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Two major series of crosscutting dikes (Dk1a and Dk1b) are common in Sungun porphyry deposit. Those are varying compositionally from quartz monzo-diorite to granodiorite. About thirty percent of the sungun stock is filled by Dk1a and Dk1b dikes. Presence of dikes will cause lots of errors in copper content estimation, so determination of dikes is very important. Ten percent of dikes volume could be identified through drawing strings and correlation between boreholes. For estimating and determining the other part o...

The Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) has proved to be a valuable tool for evaluating the potential for coastal change in a given area. The CVI ranks the following variables in terms of their physical contribution to sea level-related coastal change: geomorphology, regional coastal slope, rate of relative sea-level change, the rate of historical shoreline change, mean tidal range and mean significant wave height. They are termed coastal risk variables and the rankings for each variable are combined and an index va...

A specific application of the Method of the finite elements is proposed. The approach is based on the theory about the rheological segmentation of the Earth crust. Different practical various of the proposed method are considered

Short-term production scheduling determines the sequence of block extraction over time spans of shift, days, weeks or months. The aim of scheduling is to decide which blocks of ore and waste to mine in which time period so that several operational and geometrical constraints can be satisfied simultaneously- like mining and mill capacity, meeting grade requirements, making long-term mine plans operationally feasible, etc. Since the 1960s several operational research based approaches have been developed. In order to...

The aim of our study is to make a research and determine the level of comprehending environmental risks and level of anxiety among health personnel resulting from those risks. The total field under survey is 2303 health personnel working GATA Haydarpasa Hospital. Our experimental group consists of 74 doctors, 81 nurses and 65 health workers working in managerial staff. In our crossectional research, a questionnary form of 16 questions, prepared specially, applied to our experimental group. 11 questions from the qu...

Shear flocculation characteristics of magnesite with sodium oleate as anionic surfactant have been investigated in this study. The effects of various parameters such as pH, stirring speed and concentration of sodium oleate on the shear flocculation of magnesite were determined. It was found that the shear flocculation of magnesite was not affected much by the pH changes of the suspension. However, the flocculation of magnesite showed strong dependences on stirring speed and surfactant concentration. By evaluation ...

With regarding to population and increasing growth rate of civilization, one of the ecological problems that bring some difficulties to human being and social life is to produce industrial culch. It is natural that such an increasing growth will bring some difficulties the same as follows: Howe to product culch (rubbishes) and how to resumption them in a good way . The main aim of this research is to find some suitable ways for resumption of the used materials in educational workshops in Golestan province, Iran. T...

In this study, the investigating of sawability and abrasivity of Khalkhal and Azarshahr travertine were carried out in order to the planning of a new plant. To achieve the goal, rock samples were collected from the mines and some mineralogical, physical and mechanical properties of rocks were determined in the laboratory. The sawability was determined by using some empirical methods based on Schmidt hammer value, Tensile Strength, Uniaxial Compressive Strength and P-wave velocity and abrasivity of rocks were inves...

The topics of stress and academic achievement are becoming increasingly interesting to educational institutions and their members. The aim of this research is to examine the relationship between personality and academic achievement of the students of Vocational school in a private University in Istanbul, Turkey. There is a significant correlation between the students’ personalities which are depicted via adjective checklist and the students’ stress level assessed by Abidin’s Stress Scale. Adjective Check Lis...

As it is well-known, the latest trend in academia has been the rapid growth of online or distance learning courses. Globalization makes mobility easy and possible. That is why a graduate has the opportunity to find not only a nationwide but also a worldwide occupation. In most countries in the world, the function of accreditation for educational institutions is conducted by a government ministry of education. The purpose of this study is presenting the goal of the accreditation. The goal of accreditation is to ens...

As it is well-known, accreditation is a short of leadership and quality assurance in applied Science, computing, engineering, and technology education. In most countries in the world, the function of accreditation for educational institutions is conducted by a government ministry of education. One of the most important outcomes of economic globalization is the abolition of national boundaries in the fields of goods and services trade as well as production factors, namely capital and especially high-skilled labor. ...

It is called stress when an individual begins to act different physically and mentally as a result of the fact that he or she is affected by the environment he or she lived and worked in. To block or balance the process of adaptation to stressful circumstances of people can be in different ways. However, it may not be possible to get rid of stress completely. So that, an individual who is overstressed can suffer aggressiveness, nonconfidence, difficulties in focusing, chronic tiredness, tension, sadness, anxiety, ...

Many countries has used the wind energy for agricultural pumping water for many years. Mechanical energy or electrical energy which is converted from the wind energy drives the pump. Water is not directly convey the target areas due to discontinuous wind regime. Therefore water is conveyed the storage tank. In addition, using the drip irrigation system at this system is provided saving at the agricultural economy. The increasing use of wind energy instead of the fossil energy provides to decrease pollutant emissio...

