Browse

The organization of a closed cycle of water use is one of the priorities for both recycling water supply systems and wastewater treatment systems of industrial enterprises. Water cooling systems are considered and the possibility of closed water cycle organization is estimated. For cooling systems of circulating water supply of industrial enterprises, depending on the water content, the cooling scheme can be: running, open (evaporative cooling) and close. The technological scheme of water treatment based on the co...

It is recognised on global and European level that organic agriculture is more sustainable and environment friendly production system. Organic agriculture, including food, (hereinafter - agri-food) production shows considerable growth on the global and European Union (EU) level, including Latvia. It has been widely considered by scholars, experts and politicians that organic agri-food production is beneficial for rural development through: enhanced entrepreneur activities; growth of jobs; creation of added value a...

The paper presents the decision support system (DSS) for mitigation and elimination the consequences of natural disasters, which consists of permanent functional and territorial subsystems. Functional subsystems are created to ensure the readiness of the forces and means subordinate to them to actions aimed at mitigation, reaction and elimination the consequences of natural disasters. These include a monitoring subsystem, a subsystem for creating a reserve of civilian forces and means of protection, a reserve of m...

The main scientific problem is the construction of methods for describing and analysing images that consider multilevel periodicity and the dependence of their fuzzy properties on the scale of observation. The vast majority of digital image processing algorithms are based on a precise algorithm for extracting useful information, which often does not allow vision systems to solve nontrivial problems. To date, a vast number of "fuzzy" algorithms (based on the use of the theory of fuzzy sets) have been developed, all...

The paper analyzes the existing data mining methods to predict heat consumption in buildings of public sector facilities. The highest accuracy in solving the regression problem was obtained using the ensembles of artificial neural network models of the MLP architecture, gradient boosting models on decision-making trees and linear regression models. The ensembles of the studied methods were used in the development of the analytical subsystem in the energy resource management system of the Belgorod Region. Approbati...

More than fifty per cent (56.7%) of total energy consumption of oil industry falls on the artificial lift operations. In recent years, the share of wells producing high-viscosity oil has been continuously increasing. It is common knowledge that these wells require high energy demand. Considering that the majority of these wells use downhole sucker rod pumping units, well performance improvement is the priority task. At present, balance of active energy consumed by motor at rod upstroke and downstroke is used as an...

Land use of the closed joint stock company "Zarya" is located in an extremely arid zone, which affects the specialization of the economy and the peculiarities of the use of agricultural land. The territory of CJSC "Zarya" is located within the Terek-Kuma artesian basin. Land use of the grape farm is located in the zone of distribution of chestnut soils. Depending on the qualitative composition of the soil are divided into five soil-reclamation groups. In the course of monitoring of agricultural land economy identi...

The growth in the value of functional nutrition for person?s life is due to a number of factors leading to poor health, such as unfavorable environmental conditions, urbanization of society, increased infectious load (bio-burden of pathogens) as a result contact with many people. Prebiotics are the most common food ingredients, along with probiotics used in functional foods. Since the second half of 1990, a huge amount of research has been carried out to prove the prebiotic properties of certain substances or comp...

In this work, we have developed a database that is a combination of three-dimensional models of typical objects of cultural and historical heritage and their elements for the memorial sites of the Tambov region, associated with the famous personalities of Russia. These objects include buildings and structures, household buildings, household items and interiors, household utensils, plants of the central part of Russia, animals, etc. It should be noted, that some real objects have now undergone significant changes u...

The article describes the principles of construction of training complexes designed to practice the skills of using individual respiratory protection. Design, optimization and implementation of training complexes requires analysis and formalization of their structure, development of methodological and algorithmic support. In order to solve the problem of developing a virtual training complex, the article proposes a methodology for building software systems that model the structure of physical objects and algorithm...

The main tasks and provisions of multiscale image processing of nanostructures are formulated, the feature of which is the use of the concepts of heredity and variability of characters. Heredity refers to the process of preserving traits on a sequence of images of a nanostructure as the scale of observation changes. Under variability refers to the process of loss of signs or the emergence of new signs on a multiscale sequence of images. It is obvious that images of nanostructures on scales at which there is a shar...

Response to anthropogenic disturbances, recorded according to remote sensing of the Earth, has a long-term manifestation not only in the spectral characteristics of the channels of visible and near infrared ranges of satellite imagery, but also in the study of the temperature field. The paper deals with the local excess temperature of the underlying surface in the areas of cutting the territory of the Angara region, compared with the background values identified by satellite data Landsat 5 and 8 for the seventeen-...

The most important part of any successful program of obtaining stable yields of agricultural crops is the development of effective plant protection products. The use of pesticides and chemical control methods has revolutionized agriculture. Chemical means of protection attracted attention by cheapness, variety of drugs, and most importantly, high efficiency The toxicity of some pesticides did not cause much concern, and only excessive saturation of the environment with pesticides sharply raised the question of lim...

