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Metallurgical production generates ferrous waste at every stage of the process. Solid wastes that arise in metallurgical plants include, for example, blast furnace slag, sludge, dust, scale and others. The composition of these materials varies depending on the source of production. The use there fine-grained iron-bearing wastes is possible within a metallurgical cycle. Attention was paid to the possibility of scaling and subsequent use for the blast furnaces. The scales contain mainly FeO, so energy savings occur ...

The urban area has noticeably higher temperatures than other areas located in the undeveloped area. This is due to the overlapping of large areas of the original vegetation with the construction of buildings and roads. Concrete and asphalt surfaces absorb a large amount of heat from the sun that radiates back into the environment. The impact of ever-expanding urban arrest increases the intensity of so-called thermal islands, and life in some cities becomes difficult in the summer months. Due to the absence of gree...

Although the theme has been studied for more than a decade, the green transformations of buildings are limited in practice and often new buildings, by large private or public estates, promoted and publicized it to gain public support. Is it possible to think about a widespread action to ?green? our cities? If in other European countries the responsive-ness to this issue is certainly greater, in Italy there is still too little attention on this topic (in facts some people seem to be still more focused on economic e...

The Ladoga Lake is one of the greatest Lakes in Europe and connects with the Baltic Sea via river Neva. In the article we try to describe the problem of pollution in the Ladoga Lake and the Gulf of Finland (eastern part of the Baltic) via groundwater discharge. Groundwater discharge is one of well unknown value there. Geologically Northern part of the Ladoga Lake lies under the Baltic Schield (cristalline rock) that presented by granites, gneisses, etc., sometimes which are covered Quaternary sediments. Southern p...

Starting with 2008, Romania decided to reduce the hail damage over the agriculture crops in an active way, adopting legislation that allows the use of special rockets to fight hail. The system has now, five units of hail suppression and the increase of precipitation with 68 launching points, distributed around the country and the main aim is to protect valuable crops. The present paper is trying to emphasize which are the land cover categories that benefit from this system if the initial purpose is reflected. We h...

The classification of mineral resources in Poland is based on the reporting system developed in 1941 in the USSR and implemented in the middle of the 20th century in Poland as a legal norm. This norm is the Geological and Mining Law (PGG, 2011-last update), which contains guidelines for mineral deposits resources/reserves estimation and reporting, including hard coal, based on the cut off criteria and level of confidence. Polish resources classification differs from the international classification used, but may b...

The Upper Orava region is for several decades affected by emissions from manufacturers of ferroalloys as well as by a transport of pollutants via the atmosphere from abroad. The aim of this study was to assess the degree of risk for Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, Ni and Co input from soil into small forest fruit species growing in this region. Soil and fruit samples were collected from 8 sampling points exactly fixed using GPS. In soil the agrochemical characteristics (pH/KCl, content of K, Mg, P, Ca and humus) were determin...

A heat pipe is a structurally simple device capable transfer high heat fluxes over relatively long distances. With first heat pipe concept comes Angier March in 1831 as a hermetically sealed tube used to heat transfer in furnaces. If the vapour and liquid phases are separated from each other in heat pipe, then it is a loop thermosyphon. These solution is preferably mainly therefore that the thermal performance of the loop thermosyphon is not limited by the interaction limit (condensate droplets are not entrained b...

Soil pollution with heavy metals is one of the most important environmental problems. Territories where significant mineral resources of Russia are concentrated belong to the regions of the Far North. At the same time, northern ecosystems have low resistance to various forms of anthropogenic impact. This work is aimed at studying the content and distribution of trace elements in the cryozems of Western Yakutia. The study area is located in the North-East of Russia, in the zone of the North-Taiga landscapes of West...

This paperwork is dedicated to the research of the quality of height anomalies derived from the Global Geopotential Models GOCO over the Serbia territory. Three different types of approaches for the same model were considered: time wise, space wise and direct approach. The quality of the mentioned models is determined by comparison with terrestrial data of height anomalies, that are relate to the second high precision leveling network of the Republic of Serbia (the period of realization of tide gauges observations...

