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Due to a nuclear power station accident in Chernobyl the soil, agricultural crops and biomass were contaminated by radiocaesium, in other words radioactive caesium (137Cs) within the Czech Republic. Focused on long ? term contamination, the most important element is the radiocaesium (137Cs), which is absorbed by both the human organism and the plants and is still deposited in the upper layers of the soil. Experience not only from the Chernobyl and Fukushima disasters has shown that public access to up ? to ? date ...

Rare earth elements form the group of 15 elements from the lanthanide group (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu) and two elements from the scandium group (Sc and Y). The lanthanide group can be divided into two subgroups: Light Rare Earth Elements (LREE) and Heavy Rare Earth Elements (HREE). The variability of the content was determined for LREE (Ce ? cerium, lanthanum ? La) and elements from the scandium group (Sc ? scandium, Y ? yttrium). The analyzed samples of bituminous coal were c...

For the tests a coal seam no. 209 of the Piast-Ziemowit coal mine has been selected, which is located in the south-eastern part of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB). The basic material of the study was the results of laboratory analysis of sulfur and ash content from the furrow samples taken in the mining excavations of the coal seam no. 209 Piast-Ziemowit coal mine. The main objective of the research was to analyze the structure of variability of sulfur and ash content in hard coal using statistical and geosta...

The paper presents the results of meteorological parameters in vertical profile of troposphere above the aerodrome EPDE in D?blin, in Poland. The vertical profile of meteorological parameters in troposphere zone is very important in context of products of air meteorology. The vertical distribution of the troposphere's metrological parameters is also very important for performing flight operations by pilots and air traffic control services. Appropriate metrological protection allows pilots to fully prepare for the ...

Establishing public policies that result in decision-makers and citizens who are much more active when drafting, using, or pursuing how to implement strategies on proposed goals through sustainable development. Romania's National Strategy on Sustainable Development is based on the European Union Strategy for Sustainable Development with the set-ups set in Lisbon, and it is meant to be a binder for the elaboration and establishment of new public policies, which have the effect of changing the attitude of the societ...

The pressure regulators used in underwater breathing apparatuses determine the respiratory comfort of the diver. Our study focuses on the turbulent flow of gas through the series of valves and nozzles that are component elements of a pressure regulator. The pneumatic resistance, induced by the mechanism that controls the dependence between the air flow rate and the pressure differential created by the diver?s air intake, influences to a notable degree the breathing effort. The second stage of an underwater regulat...

D?mbovi?a River flows through Bucharest, capital of Romania, from NW to SE, bringing something from the nature in our capital. Since 1986, at the entrance in Bucharest, in order to control floods, it was realized Lacul Morii reservoir and the riverbed of D?mbovi?a was regulated along the city. ?Lacul Morii? reservoir is the largest lake in Bucharest covers an area of 246 ha and has as other potential water uses: providing water for CET Groz?ve?ti, irrigation, pisciculture, production of electricity. The reservoir ...

The paper suggests a mathematical model, which is to evaluate interaction of a wheeled mover and forest soil. The model is composed by compiling results, which were obtained by independent researchers in the framework of vehicle locomotion theory under off-road conditions and authors` obtained dependencies. In particular, the model includes refined formula for calculating shape of contact area with the ground (formula allows to take into account the deformation modulus effect on contact area shape), for calculatin...

The paper presents a mathematical model designed to calculate the depth of the rut formed by a small-sized skidder on soft soils. The model bases on scientific research in the theory of off-the-road locomotion, completed with the authors? own theoretical developments. The model uses deformation modulus and bearing capacity as integral characteristics of strength and deformability of the soil. Moreover, because the deformation modulus of soft soils has a low value and is comparable to the normal stresses, the model...

This paper presents a comparative analysis using Finite Element Method (F.E.M.) of the foundations with different shapes (cylindrical, truncated cone and hemispherical plate), placed on cohesionless soils with different compaction degrees. The comparison was performed function of the bearing capacity and of the states of stress and deformation that appear in the foundation ground for different load steps to which the foundations are subjected. The foundation systems studied in this paper consist in foundations rea...

