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This article presents the results, obtained from testing an equipment used to obtain biogas and biochar from biomass, developed and manufactured based on a patent developed on a research and development project by the IHP staff. A modern way in order to produce ecological and cheap thermal energy is to utilize biomass through micro-gasification process called TLUD (Top-Lit UpDraft) with high conversion efficiencies and emissions of CO and low PM2,5. A new way for producing energy from biomass is the CHAB concept (...

The development of the small and poor deposits of rare-earth elements can be useful when creating effective, waste-free technology, requiring the solution of actual tasks on the modern stage of development of this kind of industry. The paper presents the possibility of the removal of the Er+3 from dilute aqueous solutions by adsorption-bubble method-Solvent Sublation (SS) using sodium dodecyl sulfate (NaDS). A theoretical and experimental investigation of SS in solutions of the nitrates of Er+3 with NaDS, used as ...

Using interpolation techniques for predicting economic activities such as a movement of cyclist is always vitiated by an error. Therefore, this paper deals with the issue of understanding the error during modelling and compares different assessing criteria for choosing the most accurate method in order to decrease error propagation. The diagnostic of interpolation methods can be calculated with cross-validation approach. In case of kriging methods, we computed the estimated prediction standard errors and we examin...

Drought and associated effects can cause serious damage to crop maize. Breeding drought tolerance by the development of new hybrids, aims at identifying some accurate screening techniques. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the hydrological conditions (with stress - drought year and without stress - normal year) on the yield and other traits for six maize hybrids grown at ARDS ?imnic, Craiova and to investigate drought tolerance of these hybrids using several stress tolerance indices. Analys...

The most direct change of a watershed induced by urbanization is the land use/cover (LUC) change, which will change the flood response of the watershed. To study this effect, long series of LUC change at watershed scale is needed to be prepared. A watershed is usually a large domain even it is at small scale considering its fine spatial resolution, so the traditional way of field surveying is not feasible for mapping LUC at watershed scale. Development of satellite remote sensing technology provides inexpensive wa...

Time series on quantities, areas harvested and yield average of key global crops in Bulgaria пїЅ wheat, maize, rise and soybean пїЅ are stored in multidimensional database. The developed software modules for statistical processing are embedded into database to give better operability than known software systems with Graphical User Interface. Time series on key global crops production in Bulgaria on national and regional level are studied for the period 2002-2015. Comparative data analysis on two sub-periods with t...

The paper presents the research results of the accuracy of robotic total stations automatic sighting using standard and panoramic пїЅ360пїЅ reflectors, which are used for geodesy and mining surveying purposes. Based on the statistical processing of laboratory and field observation data, the relationships between the automatic sighting precision and the various survey conditions were determined. The hypotheses for the correspondence of the statistical law of the obtained errors to the normal and uniform law are ver...

The main parameter for calculation of waterway openings of bridges and pipes, as well as cross sections of water-draining meliorative ditches, is maximum water flow rate. So, the reliable calculation of this parameter is essential for selection of appropriate design solutions. Snow melt flood volume is mainly determined by the volume of water stored in the snow cover when melting begins, and flow rate пїЅ by the rash of spring snow melt flood. In its turn, snow stock is considerably depends on the degree of covera...

Industrial and social development of mountain regions in the south part of Siberia requires reliable estimation of the river flow. The runoff is mostly formed by rainfalls and melting. Scarce network of hydrometeorological stations and their location in valleys make interpretation of precipitation spreading in high mountains disputable. Therefore, mathematic modeling of runoff volume is of prime importance. Complex approach to mountain small catchments runoff estimation is suggested. River flow modeling is based o...

Considering the fact that the production of 1 kg of output in the pharmaceutical sector has a higher environmental impact than the production of 1 kg of output in the chemical industry, this article examines the way in which the specific legislation of the EU regarding medicinal products is adapted to the legislative instruments for the assessment and control of the environmental risks posed by medicinal products for human use during their life cycle, from production and up to the end of their life cycle. The Euro...