In this research project, a biodegradable composite material is made from hemp fiber and polylactide (polymerized corn starch). Thermoset treated polylactide and hemp fiber bio-composites have high mechanical properties, which allow to reduce the amount of materials in the product. The developed bio-composite can be used both as a slab material and for molded parts of furniture, etc. Obtained material is biodegradable during the composting process, which improves the ecological assessment (Life Cycle Assessment) o...

Moldavian Plain is a region in Romania, with a high number and a great variety of historical monuments. At the same time, is a regi on who suffered strong transformations in the post post-communist period from all points of view. The present paper aims to e valuate the effects of socio socio- economic and political change changes on heritage sites conservation and to combine these results with the natur al risk assessments in order to obtain a map of Heritage sites at risk in Moldavian Plain. We want to focus on r...

The purpose of the work is to prezent a way in which can be hierarchized the investment projects in accordance with the criteria established by the international financiers based on the Multi-criteria Analysis (MCA). The MCA method is a sound basis for the investment decision-making when it is designing a project proposal. In this research we are used the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) process of hierarchy the investment projects that can be applied as an interactive method of the multi-criteria analysis. Thus, ...

Seismoacoustic studies are used to solve a wide range of different tasks, such as studying the bottom of water bodies and bottom sediments, detecting sunken objects, designing various structures (pipelines, port facilities, etc.), estimating the thickness of sapropel deposits, calculating their reserves, etc. In terms of paleoclimatic studies, the importance of such studies is increasing. The study of sediments of continental water bodies allows to get preliminary information about climate changes in the region wi...

In this study we examined such a high-keratin-content slaughterhouse by-product as pig bristles and poultry feathers. Our first and most important aim in this research to make a decision about the using direction of a final products. Only after our decision we can determine the most optimal treating and processing method for these slaughterhouse by-products. In our model experiment we can produce different products for example raw materials for cosmetics and petfood products. But the requirements of two main using...

As far as environmental challenges in the world become more serious and cross-cutting, higher environmental education plays an important role in development of sustainable society. The aim of this article is to describe the specification and trends in higher environmental education in the Russian Federation under the ongoing processes of urbanization, anthropogenic impact and changes in demand of the labor market. Besides, some comparisons with overseas universities are given. The paper deals with the changes in e...

The purpose of this paper is to present Romanian history of oil and gas industry, about key achievements and key figures, with impact in oil and gas industry around the world and a possible new management approach. Global energy market is in a continuous change, firstly due to the evolution of the oil barrel, and secondly due to the newly discovered technology and to the population?s education level. Global warming and the concerns of the great governments are some of the coordinates that have had a great impact u...

Attempts of commercial production of coalbed methane (CMM) and coal mine methane (CMM) had been made in Poland since 90. All of them were settled in Upper Silesia Coal Basin, one of three Polish hard coal basins. First trials of CBM production (by vertical wells) were funding by commercial companies. Results were not satisfactory so E&P companies retreated form Poland. Between 2001 and 2008 consortium of industrial companies, universities and research institutions carried out CO2-enhanced coalbed methane (ECBM) pr...

The Cu-Ag Lubin deposit belongs to the Lubin-Glogow Copper District (LGCD), which is located in south-western Poland. Copper mineralization occurs in three main lithological units: sandstones, shales and carbonates. A characteristic feature of these deposits is the occurrence of elevation and depression of the Weissligend top, which are convex structures in the form of sandy swells that are probably relics of eolian dunes from the Rotliegend period. These zones usually have a significant impact on the quality para...

This study aims to determine the total concentrations of certain essential microelements: Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu from three types of honey: lime (Tilia europea), acacia (Robinia pseudoacacia) and polyflower honey, taken from domestic producers in unpolluted hill areas of the county of Caras-Severin (Romania). The total concentrations of microelements, determined by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) - after calcination and ash extraction with nitric acid, shows that the analyzed honey types contain important q...