The ternary gypsum-based mortar, composed of gypsum, hydrated lime, silica fume, and standard sand was investigated. The system gypsum-lime- silica fume was prepared in order to improve the resistance of gypsum-based materials against water. The silica fume, as a pozzolan admixture, reacts with hydrated lime and forms CSH phases in the material. The method of storage has the influence on the development of material structure, its composition and properties. Therefore the samples were stored in two different enviro...

The performance of solar modules is fundamental during the conversion process in electrical energy, depending on the temperature of the solar cell. The photovoltaic power and efficiency decrease with temperature rise, Tc. In this paper are found useful aspects regarding the increase of the temperature of solar cells correlated with commercial photovoltaic panels, based on thermal monocrystalline silicon. Correlation of all parameters in terms of materials used by the photovoltaic industry, as well as weather condi...

Braking using the eddy current induction phenomenon is used in traction systems, retarders supporting the truck braking system, but also in the testing of rotating machines to create artificial loads. In addition to the desired phenomenon of interaction between the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic brake coils and the field created in the brake disc as a result of induced electromotive forces causing eddy currents, during the brake operation is generated heat that is the effect of the eddy currents t...

The article analyzes the thermal and humidity conditions of the ?arnowska Peatland, which is part of a larger complex of raised bogs located in the coastal zone of the Baltic Sea in Poland. The research was carried out on the basis of long-term changes in air temperature, atmospheric precipitation and field evaporation (1951-2015) from the synoptic station in ?eba. The mentioned indicators were used to determine their impact on the formation of seasonal variability of groundwater level on the peat bog. The climati...

A geographical location, an atmospheric circulation, a terrain sculpture and the presence of water reservoirs determine thermal conditions in Poland. The influence of these factors overlaps an impact of local factors as well as the effects of air transformation as a result of the process of an energy exchange at the interface between the atmosphere and its surface. The thermal conditions prevailing in a specific area can be determined on the basis of average values and extreme air temperatures. These characteristi...

In this paper, a PVC filled with a biodegradable polymer, such as polyhydroxybutyrate, was investigated. Polyhydroxybutyrate is a natural biopolymer, but its use limits its high cost. These polymeric composites were obtained by rolling. Thermal and thermomechanical properties of polymer composites based on PVC containing various amounts of polyhydroxybutyrate are studied. It has been determined by differential scanning calorimetry method that the glass transition temperature of PVC decreases with increasing percen...

Growth in the world economy requires an increase in global energy demand. And oil remained the world?s leading fuel, accounting for a third of global energy consumption (BP?s Energy Outlook, 2017 edition). However, the amount of conventional light oils is rapidly declining due to long-term and largely-scale extraction. Therefore, to relieve the pressure exerted on conventional oil resources, it is imperative to efficiently develop and utilize those unconventional oil reserves. Heavy oil is considered as an alterna...

The last cycle of the glacial history including the glaciation of the Late Pleistocene (100 to 11 kyr BP) and the modern interglacial (Holocene) is a key period in climate research. Understanding the mechanisms of growth, dynamics and decay of ice sheets (the Laurentide ice sheet in North America and the Scandinavian ice sheet in Europe) provides information to understanding past global climate changes and more reliable predictions of the future climate. The direct source of information on the temperature regime a...

The purpose of this study is thermodynamic simulation modelling of physicochemical conditions of the high-grade gold ore formation in the hydrothermally altered host rocks at different levels of erosion. In modelling, equilibrium mineral assemblages in the ores were obtained by minimizing the Gibbs free energy of chemical processes. The thermodynamic modelling of gold deposition was based on mineralogical-petrographic volumetric mapping and quantitative phase analysis of the ore and host rock samples. The high-gra...

Plastic is often one of the major components of municipal solid waste and its processing product Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) and thus, waste plastic is an alternative energy resource of importance for implementing Waste-to-Energy strategy. The aim of this study is to investigate the thermal decomposition characteristics by means of thermogravimetric (TG) and derivative thermogravimetric (DTG) analysis of plastic commonly found in municipal solid waste from perspective of possibilities to use gasification as a proces...