In most cases, it is difficult for an investor to make a choice of a particular enterprise for the investment due to the uncertainty of business development in a constantly changing market economy. It is recommended to invest in companies with a good reputation, since such investments are less risky in conditions of uncertainty. First of all they try to invest in companies that meet the basic needs of customers such as trade, food production, and construction. The main problem for an investor in decision making co...

International cooperation in geoscience that has become an integral part of modern societies, involves cross-language communications. This necessitates acquisition of knowledge of foreign language and, above all, foreign lexis. It becomes rather important in geosciences, since it helps communicate with foreign professionals, use imported equipment, read foreign papers on the subject and publish papers in foreign languages. The need to facilitate efficient learning of foreign lexis calls for a special customized le...

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a functional structure of the brain that regulates the penetration into the Central nervous system of many foreign, toxic substances and compounds that penetrate into the blood or formed in the body itself, including drugs that can harm the nerve cells of the brain and spinal cord. BBB is not an insurmountable barrier separating the Central nervous system from the General internal environment. Its impermeability depends on the concentration and amount of substances in the blood, as...

In the last three years the research program was conducted in the Czech Republic, which was aimed on the in-situ penetration tests results interpretation. Geotechnical engineers and statisticians from academic environment and engineering geologists from private companies dealing with geological survey were incorporated into the research team. The main objective of the research was to improve methodology of interpretation the dynamic penetration test (DPT) and cone penetration test (CPT) records. This was achieved ...

Ecological education is considered as a holistic cultural phenomenon, which includes the processes of education, upbringing, development of the person, the basis for the formation of ecological culture, a significant component of the system of national education of students and students. The ecological competence of future biology teachers today is defined as the ability to apply environmental knowledge and experience in life situations, guided by the priority of environmental values and responsibility for the env...

Thermal insulating materials help to improve thermal protection of buildings and reduce their energy efficiency and greenhouse gasses production. Due to ever-tightening requirements in the field of energy efficiency of buildings, the consumption of these materials is increasing worldwide every year. From the point of view of sustainable development, it is necessary to look for technologies and materials that are based on renewable resources and are also energy efficient from the point of view of their production. ...

Modern scientific research centers require the fast, fault-tolerant storing systems for the collecting and processing of large amounts of scientific data originating from different sources and serving a great variety of client applications all over the world. This problem has great importance in many fields of science, such as geoinformatics, climate modeling, high-energy physics, astrophysics, and others. It is reasonable to use the concept of distributed computing to preprocess, normalize and aggregate scientifi...

Measuring tools are one of the main tool groups, which subgroup, manual measuring tools play a decisive role for further development of the measuring tools and machinery for wood processing. Nowadays a wide range of these tools used in construction sites, workshops, studios, households and in manufacturing for quality control operations, measurement inspection and other. Depending on woodworks diversity and processing method, the manual measuring tools have various functions, shapes and uses. The diversity of tool...

Industrial ventilation requires a deep knowledge of fluid dynamics, heat dissipation, flow of complex fluids, steady state and transient conditions, operating problems, contamination inside and outside of installations, etc. In the field of industrial ventilation, the conditions of the indoor environment, called the indoor air quality and the exposure of employees to them, are very important. In industrial installations, the emission regime for contaminants may be 10-100 times higher than in non-industrial install...

The main factor destroying the biosphere of the Planet is the increasing amount of industrial waste. Herewith, production bio-waste from health care and animal husbandry categorical objects plays a special role in generating infectious agents with unpredictable pathogenic potential. The most reliable way to disinfect them is the technology of elementary heat recovery. At the same time, in the 21st century this approach to clean up the territories from biocontaminants seems unacceptable for biosphere. Taking into a...

The purpose of this article is development of systemized recommendations for assessing impact of logging machines on forest soil, basing on which one can consider eligibility of a particular machine for given soil conditions. Research methods include mathematical analysis, numerical methods for solving equations, computing experiment and methods for calculated data processing. The study uses soil compaction and rut depth, consisting of the compaction and soil shear, as the main indicators of the impact. The main s...

Silicon carbide is a promising material for heat-loaded units due to its high strength at elevated (up to 1500 °C) temperatures and good thermal conductivity. However, when heated in oxidising media SiC tends to lose its properties, and development of SiC-based materials able to withstand such conditions is a challenging issue. The present research discusses development of a heat- and oxidation-resistant structural ceramics based on SiC with oxide sintering aids. Sintering aids were chosen in ternary systems CaO-A...

