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Pasta, is an unleavened, dry food produced from flour, water and eggs and other additions such as vegetables, fruits. In this paper on the basis of the technology and recipe of its own manufacture, two types of wide noodles with broth and wide noodles with spinach were obtained. Based on the methods of the quality standards, the samples of noodles were evaluated physicochemical from the point of view of the water content, as well as the content of protein and ash substances. The results obtained by physicochemical...

The artisanally produced cheese feels a major comeback. Shops specialising in artisanal cheeses are increasingly selling artisanal cheeses made by local producers. In this work we made an assortment of matured cheese, from cow's milk, according to a traditional recipe from Harghita County, Romania. The technological process of obtaining ripened cheeses from cow's milk, studied by us, complies with the traditional technology used for many years. The products obtained were physicochemical evaluated in terms of moist...

Modern educational technologies offer great opportunities for teachers of general education institutions to develop key competencies in students in the geography and ecology classes. Curriculum guidelines in geography pay great attention to improving the skills of unsupervised activities, including using the resources of geographic information systems. The outcomes of mastering the main educational program should reflect the knowledge of geoinformation technologies as a tool for collecting and processing research ...

The present material demonstrates appliance of regional studies on the area of Central Danube Plain in Bulgaria for determination the characteristic maximum flows at nonobserved river sections with focusing on for flood risk areas. River flow is characterized by annual variability in maximum runoff caused by climatic factors and anthropogenic impacts. For this reason, in most cases, information from hydrometric stations cannot be used directly. One of the main tasks of hydrological research is the transfer of info...

In geodetic practice, the definition of spatial objects in relation to a uniform and reliable coordinate system is of paramount importance. In the Republic of Bulgaria by the Decree of the Council of Ministers No 153 of 29 July 2010 and Regulation No 2 of 30 July 2010 on the Definition and Maintenance of the Bulgarian Geodetic System 2005 (BGS2005). The points of the State GPS network (SGPSN), defined in the ETRS89 coordinate system, realization ETRF2000, epoch 2005.0 represent a realization of BGS2005 and their i...

An ambitious reduction in greenhouse gas emissions is set by the political initiative -The European Green Deal- and -Fit for 55- package. The municipalities, which carry out the strategic management of the district heating systems, will have to ensure the sustainable development of the territory in a way that includes a significant increase in energy efficiency both in the building stock and in the related district heating system. The aim of this research is to study and develop an easy-to-use methodology and an a...

Anthropogenic eutrophication is the main ecological problem of the Baltic Sea. However, there are many rivers entering the sea without monitoring points. The paper presents methodology for evaluation of the total phosphorus and nitrogen discharges outflow unit discharges from catchment areas of such rivers. As example, we consider Russian part of the Finnish Gulf catchment area. The first stage of the methodology consists in determination of partial catchment areas of rivers with water runoff and the biogenic elem...

Lithium ion batteries are widely used in portable electronic devices, electric vehicles and renewable energy storage. They can be harmful to the environment if disposed of improperly. Recycling lithium ion batteries is an important solution to reduce their impact on the environment. Currently, there are several methods of recycling lithium ion batteries, including chemical recycling and physical recycling. Chemical recycling involves dismantling batteries and separating the components through chemical reactions su...

Changing climatic conditions in urbanized areas have an enormous impact on the quality of life in urbanized areas. Persistent long-term dry periods, extreme downpours with large quantities or long-lasting rains are an extreme problem for efficient water management in cities. Extreme changes in the weather also result in a risk to the environment when soaking in or relieving highly contaminated water from the first flush. These wastewaters are a potential source of groundwater and surface water pollution, in which ...

Nanomaterials are materials with new properties that interact through complex processes at the nanometric scale that include reactions in the quantum field and which still represent an unknown for many researchers. Improving the performance of cement mortar is generally achieved with the help of various additions. Nanoparticles have recently become a material very often used in the additive of various recipes of cementitious materials and not only, because at such a size their properties change surprisingly and th...