With this publication is intended to demonstrate the possibility of practical realization of European Terrestrial Reference System 89 (ETRS89) for the territory of the Republic of Bulgaria, by developing an intraplate velocity field model using velocities of a network of continuously operating GNSS stations. The introduction of the ETRS89 is aiming to unify national reference systems for geodetic measurements, cartography, GIS, research and navigation in Europe. The EUREF Permanent GNSS Network (EPN), which consis...

The results of long-term investigations of the 137Cs, 90Sr, and 241Am horizontal distribution in the upper soil layer in various ecosystems on the territory of the exclusion zone of the Chernobyl NPP are presented in the article. The research was carried out in 2011-2017 in the Belarusian sector of the exclusion zone of the Chernobyl NPP on the experimental sites near the research station "Masany" of the Polesye State Radiation Ecological Reserve (about 10 km from the epicenter of the accident). The horizontal dis...

A catalogue of fault plane solutions for earthquakes recorded in Romania between 1929 and 2012 is analyzed in order to outline statistical features of the fault plane solutions in correlation with the earthquake-prone areas in Romania. The catalogue contains both groups: crustal earthquakes (h < 50 km) and intermediate-depth earthquakes (h > 50 km), but only the crustal earthquakes are analyzed here. The catalogue covers mostly the area in front of the Carpathians Arc: Moesian Platform, Barlad Depression, North Do...

Poverty is inherent in all countries of the world and is the result of various factors. The world's poor are especially vulnerable to the environmental challenges. Transition to "green" economy can contribute to the eradication of poverty. In order to eradicate poverty one should know its real size. In this research authors give more precise estimation of the well-being of Russian households based on the calculation of equivalent income. For this purpose data from the Russian Monitoring of the Economic Situation a...

A few years ago, I start asking myself how my profession (i.e. accountant) will change under the IT impact and how AI would affect humanity. I consider this article provides important answers for the accounting profession since last technologies are capturing new horizons and particularly, accounting is changing under the IT signature. This paper intends to emphasize the changes which accounting will support under the emergence of new technologies and how much AI marks accounting in this technological environment....

Disturbed areas show in a most emphatic way the adverse impacts of man's production activity and damage to nature. At the same time, the conflict between economic and environmental considerations is unavoidable. The disturbed area in Bulgaria by 2017 is 104 960 ha. While some of the disturbances in a part of it (abandoned industrial sites and areas) are mostly passive (mainly related to land use change as a consequence of soil sealing), those related to energy and mining/coal mining that are still under operation ...

Geography cannot be limited to simple and in brief statements in contemporary society and real life. The comprehension of reality and its different and complex aspects assumes the complexity of the geographic research. And the philosophy of construction of the educational (school) geography could not ignore that fact. At the same time, the repeating didactic problems and realities require to answer the following questions: In what is encoded the school geography significance? What are the limits of geographic know...

Being the most important component of ecosystems, groundwater largely determines not only its properties and structure, but also its ecological qualities. Given the unity of natural waters - the Earth's hydrosphere, it is necessary to recognize that hydrogeoecological problems, as well as ecological in general, of which they are an integral and integral part, are also characterized by a certain hierarchical structure. Modern environmental problems, from global to regional and local, are associated with the growing...

Over the 21 century, the analysis of human capital has taken on a progressively more central role in discussions regarding the growth and success of nations and regions. The systematic development of human resources has for some time been an important consideration for national policy-makers throughout much of the developed world. Human resources, traditionally known as labour, are vital in order to support and ensure continuous regional economic growth. Human resource development (HRD) refers to the stock of prod...

New materials based on Au and Ag nanoparticles stabilized in a matrix of microcrystalline and bacterial cellulose were prepared for medical applications. Au and Ag nanoparticles were synthesized in i-PrOH by metal vapor synthesis (MVS) and incorporated into the polysaccharide matrix using metal-containing organosol. The MVS is an efficient route of purposeful synthesis of metallic nanoparticles and their derived composites. Microcrystalline cellulose brand Avicel PH-101 with a polymerization degree of 180 and an a...