Mercury and its compounds migrate between environmental components. contaminating water bodies. It poses a danger in aquifer systems: inorganic mercury. by the action of microbes. converts to its highly toxic forms such as methyl- and dimethylmercury. minor exposures of which have devastating effects on central nervous system. According to the research conducted in the Russian Federation. mercury used for producing consumer items tends to get into residues (29 tons). Almost 11 tons of mercury is released in soil. ...

In work the solution of a operational and confidential data transmission problem with the necessary quality level of decodifying in the conditions of continuous increase in volume of video content containing data on critical infrastructure objects is proposed. The mechanisms allowing to define availability of planimetric information at stage of color-difference transformation are developed. Evaluation of the work of the developed method is given. To increase the data transfer rate, it is proposed to encrypt only t...

Thermal springs are a true gift of nature, in which a person can find health and beauty. By the thermal springs are meant groundwaters with temperature more than 20 °C, which come to the surface. Also by thermal is often meant the source, in which the temperature is higher than the average values for the surroundings area. The healing properties of thermal springs are well known since ancient times - the ancient Romans built the terms around them. While taking baths, the warriors healed wounds received in the camp...

The article describes the solution of the problem of determining the pricing strategy of the enterprise, that operates at the window construction market with using an approach to a modeling multi-agent resource conversion processes. This approach is built on the basis of integration of simulation, expert, multi-agent and situational modeling methods. Agent-oriented simulation reveals and explains the mechanism of the emergence of a complex multi-agent system optimal behavior that consists of set of interacting act...

Fine and ultra-fine particles are produced during biomass combustion. The concentration of particles varies based on individual phases of the combustion process. This may poses a significant threat to human health since ultra-fine particles (<100 nm) are able to penetrate and deposit deep in the human body through various pathways. The paper presents results obtained through measurements in small combustion plants (used for household heating) with selected biomass types (for example pellets, sawdust, etc.). The ma...

The article considers the criteria of typification of municipal solid waste according to their degree of danger. It is proposed the approaches based on the adaptation of the criteria to the differentiation of unauthorized landfills depending on the extent of their negative impact on the environment and human health. The criteria of typification of MSW landfills are formulated on the basis of analysis of waste composition, location of dump, its area and environmental hazards. Environmental hazard of landfills is de...

The objective of this work was to develop the waste-free eco-pure composite technology for fruit and vegetable processing to produce high quality, storage- and sediment-resistant juices, pectin, P vitamin and essential oils within a single production cycle. Georgia is an agricultural country with a large cultivation of fruit and vegetables. At present, they are processed in small amounts and of rather low quality. The juice produced by the conventional technology is not stable, as its pulp precipitates, but the ju...

Energy and raw material costs, an increase in environmental pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, global warming, depletion of fossil raw materials stimulate to seek and study alternatives to the synthetic fibres and products made of them for full or partial replacement. Renewable raw materials, including natural fibre sources, are the future of storage resources with a variety of positive effects on both the planet ecosystem and the living and working environment, and the energy consumption of delivering the requi...

Renewable energy sources, including wood pellets, are increasingly used in the world to reduce CO2 emissions from the production of electrical and thermal energy. One of the largest producers of wood pellets in Europe is located in Latvia; it is a significant exporter of wood pellets on the European scale, exporting approximately 90% of the total quantity produced and supplying the remaining 10% to the domestic market. Even though there are favourable conditions for wood pellet production, industrial consumption o...

The article describes an information-analytical system for assessing the impact of solid waste landfills on the environmental. The proposed system can be an informational basis for creating a national register of municipal solid waste, both authorized, acting in accordance with the requirements of current legislation, and unauthorized dumps. This basis will provide a scientific and economic justification for making decisions on the prospects for the management of municipal solid waste at the regional and local lev...

The diagnostics of residual service life of key industrial products is essential in real technical operations. The diagnostics facilitates reliable monitoring of real-time state of the equipment and thus ensures its safety. Steel structures in heavy machinery are used for brown coal mining and require high purchase investments. That is why the diagnostics of these structures is so important. Each equipment failure represents a considerably high loss of mined volumes and thus also the financial loss. It is therefor...

The diatom method is a useful tool for reconstructing the history of lakes and for understanding the nature of changes in their water level that occurred in the past. It also shows the periods of freshwater and brackish phases in the development of water basins. A long core was taken in the deepest part of Lake Big Miassovo in July 2018. The core covered the time span of 13 500 years. Following the analysis of 14 core samples from Lake Big Miassovo, 97 diatom taxa belonging to 44 genera were identified. The domina...

This study was conducted to determine the effects of various levels of dietary protein and short-term starvation periods on compensatory growth, body compositions and organ indices of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during 46 days. Fish were fed ad libitum twice a day or starved as follows: two control groups, one group was feed daily with extruded pellets containing 41% crude protein (D41) and the other control group was feed daily with commercial pellets containing 50% crude protein (D50); two groups fasted ...