The MiFiRE (Microgravity Fine Regolith Experiment) experiment, which will be launched this year on a suborbital space flight, currently scheduled for August 2023, was designed with the aim of better understanding the initial stages of planetary formation. The fundamental and embryonic question is to contribute to the study of how the mineral and rock particles, which do not have enough mass for the gravitational force to be influential, can then aggregate through electrostatic forces. In order to recreate the envi...

Many exploited mineral deposits are at the final stage of development. The depletion of mineral reserves leads to a reduction in the volume of production and output, as well as to the social tension of single-industry towns, whose activities are directly dependent on the mining and processing industries of the economy. In our research, the initial data are the materials of geological observations and testing of tailings storages of the copper ore beneficiation factories of Kazakhstan. Studies on the composition an...

To reach autonomous control with good performance in shearer operated longwall mines, control algorithms have to be adapted to the system behaviour. Thus, one of the challenging tasks in this area is the identification of the behaviour, which is declared as complex and specific to each mining area. Therefore, it is necessary to determine a suitable model that reproduces the cut behaviour of a shearer loader and can be adapted to a real mining system. This paper shows and analyses possible model structures to predi...

Grasslands is globally important vegetation type for providing feed resources for grazing animals. An improved understanding of the factors affecting the long-term productivity of the ecosystems will be beneficial, as well as to developing a better understanding of the role these ecosystems play in global environmental change. Arid and semi-arid Mediterranean grasslands provide valuable forage for grazing animals in the eastern part of the Mediterranean area and have been subjected to long-term unsustainable grazi...

The article examines the possibility of using corrugated pipes in the evaporator to intensify the heat exchange process. A computer model was constructed using the finite element method in Fluent ANSYS. Performed computer simulation of the boiling process of liquid in a smooth and corrugated pipe and was check it for adequacy. According to the modeling results, was carry out a comparative analysis of quantitative and qualitative indicators for a smooth and corrugated pipe. The temperature value in smooth and corru...

Climate change brings a number of risks. Increasing numbers of weather fluctuations, floods, extreme heat and droughts have potential to endanger people's lives, health and property. The paper presents modern technologies and possible use in the field of hydrology connected to disaster management. Main attention is paid to the use of innovative technologies for the needs of protecting and prevent population from hydrological risks. Currently, the trend of introducing new technologies is clear, due to adapting to t...

The escalating intensity of climate change-induced storms necessitates efficient methods for surveying storm-damaged forests. This study conducted in Estonia employed Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), equipped with compact cameras, to assess damage over a 16 square kilometer storm-affected area. We created digital surface models (DSMs) and orthophoto mosaics using two types of drones - a fixedwing and a multirotor. While both types had their distinct advantages depending on the terrain, a 70% x 70% overlap of image...

The purpose of this study is the analysis of the dynamics of tectonic movements accompanied by two strong seismic events that occurred in the Durres area (Albania) in September-November 2019, through the use of GNSS technology, applied to national permanent satellite geodetic networks. Previous studies have been carried out on our study area by foreign authors from Croatia, Greece, and Italy. For our study case, we relied on geodetic weekly data secured from the Bulletins of Italian and Austrian stations, BSW52, o...

Since ancient times, chromium oxide was used 2000 years ago by the Chinese to cover the tips of weapons and later, as late as 1988, hexavalent chromium was discovered to be dangerous to humans. Currently, many companies carry out chrome plating of plastic parts, which consists in creating a superficial layer of diffusion, of an iron-chromium alloy with up to 10 - 20% chromium. Coating by electrolytic deposition is the most widely used method for creating protective layers for plastic materials and consists in elec...

Adaptation strategies are highly desirable documents based on more frequently occurring hydrological extremes. These strategic documents are prepared at different levels, the state level on one side and the regional or city level on the other side. The complex approach that was chosen for the Pardubice and Pilsen regions was also applied to the territory of the Dyje basin. Specifically, a multi-criteria analysis was used as a means of selecting priority model areas. Based on the analyses developed from the availab...

The process of selecting and prioritizing investment project proposals in construction is characterized by multiple objectives and uncertainties due to incomplete information and the multitude and dynamics of factors that can intervene. Knowing their significance and influence on the final investment decision, it is a complex problem that requires a multi-critical analysis with both quantitative and qualitative factors, necessary for a good quantification and evaluation. In recent years, the increase in the comple...