The First step in analysis of slope stability in open pit mines is punctual definition of rock mass characteristics. Several rock mass classification systems have been presented so far in the area of geomechanics. One of the most widely used rock mass classification systems are the geomechanics classification (RMR) by Bieniawiski. The RMR classification is based on the definition of classic membership functions. So characterization of rock masses and determination of their strength may involve some uncertainties d...

In recent years, all over the world and in Turkey, as aresult of, increasing population, industrial and urban developpment and reasing life standarts, the fosil fuels have dramatically been used up and caused environmental pollution. Since it has been recognized that energy sources such as petroleum and coal are non renewable energy sources and they are limited, researches have been concentrated on the biomass energy, wind energy, solar energy and hydro-energy which are renewable and obtained easily in all world. ...

In this study, the volcanic rocks located in the South of Baskil (Elazig) town were investigated in terms of their geochemical, petrographical and geological charecteristics, for pointing out the relations of this unit with the late Cretaceous Komurhan ophiolite and Andean type arc magmatics (Baskil granitoid). The volcanic rocks crop out along an approximately east-west trending belt in the region. It is represented by alternations of volcanic and sedimentary rock units. The measured thickness of the volcanics in...

Most of the salt that is being consumed in Iran is produced through stope and pillar mines, located in north of the central desert of Iran. The very large stopes have been excavated for applying open cut loading and hauling machines, so that those stopes have to be supported by large pillars. Therefore, the excavation ratio and stability considerations should be studied as two special cases in these mines. To determine the pillar’s strength, in this paper, four of the largest mines have been studied. An experime...

Theoretical and experimental investigations have been made to study the polar motion based on the IERS (International Earth Rotation Service) solution. A set of 9 mathematical models is proposed to examine the time series of polar motion. We have proved by statistical tests that the ARMA (2,1) model is the “best” one of the proposed set of competing models. Estimates have been obtained of the spectral characteristics by investigating the cyclic polar motion variations. Criteria are applied to assess the adequa...

The Fenton process, one of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), has been widely implemented to remove COD and color for dye wastewater as a pre-treatment or posttreatment process. In recent years, Fenton-like processes have received considerable attention in wastewater removal. The main purpose of the present study was to determine the optimal operational conditions of the Fenton- like process by using raw limonite ore at various concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and raw limonite ore for treatment of dye wastewa...

Characterization of rock masses is one of the fundamental aspects of rock engineering. Particularly, as a rock mass characteristic, determination of the strength of jointed rock masses is difficult since the size of representative specimens including discontinuities is too large for laboratory testing. This problem can be overcome by using the Hoek– Brown empirical failure criterion in conjunction with the Geological Strength Index (GSI) classification system. However, characterization of rock masses and determi...

In this paper, the relationship between p-wave velocity and the most important strength properties of rock material has been studied. During this research eight various types of rocks from north-west of Iran have been tested view pointed of uniaxial compression strength (UCS), tensile strength (Brazilian test) and elastic modulus. Regression analyses between above parameters and p-wave velocity reveals that there is a mathematical relationship with exponential equation (R2= 0.8597) between p-wave velocity and unia...

In the detailed exploration and reserve estimation, with separating the alteration (as the controller of the grade) in ore reserve and estimating the reserve in each alteration, the estimation variance will decrease and the accuracy of the estimation will increase. This paper tries to quantify and separate the alterations using discriminant analysis, a multivariate statistical method, and distribute them through sequential gaussian simulation in the Sungun copper deposit. A simple linear discriminant function tran...

The elimination of the risks endangering the health and life of the employees should be the main task of every employer. A necessary step for handling this task is identification of all dangerous steps referring toparticular activities of companies and specification of sources of risks engaged to every identified danger including recent as well as planned safety actions according to Work Code and low No. 126/2006 Z. z. of NR SR about safety and protection of health at work. Therefore employers have to accept effic...

Roof falls continue to be one of the greatest hazards faced by underground coal miners. For preventing unpredictable hazards and losses due to roof falls, assessment of roof rock behaviour in coal mines plays an assential role in ground control issue. However, based on the intensive reserches in this area, various parameters influence the roof rock behaviour of the stratified rock mass. One of them, which is extremely important to coal mine ground control, is moisture sensitivity. Many coal seams have immediate ro...

The opportunities for automation processes in grading are described. Examples for the achieved results in developing software for the specialized investing activities and work with the program package < GEODESY > are given.