Background: In recent years, researchers are increasingly interested in plant raw materials containing phenolic compounds, including flavonoids, due to their harmlessness and a wide range of biological activity. In plants and biological fluids flavonoids are found mainly in the form of a variety of glycosides. One of the most promising plant sources of phenolic compounds is Oxytropis glabra Lam.DC. In this regard, the issue of rapid and qualitative assessment of biologically active substances in medicinal plant ra...

Background: In recent years, researchers are increasingly interested in plant raw materials containing phenolic compounds, including flavonoids, due to their harmlessness and a wide range of biological activity. In plants and biological fluids flavonoids are found mainly in the form of a variety of glycosides. One of the most promising plant sources of phenolic compounds is Oxytropis glabra Lam.DC. In this regard, the issue of rapid and qualitative assessment of biologically active substances in medicinal plant ra...

The purpose of the paper has been finding an effective numerical diffusion model able to predict the patterns of the particulate matter PM10 transported by the wind within the urban area of Craiova (major city in Romania) from the nearby ash dump produced by Craiova II Thermal Power. In order to verify this mathematical model, experimental data have been gathered during four weeks in the selected area, in different seasons and places, by using a particulate matter sampling system and then gravimetrically evaluatin...

Modeling and calculations of the reinforced soil displacements are a current problem in engineering geology and geotechnical investments. One of the forms of soil reinforcement is the use of geocell systems. Geosynthetics increase the strength of weak subgrade by insertion stiffness for tension and extending the durability of geotechnical structures. Geocell systems are often used in transport infrastructure, for example for reinforcing the subgrade of railway lines. This paper presents the results of finite eleme...

3D model has been presented for numerical modeling of gravitational waves near the shoreline in this work. It consists of Navier-Stokes equation system, which includes three momentum equations and mass conservation law equation in region with dynamically varying boundaries. The variant of physical processes splitting method (the method of pressure correction) has been used to construct stable and conservative finite volume scheme. The adaptive alternating-triangular iterative method has been used for solving obtai...

In the time before the geoglyphs? popularization by the German scientist Dr. Maria Reiche, geoglyphs were subject to considerable destruction by humans, trough geoglyphs and lines led by local roads, areas served for military exercises, etc. This problem was solved by the inclusion of the area into the UNESCO World Site in 1994. The greatest contribution to the protection of geoglyphs and lines was by Dr. Maria Reiche, who died in Peru in 1998. After 24 years of protecting the famous Nasca?s geoglyph?s and lines, ...

The advancement of tracking technologies such as RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) in recent years is developing the study area of shopping behavior of consumers in retailing setting which globally regained increased interest. However, not so many studies have attempted to analyze consumer shopping behavior using the RFID data. The purpose of this paper is to propose the framework based on behavioral variables, which can be tested using the RFID data obtained from the experiment in one of the supermarkets in J...

Thanks to the ability to collect information about large areas and with high frequency in time areas threatened by floods can be closely monitored. The effects of flooding are socio-economic losses. In order to reduce those losses, actions related to the determination of building zones are taken. Moreover, the conditions to be met by facilities approved for implementation in such areas are determined. Therefore, satellite data from the Earth observation program play a key role in assessing water conditions that ar...

This paper proposes a forecasting model based on time series technique for solar energy generation. The increasing use of renewable energy from solar and wind sources has gained acceptance and is being increasingly used. The main problems with these energies sources are the dependence of power output on the environmental parameters and the circadian variation. In order to obtain a continuous time series, average daily specific power records, W/m2, are used and moving average and exponential smoothing were tested t...

The time-dependent seismicity along the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ, 38В°-42В°N, 23В°-42В°E) is examined by means of the Decelerating-Accelerating Seismic strain release (D-AS) model. The model relies on observations of decreasing Benioff strain release several years before a strong earthquake, in the vicinity of the fault to be ruptured (seismogenic region), and increasing strain release in a broader area around this fault (critical region). Both patterns are manifested by moderate magnitude earthquakes (pre...