Composting municipal organic waste is important for several reasons, including greenhouse gas emissions reduction, soil health improvement, nutrients recycle, waste reduction, costs reduction (by reducing the waste volumes, the handling costs are decreased). Information on the practices of municipal organic waste composting in Romania is limited, thus a comprehensive evaluation of the limiting factors and current solution was carried out. According to the European Environment Agency, Romania has made progress in o...

The incorporation of natural fibres as reinforcement of concrete is attractive from a sustainable perspective. In fact, natural fibres improve the deformation capacity and increase the ductility of concrete. In addition, natural fibres are lightweight, renewable, less expensive than man-made fibres and locally abundant. However, in order to determine their use in different concrete applications, it is necessary to know the impact on the mechanical properties and the benefits that can be obtained by incorporating t...

In the previous research by author conducted in 2016 [1], the indicators characterizing natural resources in Latvian rural municipalities were analysed, looking for connections with the overall territorial development and growth. The study concluded that there are significant differences in the development of municipalities, using the complex territorial development index (TDI) and analysing the available natural resources, such as forests, agricultural land areas, receiving EU funding, etc. The municipalities wit...

An intense seismic activity started on February, 2023, close to Targu Jiu city, in Gorj region (Romania), as part of the Getic Depression. The earthquakes were located nearby the contact between Getic Depression and the Carpathians orogen. The seismic sequence consisted of more than 3100 foreshocks with the highest magnitude of Mw=4.9 (occurred on 13 February 2023), respectively Mw= 5.4 (on 14 February). A stable and automatic method, implemented and optimized in the real time data acquisition and processing syste...

Accurate river flow forecasting is an extremely important issue for proper management and optimal use of water resources as well as for warnings of extreme hydrometeorological events. Rainfall-runoff simulation is essential for short and longterm forecasting of the river discharge. Determining the relationship between rainfall and runoff is one of the most important tasks faced by hydrologists. This relationship is a nonlinear and extremely complex process influenced by many factors such as watershed topology, veg...

A small amount of flammable gas mixed with dust can cause a large explosion with serious consequences. In this study, explosion tests of hybrid mixtures were performed in an explosion chamber with a volume of 0.02 m3. Spitzer et al. (2023) presented the first ever test of hybrid mixtures with methane as the gas component and a specific cornstarch as the dust sample, investigating the practicality of the whole procedure, the dispersion of the results and the variation between the test apparatuses. The research ment...

A small amount of flammable gas mixed with dust can cause a large explosion with serious consequences. In this study, explosions of hybrid mixtures will be performed in an explosion chamber with a volume of 0.02 m3 and 1.00 m3. Research into testing the explosion characteristics of hybrid mixtures is usually conducted under standard conditions. Testing the explosion characteristics of hybrid mixtures at higher initial temperatures has already been presented in several earlier studies. Hybrid mixtures are created a...

In this paper will discuss the minerals present in pegmatites, seen as a way of storing chemical elements, important from an economic point of view. The study area is called Con?u - Negovanu, and is located between the two mountain massifs known as Cindrel (Cibin) and Lotru Mountains. Muscovite (seen as a possible indicator for lithium in Con?u - Negovanu pegmatites), one of the important minerals alongside quartz, spodumene, and albite cleavelandite variety, is probably the mineral that includes in its structure ...

In 1923 Le Corbusier-s Vers une architecture was published for the first time, maybe the most influential essay for the discipline ever. Imprinted on the title page of that first edition was the photo of the deck of the steamer Aquitaine, at the time the most up-to- date result of the industry: from there, the -machine- became the model for a radical renewal of architecture. Nowadays, in 2023, who would ever dream of presenting the latest cruise ship or a super-jet as a paradigm for a renewed architecture? In fact...

The paper presents a detailed review of ore and alluvial gold mineral raw material base of North East of Yakutia and estimates the economic efficiency of development of gold deposits not involved in the exploitation. Research methods: analysis and comparison, qualitative and quantitative features of the mineral raw material base of Yakutia, formed and replenished databases on a number of deposits of the region; methods of analogy, economic-statistical, methods of system analysis and decision support, evaluation of...

