches related to the more efficient work of those related to duct burners. Within in a co-generative group, placing the post combustion setup before the turbo engine makes that engine's performances to be influenced related to: flame stability, efficiency and emissions. The paper presents the results of a duct burner achieved on a test bench, when it operates at partial loads on n...

Numerous data on the negative impact of pollutants on the environment indicate the necessity of industrial and sewage water treatment. This problem is actual in the territories of the tailings dams situated in the Kemerovo Region (Ursk and Komsomolsk tailings sites, Russia). In these tailings sites, the main source of pollution is the mine drainages containing copper, zinc, arsenic, and antimony. In the absence of reliable protective devices, pollutants can enter to the soil, surface and groundwater, having a sign...

This paper provides a comparative study of the energy consumption and energy efficiency of a heating ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) system with three configurations. This system was used to cool an experimental room in an office building in more control scenarios realized by adopting different cooled water temperatures and chiller cooling systems. It is proposed an airпїЅwater mist cooled system for an air-cooled chiller. The three configurations of the HVAC system have the following configurations: (1) a...

This paper provides a comparative study of the energy consumption and energy efficiency of a HVAC system with three configurations. This system was used to cool an experimental room in an office building in more control scenarios realized by adopting different cooled water temperatures and chiller cooling systems. It is proposed an airпїЅwater mist cooled system for an air-cooled chiller. The three configurations of the HVAC system have the following configurations: (1) air handling unit (AHU) and fan-coil units (...

Some of the most promising areas for the extraction of heavy oil, maltha and asphalt in the eastern part of the Siberian platform are the southern and southeastern slopes of the Anabar anteclise. Using solvents for mining heavy oil and natural bitumen in a permafrost zone is the only option to steam injection, which is obviously cost ineffective there. Advantages of the solvents include convenience of transportation to field and storage stability. Moreover, the solvents have sufficiently high solubility with respe...

In the article the results of research of variable humidity of CO2/N2 gas mixture (simulating power exhausts) influence on the parameters of CO2 separation are presented. The capillary polymer membrane AMS-A2 UBE was applied in the study.The paper indicates, results of the experiment where influence of variable (in the range of 0пїЅ100% H2O) humidity on a membrane was investigated Research was performed on the membrane used to dehumidify air - Air Dryer AMS-A2, utilized earlier to identify the ability of the CO2 s...

Biological treatment is one of the most efficient process to remove biodegradable pollutants from wastewater. In practice, this process use air and activated sludge for well over a century. It is largely influenced by aeration equipment, which in addition to introducing oxygen into wastewater for oxidation of organic pollutants, they have to create hydrodynamic conditions to mix wastewater with microorganisms and with air, avoiding dead zones and microorganisms sedimentation. This stage of wastewater treatment is ...

New building materials were obtained in the last decades by using different types of cements, aggregates, additives or additions. Additions such as s powder, aggregate, fiber, etc. were tested for obtaining new properties of concrete or for finding a way to consume the wastes. The paper presents the experimental results obtained on fly ash concrete with waste fibers. The concrete was prepared with substitution of cement with fly ash in different dosages (10%, 15%, 20%, 30% and 40%) and two types of fibers (hemp an...

Groundwater is one of our most important natural resources. Groundwater is the source of about 33 % of the water that county and city water departments supply to public supply. Statistics show that groundwater is use for more than 90 % of the rural population who do not get their water delivered to them from a county/city water department or private water company. In this sense, groundwater quality plays an invaluable in rural zone plays. This paper aims to identify qualitative status of groundwater in rural zones...

The growing demand for wastewater treatment encourages the development of alternative processes. Some of the main characteristics required of these alternative processes are a small footprint, ease of operation, low sludge generation and improved efficiency. Among the current technologies, the Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) and the Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) are alternatives that combine some of these required characteristics. On the other hand, ever since 1959, when the term пїЅnanotechnologyпїЅ was introduced,...