The study of intra-annual dynamic of wood formation is one of the most progressive and fast-growing fields in plant sciences. The main anatomical characteristics of tree-ring structure, e.g. number of cells and radial cell size, are closely related to the kinetics of cell production. In this case, the timing of seasonal production is a fundamental aspect of plant development and functioning. To better assess the impact of specific climatic events to the timing and dynamic of growth, a process-based modeling can be...

Phenology is a study of timing of event taking place in nature. In a functional ecosystem phenological phases for mutually dependent are synchronized. In a rapidly changing climate there is a risk of decoupling, that is spring development of interdependent could species proceed at different peace. We are investigating the likely timing of spring phenological phases during the last and upcoming centuries for two tree species common in northern and central Europe: bird cherry (Prunus padus known also as Padus racemo...

Bisphenol A (C15H16O2) 2,2-(4,4?-dihydroxydiphenyl) propane (BPA) is known for its endocrine disrupting properties in human body in addition to various other harmful effects. BPA has been detected in the aquatic environment at concentration levels varying from nanograms to micrograms per litre of water in many countries and regions. Due to the inefficiency of BPA removal using the common water treatment methods (physicochemical, biological, and electrochemical), advanced oxidation process was applied. UV-VIS photo...

The study of issues related to the cost of production of biofuel deals with most modern countries. The cost of fuel is one of the most important indicators in the production of various types of energy. The cost of production of biofuels from wood is affected by many factors. Constant components of the cost of production of fuel chips are the collection, removal and shredding and loading of wood chips into motor vehicles, which are 500 rubles/m3. Transporting and unloading chips in the consumer is a variable compon...

Terrestrial and submarine mud volcanoes of the Taman Peninsula are confined to the continuation of the Temryuk-Kerch anticline zone. Many of them, especially submarine volcanoes, are characterized by periods of active spontaneous activity. Mud volcanoes are of interest as not only objects that can have a negative impact on the natural environment, but also as sources bringing benefits in the form of erupted mud masses that are used to treat people. Up to this point, the question of the depth and temperature of the...

The paper consider the impact of the view on petroleum origin on the strugegy its exploration. The petroleum is complex, natural Self-organizing system. Its genesis, migration and accumulation in a pool is discrete process not associated with Biosphere matter and energy. Hydrocarbon (HC) molecules are generating during their migration thought Lithosphere layers under catalytic interaction with their selves and rocks. The structure and composition of the HC molecules different type appearing during the stages of th...

The climate and environmental interests are regulated by huge amount of legislative rules. Each country have to make national inventory of GHG and air pollutants, however the guidelines for calculations are developed by different organizations: EMEP/EEA for air pollutant emission inventory guide and IPCC for national greenhouse gas inventory. Also the state can develop own methodology to calculate emissions based on national research. This often leads to inconsistency of calculation results. The aim of this study ...

The statistical data on the structure of the land fund in Arad County, located in western Romania, highlights changes in the temporal evolution of the surfaces with different uses. One of the causes of these ?migrations? is changing the land use category, for various reasons, legal or technical aspects. In this context, the present paper describes the evolution of the surfaces and the stages that need to be taken to change the land use category, the case study being the ?transformation? from arable into pasture. I...

At the time of commencement of the documentation and investigation activity on the problem of critical statuses of the Zlatna mine, the subject, respectively the studied area presented an accelerated dynamic as regards the degradation of the environmental components. Information gathered from the technical and environmental documentation prepared in previous years and a site visit revealed an extremely precarious state of the Zlatna mine, in terms of safety. Against the background of the phenomenon, with broad soc...

In this study, total heavy metal distributions in serpentinite soils from T?rko?lu-Kahramanmara? region SE Turkey were investigated. Common ultramafic rock types (dunite, harzburgite, lherzolite, wehrlite) and the secondary alteration products formed by their hydration within the Earth?s crust (serpentinite) are the primary source of serpentinite soils. The characteristics of soils developed on serpentinite and peridotite differ from other soils. Numerous studies have reported that typical heavy metal enrichment i...