The water supply infrastructure is being under an ample process of reconstruction in Dobrogea. Our study focuses on the drinkable water supply system in a village of about 1000 inhabitants, situated in Southern Dobrogea. The system is fed by groundwater pumped from a single well and stored in a reservoir. The water flows by gravity through the distribution network. Specific for this system is the position of the source, which is placed in the middle of the village where the terrain elevation is the lowest. The net...

Due to their huge volumes, toxicity and destruction resistance petroleum and petroleum products are the most important polluters. The source of oil pollution is not only oil extraction processes, but also oil transportation, refining and use. Ecologically safe and effective way to clean the environment off petroleum hydrocarbons is bioremediation. The effectiveness of oil-oxidizing biological products is ultimately determined by the activity of contained hydrocarbon oxidizing bacteria strains. The search, isolatio...

Central Northern Bulgaria falls within the range of the North-Bulgarian artesian basin, characterized by a wide spread of storey aquifer system. The main aim of the present study is to characterize the features of the chemical composition of groundwater in the three most important pressure aquifers in the studied area (Senonian, Upper-Jurassic ? Lower-Cretaceous and Triassic), which are formed in carbonate rocks with Mesozoic age. In the background of the regional hydrogeological conditions, spatial change of the ...

Open pit reclamation is the final phase of mining activity to which every owner of the mining company is obliged. The selection of the target concept of the direction of decommissioning and reclamation of such excavation must be preceded by an analysis of the most optimal effects resulting from socio-economic and technical-environmental needs. The main research area on which research is being conducted is the sand open pit in the final phase of operation, whose excavations are simultaneously recultivated by their ...

Anthropogenic pressure on water resources in Moscow and Moscow region has reached a critical level, due to the decrease in surface runoff and the transition of rivers to groundwater supply during low water. With the formation of runoff, the hydrological and hydrochemical parameters of water change dramatically ? wastewater discharges from settlements and industrial plants cause great damage to the ecology of the river, and the possibility of dilution and the ability to self-purification of water decrease. Any rive...

In the research phase of nuclear materials from the Backa area (NW of Serbia), hydrogeochemical prospecting was applied, which covers an area of about 500 km2. Samples were collected from surface water, from sources and wells, and bores. Combined hydrogeochemical methods included the examination of U, Ra, Pb, Zn, Cu, Mo, Li, Sr; anions HCO3-, SO42-, Cl-; cations Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, as well as the determination of SiO2, Eh, Ep and pH values. Additional testing determined the water content: NO3, F, Br, J, P. Value ...

To assess the hydrogeological conditions and indicate the major components of the water balance in the landfill area, located in the border of the city Tychy, southern Poland, a modeling investigation was applied. Groundwater flow model on the local scale for steady-state conditions for the year 2016 was created in FEFLOW environment, ver. 7.0. Modeled unconfined Quaternary aquifer was calibrated against hydraulic head measurements from 18 observation wells, 10 of them surrounded the old site of a municipal landfi...

The aim of the study is to elaborate an understanding of the impact that endogenous processes have on the development of erosion patterns on flatlands (within aseismic platforms). Most of the studies based on river flow simulation cover very limited areas (one river basin, one ravine, one stream) and a narrow time range (days, months, a few years). The scope of the study can be expanded by modeling the erosion-tectonic relief. The object of this research is a rolling plateau in the east of the East European Plain....

Since 1998, MHI has been monitoring the hydrological and hydrochemical characteristics of the waters of the Sevastopol Bay. The purpose of this work is to study the hydrological characteristics of the waters of the Sevastopol Bay, according to the expedition research data of the MHI in 2006-2018. This paper uses data from 34 surveys from 2006?2018. Studies during the majority of surveys were carried out on a grid of 36 stations, with 3 stations being performed just before going to the bay, the rest in the Sevastop...

River basin management is at present of great importance as a response of the increased frequency of extreme hydrological events in a changing climate. The emerging need for streamflow control awaits a capable hydrological outcome. Data collection and processing are the essence of a proper representation of the hydrological processes in a watershed. The main objective of this study is to introduce an approach for a watershed spatial variability processing hence determining the parameters for building up a hydrolog...