The research paper deals with the issues involved in regulating cooperation between the EU and CIS in their space programs. The environmental factor in exploration and use of outer space for peaceful purposes has become extremely urgent in the light of intensified exploration. Analysis of the international legal regulation of the use and protection of outer space was therefore carried out with specific emphasis on the environmental factors. While many agreements containing no clearly expressed conservation nature ...

Background: To choose a strategy for its educational and economic activities, an ecological university needs a clear understanding of the competitive situation in the education market. This problem is of great importance for the Russian Federation, which has the largest reserves of natural resources and pollution-free areas. High-quality professional training of ecologists in Russian universities has to ensure preservation of the environment and rational nature management. Therefore, to make the right choice of it...

Various sites with materials resulting from mining activities were investigated, as secondary sources for Rare Earth Elements (REE). The aim of our paper is to present the main methods used for characterizing these materials and the result of extraction processes in order to evaluate the efficiency of RRE recovery processes which are using environmentally friendly methods. The characterization of these materials is a first task aiming to identify the best sites which can furnish the most suitable materials for con...

Gas field redevelopments or rehabilitation projects have become an alternative approach to develop incremental production and additional reserves using new fit-for-purpose technology and concepts. The integrated reservoir study begins with geological characterization and modeling followed by evaluation of the geological gas resources and reserves considering the actual production profile. The redevelopment plan continues with a well by well review and nodal production system analysis to evaluate well performance a...

This paper evaluates the abnormalities in monthly, half-year and annual rainfall totals in the Western Tatras Mts for the period 1994 to 2013, issuing from the values recorded at the precipitation stations Bobrovec situated at 632 m a.s.l., Zuberec at 763 m a.s.l. and ?ervenec with an elevation of 1,500 m a.s. l. These stations have also different exposures as for the dominant wind flow: Bobrovec is situated on the leeward side, Zuberec on the windward side and ?ervenec in the summit part of this mountain range. T...

Widespread use of electronic regulators, in order to correlate the working parameters at sprinkling machines imposes making a study to assess the performances of the regulation process in working conditions. To achieve this objective were pursued the following aspects: adequate choice of system components; the achievement in own conception of a electronic regulator for automatic correlation of liquid flow with displacement velocity; choosing and preparing a sprinkling machine on which will be installed the achieve...

Road infrastructure is a vital system that has a direct influence on economy of states. In this regard, there is a direct relationship between the coating conditions of automobile roads and the countryпїЅs industrial development. This dynamic increases intensity and traffic congestion constantly. Thereby, it is necessary to eliminate the damages and increase the exploitation time of road coatings. This concerns mostly asphalt - concrete pavements which form the basis of automobile road networks in countries. Based...

The air pollution in Polish cities causes the formation of the phenomenon of smog. The reason for this phenomenon is mainly low society awareness of environmental protection and the methods of preventing the use of low-quality fuels in the home fireplaces. At the same time the development of the automotive industry contributes to this negative phenomenon. The air pollution in large and small Polish cities was analysed. The examples of cities fighting against the smog were also given. The research of the air qualit...

Many informatics tools have been developed based on extensive databases related to terrain modeling and technical objects of the existing hydropower developments. Among them, VAPIDRO-ASTE can be distinguished as a powerful and demonstrated tool, which can be used either for the evaluation of the hydropower potential and the optimization of the complex hydropower development of a river sector, or for the evaluation of an existing hydropower development in order to establish the need of the refurbishment and/or reha...

The aim of this study was to analyzed the effect of calcium ions from gluconate and lactate salt at the level of 100, 150 and 200 mg/100g addition on empirical dough rheological properties from the wheat flour type 1250. Dough empirical rheological properties were analyzed using the Farinograph, Amilograph, Glutograph, Alveograph, and Rheofermentometer devices. These devices allow us to obtain complete informations about dough rheological properties during mixing, pasting and fermentation process of wheat flour do...