An article presents a map of a geospatial distribution of most attractive tourist?s objects within Rivne Oblast in Ukraine. A map of geospatial distribution of tourist?s objects was carried out by a vector graphics editor ?CorelDraw X5? on the basis of list of architectural, monumental, archeological, nature objects of national and local importance in Oblast. Was created a map of geospatial distribution of tourists objects within Rivne Oblast and has been calculated their quantity and index of percentage. On the b...

Many countries have no waste separation and mixed household waste accumulated mostly in landfills could pose serious environmental risk if landfills do not fulfill the requirements. The risk becomes much higher with increasing of hazardous components quantities in household waste (having hazardous properties and containing toxic chemicals). These include batteries, fluorescent lamps, chlorine-containing plastics, aromatic compounds and many others. Some hazardous waste are toxic themselves (waste oils) and some ar...

The basis for safety management is the assumption that safe conditions as well as safe behaviour at work do not arise spontaneously, but must be worked out according to a pre-approved program. It is known that preventive actions have a much greater importance and sense than the removing of a damage resulting from accidents. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures aimed at improving the working conditions, equipment and conduct of employees hired in the mine. The presented article is an attempt at a practical a...

The Federal Law on Best Available Techniques (BAT) becomes the main instrument regulating pollutant emissions from Russian industrial installations. The Law was adopted in July 2014, following an extensive review of the current environmental legislation. The new Law aims to achieve a high level of environmental protection taken as a whole by reducing harmful industrial emissions through the application of BATs. Minimum 6,500 installations undertaking the industrial activities described as Category I (Integrated Po...

In model experiments, the influence of various media on the degree of transformation of kerogen of the Domanic rock in hydrothermal processes was studied. The object of the study was a sample of the rock, from the interval of depths of 1712.5-1718.5 m of the Semiluki-Bureg (Domanic) deposits of the Berezovskaya area of the Romashkinsky deposit, which is a dark gray marl alternating with limestone. The content of OM in the rock is 11.73%, according to the thermal analysis data, a significant part of which (9.56%) i...

Climate change is the leading factor in the development of soil formation. As our studies have shown, not only long-term (for centuries), but also centennial (for decades) climate fluctuations can lead to the noticeable change in the areas and contours of soil ranges in the forest-steppe zone of the central part of Eastern Europe. In order to study the peculiarities of transformation of soil contours in time, the authors carried out the comparative analysis of large-scale (1:50000) soil maps conducted in different...

The redevelopment of the railway network in Krakow has been ongoing for some years now. Efforts undertaken in order to improve the comfort and quality of travel have an influence on functional and spatial changes in the surroundings of modernised railway stops. The redevelopment of elements of the railway network is essential from the point of view of the possibility of supplementing public transport, in addition to affecting the establishment of new circulation nodes that provide services to a significant number ...

Allocation of electricity exchanges between bidding zones represents one of the major challenges of European Electricity Market. Initially, it was an ATC capacity basedallocation mechanism for electricity markets. Currently, a powerflow based allocation method it is intended to be implemented. Starting from the premise to more efficiently use the transmission networks, the authors addressed the issue of transmission capacity and their related transmission costs allocation from theperspective of zonal approach. Aut...

It often becomes necessary to evaluate the stress state of the rock massif when developing deposits of solid minerals. Timeous obtaining of data on geomechanical condition of rock massif provides the opportunity to estimate the level of stress and strain fields? development in the mining area and to address the possibility of the occurrence of unfortunate events associated with the rock pressure and gas-dynamic processes. Also, this information offers an opportunity to select effective and safe design schemes and ...

Municipal wastewater represents interesting source of irrigation water, especially in the situation where shortage of water is a growing problem in arid areas around the world. The potential decrease in soil fertility and expansion of arid areas due to global climate change represents the actual problem in agriculture in both developed and developing countries. The main objectives of the present study were to describe the impact of irrigation by different types of wastewater on content of C and N in soil, leaching...