The objectives of the present work are to develop technologies for the electrodeposition of mixed oxide nanocomposites with electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidative degradation of organic compounds. Oxidation of organics in the potential region of O2 evolution is supposed to proceed through the oxidation of water to hydroxyl radicals, which then may either be further oxidized to give molecular oxygen or interact with organic molecules in an oxygen-transfer reaction. Therefore, the ideal electrode material m...

Blast pattern design has direct influence on the time consumption and construction cost of drilling and blasting of tunnels. Tunnel blasting is more complicated operation than open pit blasting because the only free surface that initial breakage can take place toward is the tunnel face. The most important operation in the tunnel blasting procedure is to create an opening in the face with the intention of develop another free surface in the rock. This is the function of the cut holes. The cuts can be classified in ...

A significant element characterizing a lasting development in Braila Plain region, but also in any other similar area, would be an environment factor i.e. the water, with an increasing importance when considered against the high dryness background. Generally speaking, both the consumed water and the consumption structure reflect the quality and quantity of water resources and, implicitly, the economic potential of the region at issue. As for Braila Plain, here there is a paradox to be considered : even if the regi...

The climate, morphometric and lythological conditions confer certain peculiarities upon the waters resources of the northern-eastern Romanian Plain. One can say about the Braila Plain hydrographic network that it is poor and this is due to the discharge, situated under the value of 1 l/sqkm, but also to the very low relief energy. The allochthone rivers : the Danube, Siret, Buzau and Calmatui are affected by the refief climate conditions and also by the size and the geographic position of the hydrographic basins.

Gole-Gohar iron ore has located in IRAN. Reduction of costs at this mine is too effective for mining benefits. One of the important parameter about these costs is the pit slope support with control blasting operations. In this project, we try to use the buffer blasting method for suitable pit walls. Buffer blasting is a method that uses the faults for smoothness of pit walls. In this method, we do not use the control holes. So, by using the buffer holes, the control blasting operation will be suitable. Besides, th...

The treatment of natural rock, as well as construction aggregates and ornamental rock creates a great amount of residues, which are usually grain sized under 100 $\mu$m and with chemical and mineralogical composition modified due to processing. Therefore these materials have a composition with a variable content of rock, accompanied with other components as iron particles, clayey materials, flocculants, etc. These contaminants limit the application of those wastes. It is necessary therefore, the search of a proces...

Wetlands are important habitats consisting in true biodiversity pools. Human pressure had a continuous negative impact during time, i.e. significant changes, or more, irreversible, where the area of oligothrophic bogs has been reduced. Our observations have been carried in Tinovul Mare–Poiana Stampei Natural Reserve, situated in Dorna Depression (The Oriental Carpathians) at 910 m altitude, with 677 ha. This is the largest peat bog in Romania. The main goal is focused on all biotic and abiotic factors which are ...

This paper presents the outcome of the study on the compaction and consolidation behaviour of class F fly ash of Talcher Thermal Power Station (TTPS)of India for stowing in the underground mines. Light weight compaction test is conducted by using Proctor mold as per IS: 2720 to determine the optimum moisture content and dry density of fly ash and pond ash samples. From the compaction test it is found that the optimum moisture content of fly ash is 34.25\% at a maximum dry density of 1.15 g/cm3. Similarly, the opti...

Many hydrological models have been developed by researchers to simulate watersheds’ hydrologic behavior. In the aspect of robustness and suitability of models to a certain watershed depends on the watershed’s conditions which are flatness, storage capacity of surface, climate, precipitation distribution and water table level. The success of model predictions related with the selection of the model which will be used for certain watershed. This comparative study investigates various hydrological models’ stren...

Drilling and blasting is the oldest excavation method in mining and tunnelling applications especially in hard rock conditions. But in recent year, the application of roadheaders and impact hammers in hard rock conditions has increased considerably in both civil and mining engineering fields. The prediction of machine utilization time and determining performance plays an important role in the time scheduling of the tunnelling projects. The tunnels of the Kadikoy-Kartal Metro are under construction. This paper summ...

The electronic test utilization brings into the valuation process an objectifying element (the same conditions for all tested, the criterions specified forwardly). The main teacher’s aim in this process is effectively and fairly to evaluate students’ work (preparation). This fact underlies an approach to test’s questions formulation and creation. An important assumption of successful usage of electronic knowledge test (EKT) application is its orientation to user. For the purposes of EKT quality valuation the...

The process of truck shovel assignment for optimization of the transport systems in open pit mining is performed using software models and algorithms. With the aid of the software and hardware mechanisms, great steps can be taken in intelligent assignment and control of truck shovel systems. In this paper, open pit mining transport system has been modeled based on TSP modeling. Using genetic algorithms, the optimized travelling path for trucks has been obtained. The software has the capability of compound modeling...