The main factor for determination the floodplain terrace as a geomorphological body is the inundation of the bottom of river valleys by flood and high waters. However, to determinate a high floodplain and separate it from other terraces, it is necessary to use other natural components. Expeditionary and field research conducted by the Kazan Federal University on the study of small and medium rivers (more than 156 completed) in the Middle Volga region from 1983 to the present time made it possible to determine that...

Electronic waste is becoming a serious environmental and economical concern worldwide. The annual growth rate of about 4-5 % in 2016 is one of the fastest growing waste stream in municipal wastes and only about 20% of e-waste is recycled. The rapid growth in the use of electronic equipment caused by various socio-economic reasons has contributed significantly to the generation of large quantity of e-waste. After the use-phase, the electronic devices become electronic waste (e-waste); consequently, it is important ...

The article is dedicated to the study of hydrometeorological parameters on a stationary oceanographic platform in the Black Sea. The research paper contains the description developed in the Marine Hydrophysical Institute?s complex for measuring meteorological parameters (wave height, wind speed and direction, free-air and sea temperature, barometric pressure, relative humidity). The measurements were carried out on a stationary oceanographic platform located in the coastal zone of the southern coast of Crimea at a...

This paper deals with validation of an enhanced mathematical model for description of coupled heat and moisture transport which is able to model ice forming processes. This phenomenon is usually neglected because of computational difficulties even if it has a significant influence on heat and moisture transport. For the sake of model validation, data gathered by means of semi-scale experiment was used, analyzing a hygrothermal performance of a real building assembly ? an external wall. The wall was exposed to dyna...

A distinctive structure has ascertained in the area of the Western Carpathians on the bases of the Remote Sensing, in the past. Their explanation and verification has not yet realized, even though all structures have regional character and many morphological signs, which ambiguously point out recent activity and deformations, including the present earthquake foci. Among mentioned structures belongs to the interpreted non-linear structures - ?gravity nappe? in the western part of the Nizke Tatry Mts. and adjacent a...

The issue of spatial development of post-industrial facilities and areas is currently one of the most important challenges of planning urban development. The renewal and revitalisation of such areas is part of contemporary trends involving optimal and sustainable development of urbanised areas in order to create a compact city, i.e. one efficiently using its spatial resources. The implementation of revitalisation projects is a complex and expensive process which often requires remediation or reclamation, and consi...

The identification of fluid contacts (gas-water contact ? GWC, oil-water contact ? OWC and gas-oil contact ? GOC) is essential for field reserve estimates and field development and, also, for detailed formation evaluation. For the accurate calculation of some petrophysical parameters, such as porosity, the reservoir interval has to be zoned by fluid type, to account for differences in fluid saturations and fluid properties (e.g., hydrogen index, density, sonic transit time) in the various intervals: gas cap, oil c...

Water elements represent a significant part of the environment of cultural heritage sites, conservation zones and areas. The environment quality of such water elements is threatened by many impacts, including water pollution, nutrients etc. The article presents results of the phosphorus contamination of selected typical water elements and its systems and the course of the water trophic potential during the year 2017 of the mentioned water elements. Generally, the research tried to answer the question, if it is pos...

The existence of the traditional human resources department within the organization has always been of interest to organizations as a whole, especially for the agribusiness sector, as this sector faces difficult working conditions. They offer products that cover the basic needs of the population by having an important social role, so it would be interesting to analyze human resource patterns and show us how much was their integrity and application is today. Therefore, by analyzing the application of each model in ...

The construction of bridges over watercourses is a practice that is vitally important to provide communication links between population areas. It is significant to understand the hydraulics, hydrology and geomorphology of the watercourse, and how these factors will affect and be affected by the bridge structure in order to ensure the safety and efficient design of these water crossings. The village of L'Ile-Bouchard is located in the center of France. Increasing of traffic is one of the most serious problems in vi...