The article presents a novel approach to the evaluation of the economic potential of grasslands. The economic potential of grasslands is evaluated by assessing the heat energy potential of grass (both in energy and monetary terms), based on two products пїЅ methane (biogas) and grass pellets. This approach provides an alternative to the assessment of the economic potential of grasslands, and it is specially intended for situations when grasslands are unmanaged due to low demand for grass biomass as a fodder. The e...

Economic development of the world is closely linked to the consumption of electricity. Energy is central to improved social and economic well-being, and is indispensable for industrial and commercial wealth generation. But however essential it may be for development, energy is only a means to an end. The end is a sustainable economy and a clean environment, high living standards, prosperity and good health. Energy indicators for sustainable development represent an important component in the national analysis and ...

Tarnow region is supplied with water from intensively exploited groundwater and surface water intakes located in the small area between Dunajec and Bia?a rivers. Three groundwater intakes are a part of the Tarnow Municipal Water Service, i.e. ?wierczkпїЅw, K?pa Bogumi?owicka and newly constructed Zbylitowska GпїЅra intake, as well as the intake of surface water in Zbylitowska GпїЅra. The chemical company Zak?ady Azotowe in TarnпїЅw has groundwater intake located in TarnпїЅw-Mo?cice, and one of surface water locate...

The article presents the way of conducting a forecast of leverages of underground mining run by longwall fronts in three deposits of hard coal on the area. The forecasted values of subsidences, inclinations and curvatures of mining area were calculated by the Budryk- Knothe theory with the use of typical values of its parameters, namely, a coefficient of subsidence of floor rocks equal to 0.8 and tangent of scope angle of main leverages amounting to 2.0. The forecasts of indicatorsпїЅ values of area deformation we...

The study focusses on an evaluation of the forest changes in the Low Tatras National Park. The used methods are based on the time series of the satellite Landsat images. The impacts of disturbances on the health of vegetation, particularly forest ecosystems, are investigated using time series methods. The main data source is the archive of satellite Landsat data. The selected vegetation indices are used and tested for the purposes of the detection of land cover changes and evaluation of the health of forest. From ...

Several spatially distributed soil moisture estimates of different origin, spatial and temporal resolution are currently available for Europe or individual countries. These estimates range from gridded observations and satellite products to the estimates of large scale and/or spatially distributed water balance models. The estimated soil moisture is potentially useful for improving the water balance assessment with hydrological models in gauged and ungauged basins and reduction of uncertainty in the estimated para...

To evaluate hydrological drought in small basin was used minimum flow parameters like percentiles from the flow duration curve, mean annual minimum flow, base flow index and recession index. Water deficit was estimated based on threshold level method and the sequent peak algorithm. Each method was exemplified using data from hydrometric stations from small basins included in Bahlui drainage basin. The results show that in the period between 1950 and 2014, the average drought duration of the cold season is over 20 ...

The problem of stress state evaluation is really actual for the underground structures been exploited for a long time. Stress and deformation monitoring give opportunity for hazard prevention and planning operation mode of the underground facility. One of the most common methods of deformation control is convergence measurement, but transformation of measured data into stress state of underground structures is quite difficult. A technique for stress state evaluation of underground structures on the base of the ana...

Slovakia with regard to its small size (approximately 49,000 km2) is relatively rich in mineral water sources. This fact also applies to conditions of eastern Slovakia, which is mainly in the northern part concentrated numerous mineral springs in addition to several spas and bottling plant minerпїЅl waters. Eastern Slovakia is part of the Western Carpathians, which are of geological terms divided into five structural-facial zones. In addition to the front to the west of Slovakia interventions on its east: - Flysch...

An open source toolпїЅs popularity has increased considerably, as well as micro aerial vehicles (MAV) technologies based on open source hardware. An open source software and hardware delivers a wide variety of applications and technology. The worldпїЅs most successful open source projects have their roots in the academy, and now its participation includes a wide variety of academic programs and research. Based on open source technology, a case study has been designed and performed, in order to prove this technolog...

Asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits (ARPD), are formed in processes of oil recovery on a surface and represent a serious problem for the oil production enterprises from the technical, economic, and ecological points of view. The ARPD quality indicators are an important factor defining effectiveness of removal procedures and searching of ways to its further use. At a late stage of fields exploitation the production processes are complicated by loss of asphaltenes and paraffin immediately in a layer pore space. It is co...

Due to intensive use of pesticides in vegetable farming, especially in pepper crop, residues may be accumulated at levels higher than those permitted by their respective international maximum residue levels (MRLs). The objective of this study was to evaluate residue level of three insecticides belonging to different chemical groups: 1. Actara (a.i. Thiametoksam) which was used at the rate of 1gr and 2gr/10 L water respectively; 2. Dimetogal (a.i. Dimetoate) which was used at the dose of 10ml and 20ml/10L water res...

The development of gully erosion is an urgent problem in many parts of the world. The southern part of Western Siberia belongs to the Russian regions with an extensive development of gully erosion. The occurrence of erodible loess deposits on the earth's surface, the rugged topography, the climate characteristics (a considerable reserve of water in the snow, intensive spring snowmelt, and heavy rains) in combination with a high plough-disturbance of territories create favorable conditions for the formation and dev...

Thermal recovery methods within catalytic aquathermolysis is a new promising exploitation approach in extracting heavy oil and natural bitumen. In this technology, the catalyst is added in a stage of injecting high-temperature steam. At the pay zone, three types of reactions takes place: thermolysis, reaction of high temperature steam and catalysis. As a result, the injected steam changes to water transferring its heat to rocks across the interface. Thus, the interfaces of catalyst solutions and hot rocks are cruc...

Over the past decade, the widespread concern about the staggering effects of climate change, particularly in the agricultural sector, has become very serious. It has been agreed that the inter-annual, monthly and daily distribution of climate variables such as temperature, radiation, precipitation, water vapour pressure in the air and wind speed affects a number of physical, chemical and biological processes that drive the productivity of agriculture. Thus, understanding the possible consequences of climate change...

In order to assess the presence of different raspberry diseases experiments were established during the years of 2015 and 2016, at two locations (LlapashticпїЅ and Peran) in the municipality of Podujevo and two (Mramor and Barilevo) in the municipality of Prishtina. In the experiment were involved four raspberry cultivars (Polka, Autumn Bliss, Willamette and Meeker), which represents the most prevalent cultivars cultivated in our country, while the experiment was conducted according to the method of randomized blo...

The activities of mining and chemical enterprises in Ukraine have reserved a number of environmental issues that affects all elements of the environment and requires immediate solution. Nowadays, in Ukraine, there are still relevant soil subsidence in areas of mining and chemical enterprises, the accumulation of large-tonnage industrial wastes, accumulation and migration of heavy metals in soils. Equally, important is the issue of water pollution in the area of mining and chemical enterprises. The purpose of this ...

Biochar is carbonized organic matter, which is prepared by pyrolysis and it content high amount of carbon. This material is currently very often mentioned in carbon sequestration and as an additive improving physicochemical and biological soil functions, especially soil aggregation, conductivity or pH. Thus biochar could be usefully toll for decreased erosion risk. The influence of biochar on soil microorganisms is still big question. Results of scientific work differ much. Problematic component of biochar is arom...

In Turkey, it is essential to use agricultural land efficiently by obtaining more harvests from unit area in order to afford the increasing population needs on food supply, generate higher revenue from agriculture, and develop country. In doing so, the key movement is the practice of land consolidation. Land consolidation studies, which started in 1961, have been mainly aimed at linking roads and irrigation networks by clustering amorphous, scattered, fragmented, and small agricultural lands. As gaining momentum i...

Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data have a high commercial value. On many occasions, it is crucial to protect the fetched data in order to authenticate them and identify their original ownership. A procedure for protecting terrestrial LiDAR data is introduced in this paper. It consists of two steps: 1) Defining the positions of a watermark (i.e. markers), and 2) Embedding the watermark by modifying the locations of the points slightly within a circular area around the marker by applying the Discrete Cosine Tr...

The article presents the results of the research carried out in order to assess the possibility of using surface water of the Dniester River in the Halych area, for the public supply of water intended for human consumption. These studies included double sampling of surface water in different seasons and their physicochemical analysis. This assessment was made on the basis of the received data in accordance with the Polish applicable requirements [1]. In addition, an assessment of the water status of the Dniester R...

The article presents the results of the research carried out in order to evaluate the possibility of using the groundwater of the Raba River basin for human consumption, using an indicator dedicated for groundwater (GQI). For this purpose an existing database that contains the results of analyzes of groundwater samples collected from October to December 2005 from wells (18 samples) or springs (21 samples) located in the Raba River basin was used. Samples were taken by one person according to the procedure describe...

The need for construction of new buildings is currently still growing. For construction are also used areas that were previously labelled as unsuitable or less suitable in terms of subsoil. The design, construction and implementation of building foundation, including subsoil modifications (foundation base) has a decisive influence on the building lifespan and its safety. This article presents an application of risk analysis method Umra (Universal Risk matrix analysis) to classify different types of subsoil. The me...

Waste storing and managing is one of the most challenging problems of the modern economy. Previously, drilling waste did not represent a subject of the so-called waste recoverable and utilizable, for instance applicable to land reclamation. Research works on transforming properties of drilling waste and improving the recovery method aimed at reclamation are presently developed. According to the current regulations, the drilling waste can be applied to recovery processes based on utilizing the waste in question who...

The thermal conductivity of a geological structure is a paramount parameter in performing calculations for the proper design and installation of underground heat energy extraction or storage systems. Complex geological investigation must be performed to evaluate the thermal conductivity of a geological structure. It is a process that demands time and money. An assessment of the mutual influence between the thermal conductivity of the borehole heat exchanger and the geological structure allows us to predict the the...

Currently applied groundwater protection against penetration of pollutants from landfills are membranes that isolate the layer of stored waste from the substrate. As the material most commonly used are materials such as loam and natural clay or composite materials, such as plastic films or asphalt. Also there are known methods of using waste materials such as fly ash, as well as silicate-ash composites for the manufacture of seals in civil and hydraulic engineering. Literature also contains descriptions of the res...

The area of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB) is Europe's largest hard coal basin. The BasinпїЅs surface area is subjected to continuous impacts and threats associated with underground exploitation, such as ground deformation and induced seismicity. The area of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin is one of the most seismically active mining regions in the world. The epicenters of the strongest tremors in the rock mass are grouped in several areas related to various structural units, which are characterized by a deep ...

The university campus is a special place for both staff and students. It is the object of many scientific studies. In this publication the author undertakes to study of efficiency of public transport within the university campus. The study includes determining the availability of the university buildings from public transport network. Base for research is spatial data obtained from student's measurements. The main research method was based on determining the availability of campus buildings on the basis of buffers...

Safe water quality is strongly related with good human health and the presence of undesirable species may pose various disturbances. Accordingly, evaluation of drinking water quality is needed in order to secure if water is appropriate for human consumption. The aim of the research was to evaluate the quality of drinking water collected from M?neciu-Ungureni, Prahova County during 6 sampling campaigns from 7 wells. The evaluation was based on determination of some specific parameters, as follows: pH, electrical co...

In the last twenty years Timisoara proved to be one of the main development centers of Romania, and became the most important economic region in the western part of the country. As part of this evolution the neighbouring settlements of the city began to change, as they became part of a greater new urban system. At first, all initiatives came from the part of investors, mainly based in Timisoara, who were looking for cheap land surfaces for their future projects. Though new investments represented great possibiliti...