Most of water resources in Iran are flowing in the west, south-west, north districts of country and, on the other hand, providing of water the central districts of Iran, for a long term, had been a critical problem to Iran water industry since long ago. Accordingly, many water transferring projects have been proposed between different zones to remove this problem. Transferring water from of Dez river to central districts of Iran is one of these projects that water transfer tunnel from Anvaj river to Qomrud is its ...

The mushrooms are able of cumulating metals from environment depending on specie, harvesting place, type of soil, degree of development and other environment conditions. The paper presents the results of the study on levels of copper, zinc, iron, manganese, chromium and calcium in mushroom harvests from Calimani site where the soil is degraded by mining work. The mycological material (19 samples of mushrooms) was harvested from 6 places of Calimani site: Ilva Dump, Dumitrelul Dump, near Dump of Pin, Dump of Pin, P...

Today Environmental management is an essential element of successful firm management. In this paper is an environmental management concept in “Mini Mariza Iztok”EAD presented. The benefits of the environmental management system include an increased focus on the most imminent ecological risks, improving team participation and prevention.

The economic profitability analysis of recycling process should take into account either the minimization of costs connected with the realization of investment or maximization of the production having the costs of the production established. Nevertheless, we need to take into consideration that these costs depend on many factors. In this paper, the economic profitability of municipal waste recycling by the maximization of the production having the costs of the production established or the minimization of the cost...

The main objective of deposit geology is in the most precisely way to determine guess of reserves of mineral material on the deposit. For realize of this target it is requisite to construe geologic model of deposit, which utmost approaches to real shape of the deposit. In case of coal deposits it is necessary to carry out regular identification and correlation of coal seam, or more precisely their partial genetic or extractive seams. It necessitates assembling and depicting of borehole profiles with demarcated sea...

The subject of this paper is to present an efficient method for exploration of surface beds by means of one-channel reflection seismic. Two-step algorithm based on simplified seismic diffraction theory is used for processing of the field data. During the first step the registered wave field is re-calculated with specialized software taking into consideration definite assumptions for the environmental model. During the second step the so re-calculated wave field is transformed using Phase Shift Migration method. As...

The preliminary goal of this study is to design, construct and test an automatic sequential precipitation sampling instrument. Testing includes collection of sequential precipitation samples, analyzing them and trying to find the sources of environmental pollution. Proposed sequential sub-event sampler is composed of two parts; mechanic and electronic hardware. Mechanical part includes a stepped 100 ml sampler cups on it, and a metallic body. Electronic part is composed of digital and analog sensors, various elect...

Mine ventilation has a key role to improving underground working conditions. Ventilation is required to clear dust, gas and toxic fumes from blasting and removing exhaust fumes from diesel equipments and also required for cooling the workplace for miners in deep hot mines. Ventilation systems need to take many possible modern mining scenarios into account, and costly infrastructure is needed to serve future ventilation and cooling requirements. To enable the practical and economical design of mine ventilation syst...

Vlasina lake in Southeast Serbia is classified as an Area of Distinct Land Use. Due to high environmental protection standards, the Master Plan of the area forsees the need for high levels of protection from waste water, storm water, and sediment. The storm waste water and sediment management system implies infrastructure that consists of open channels and gutters, leading to detention basins. Prior to release into the lake, storm water and sediment from the immediate lake bank area are treated and managed within ...

Using a panel dataset, containing information from Romanian industrial sector, this paper analyse the determinants of the pollution abatement expenditure, in the context of transition economy. We consider information related to the pollution abatement expenditure at plant level, plant – specific characteristics, state and local regulatory stringency, market incentives and community characteristics. Our results stress that the population’s potential for collective action in the environmental area is not signifi...

It is generally agreed that education in environmental pollution and protection of the environment should begin at the primary school level. It can even be argued that teaching about the environment at the primary school level is a national duty. In recent years Turkey is paying greater attention to the threats of global warming and environmental pollution as part of their adaptation process to EU laws and regulations. In this study we tried to determine the cognitive and affective levels of primary education stud...

Possibility of taking into account changes in permeability of rock mass being undermined when planning methane drainage borehole systems designed to decrease methane emission in the gob from the rock mass being undermined has been considered. It is shown that industrial anisotropy of the undermined rock mass permeability appreciably effects methane drainage efficiency. A number of criteria is specified which should be taken into account when planning methane drainage systems. Experimental evaluation of the efficie...

In this work are presented the results of determination of physical, chemical and bacteriological parameters of water in five levels (7,40; 11,40; 18,40; 28,40 and 30,40 m) of the artificial “Radoniqi” lake, in order to select the most convenient level that offers necessary treatments to be prepared for drinking water. The obtained results show that the water of the “Radoniqi” lake is of a very high quality, soft and the water of the third level is the most suitable to be prepared for drinking after necess...