The aim of the article was to assess the content and enrichment of selected ecotoxic elements (As, Bi, Cd, Cu, Pb, Sb, Sn, Zn) and Fe in the fly ash and slag after coal combustion in relation to content in feed coal, and moreover content and enrichment of elements in the topsoil and in the common beech roots (growing in the vicinity of the power plant) in relative to the topsoil levels and common beech roots in local and reference background. It was found that fly ash particles of <0.05 mm have a large enrichment ...

Application of organic fertilizers greatly affects soil quality and consequently plant health. Short-term application of manure may increase soil reaction. The possible mechanism is microbial decarboxylation of calcium-organic matter complex leading to the release and subsequent hydrolysis of calcium ions. It also affects the intake of chemical substances. The effect may vary among different types and origin of manures and their composition. On the contrary, nitrification is the process with the opposite effect on...

According to studies, the construction sector is one of the biggest energy consuming and waste producing sectors in Europe. It faces the most pressing need to use advanced digital solutions for enabling eco-innovations to mitigate the environmental impact. For creating a favourable business environment by facilitating the use of state-of-the-art technologies that also are enabling eco-innovations, the Digital Business Ecosystem (DBE) should be developed. The aim of the research is to provide insight into the devel...

This paper deals with the effective usage of digital twin for managing and optimizing production in small and medium-sized companies. Simple and effective business operation is related to the necessary digitization of documents. A set of digitized information and production-related data are the basis for the creation of a digital twin. The use of a digital twin involves effective management, control and optimization of production within a set of several small and medium-sized companies with the same or technologic...

Increasing demand for new energy sources requires the use of new substances in the production of energy or at least innovative application of the already known compounds. Considering the above, LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) is more and more often used as fuel, as the growing pollution of the environment and rapid climate changes force the reduction of emissions of sulphur and nitrogen oxides to the environment. Liquid methane no longer contains sulphur oxides in any form because they are removed during the gas metha...

The possibility of applying biological macromolecules, especially DNA, in nanobioelectronics currently attracts attention of researchers. For example, DNA can be used when designing electronic microarrays and as a molecular wire. Therefore, the study of the conducting properties of polynucleotide chains is of great interest. In a number of publications about biophysical experiments on the charge transfer along DNA it is assumed that a charge is transferred via a super-exchange mechanism at short distances of 2?3 n...

This paper presents some general directory lines regarding the development (design and effective production) of the cementitious composites with self-cleaning properties. Self-cleaning concrete represents a material containing nanomaterials, namely TiO2 nanoparticles with photocatalytic properties. Consequently, buildings facades made of a composite containing TiO2-SiO2, exhibit superhydrophilic effect on the surfaces, i.e., in the presence of UV radiation, the water reaching these surfaces have the ability to for...

The article reveals the types of negative impact on land and soil in the construction of pipelines and discusses the regulatory problems in the field of reclamation of disturbed lands. To this end, the legal acts of Federal legislation, as well as the main regulatory and technical documentation in the field of environmental protection in the construction of trunk pipelines are studied. The main legal conflicts of legal regulation of environmental activities are identified. In particular, the analysis of environmen...

The geotectonic events in Late Cretaceous - Early Paleogene interval, caused essential changes in the architecture of the Tethysian paleogenic sedimentation basins and their rela relationship with the continental source areas. Laramic tectogenetic paroxysm (Maastrich tian/Danian) due to the subductin of the East European craton under the TiszaTisza-Dacia block, plays a double role in the structuralization of the East Carpathian units. In an internal position, the External Dacides are built (The Black Flysch, Barao...

Light hydrocarbons migrate from the petroleum accumulations to the Earth?s surface through faults and fractures. The occurrence of these hydrocarbons in the near-surface zone forms the basis for the surface geochemical methods. The purpose of these methods is to record and analyze the distributions of micro-concentration of gaseous hydrocarbons. The paper presents the results of surface geochemical survey carried out in the ?Kosina? hydrocarbon concession block in SE part of the Carpathian Foredeep. The surveys we...

The aim of this paper was to map distribution of selected invasive neophytes in the Protected landscape area Dunajske luhy (West Slovakia). The paper is focusing on some of the most damaging invasive plant species (two trees Ailanthus altissima and Negundo aceroides, one herb Fallopia japonica), ranked among the most disturbing species in Europe, as they penetrate into natural vegetation irreversibly changing its structure, in relation to the main driving factors of change. We mapped stands of selected invasive ne...

Afghanistan has a complicated geologic and tectonic setting due to its position between two active plates of Indian and Eurasia. The country is composed of a serious of tectonic crustal block, which are separated by faulting systems. With consideration of these active faults, besides other types of magmatic rock complexes, ultramafic rocks have widely distribution over the various part of the country. Based on the previously geological investigation of, most of the ultramafic complexes have distribution within Log...