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The Black Sea hydrological regime is impacted by external factors, which exerts effect on the sea surface in the process of interaction with the atmosphere and those confined to the lateral borders. The most pronounced features of the Black Sea thermohaline structure are large vertical contrasts in salinity (5 psu), temperature (20-C) and density (7 kg m-3); well-defined vertical asymmetry; existence of a cold intermediate layer during the warm half of the year with an absolute vertical temperature minimum, below ...