Biopolymers have gained notoriety due to their unique physical, chemical, and mechanical characteristics and performances. Due to their regenerability, compostability, biocompatibility, non-immunogenic, non-toxic, or non-allergenic properties, they have surpassed the boundaries of the food industry and have become fundamental components in biomedicine or the pharmaceutical industry. Thus, the most well-known applications are as drug delivery systems, tissue engineering, or wound dressings. In addition to all these...

The results of numerical simulation of the accumulation of nitrogen oxides in the deadend and main workings during the operation of the mucking and flitting device at the stages of loading and auxiliary operations are presented. The process of accumulation of nitrogen oxides is modeled on the basis of a previously developed two-stage methodological approach: the 1st stage is the calculation of aerodynamic parameters with applying a standard (?? ? ??)-model turbulence and the 2nd stage is the solution of the convec...

This study was examined to assess the beneficial effects of baobab flour (BF) on wheat flour (WF) muffins. Four (4) types of muffins, including control and 3 with 10, 20, and 30% BF, were produced and analyzed from a nutritional, phytochemical, and organoleptic point of view. The results of the nutritional analyses revealed that partial substitution of WF by BF significantly improved the nutritional characteristics of the muffins. There was a significant increase in mineral and lipid content in the muffins as BF b...

Goji fruits (Lycium barbarum) are known for their very high content of antioxidants, supplemented by a high intake of vitamins, (including vitamins A, C and vitamins from the B complex), minerals (calcium, magnesium, selenium), proteins, fibers and amino acids. Thus, goji fruits have a very high nutritional potential, which is why their inclusion in the daily menu or their use for therapeutic purposes have proven extremely beneficial for the human body. Hazelnuts (Corylus avelana) and pistachios (Pistachia vera) a...

The study presents results and discuss statistical properties of wind-generated sea waves measured in transitional waters of the Burgas Bay at the Bulgarian Black Sea. Wave measurements were acquired by Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler at two locations offshore Kraymorie and Chernomorets at water depths of approx. 15 m and 18 m, respectively. At each location, data were recorded for about three and a half months in winter seasons of 2021-2022 in front of Chernomorets and in 2022-2023 offshore Kraymorie, when stor...

Flood occurrences outline the Bulgarian Skat river catchment as especially floods risk vulnerable territory. The floods observed there cause serious damages. This indicates that additional preventive and mitigation measures are needed. Part of the measures proposed in the connected to the area Flood Risk Management Plan (FRMP) 2022-2027 envisage changes in the rules for the operation of existing dams. In help of this activity in this material are presented the results of a study aiming determination of the potenti...

The Shu-Ile tectonic zone is located along the Jalaiyr-Naiman deep fault (geosuture). It stretches in a northwestern direction, passing in the northern part of the territory into a submeridional direction. It stretches in a narrow strip of about 600 km and is a section of the second ring structure of Kazakhstan. Deposits and occurrences of iron, chromium and non-ferrous metals, gold and rare metals are associated with this geosuture zone. In general, the tectonic structure of the area is quite complex due to the d...

The implementation of the necessary studies to assess the potential for local socioeconomic development must be directly linked to the realization of the valorization of the landscape. On the one hand, by applying the valorization of the landscape, the potential opportunities for increasing the labor potential of the region can be discovered, and on the other hand, this process can lead to a decrease in the income of the local population, attracting a new economically active population. Stimulating the management ...

Business in the bioeconomy plays an important role in regional growth and balanced development of the country. Therefore, it is important that local governments stimulate business development. The Latvian Bioeconomy Strategy 2030 was approved in 2017 with the aim of rapidly developing bioeconomy industries based on efficient use of natural resources. Therefore, the aim of the present research is to examine one of the sections of the strategy - -Result-oriented motivation system for local governments- for the imple...

The problem of the ecological system long-term keeping near the equilibrium position with minimization of control resources is considered. A mathematical formulation of this problem and a method for optimal expenditure control constructing are presented. While deviations from the equilibrium point are very small, its controlled dynamics can be described by linear differential equations with constant coefficients. The control actions are modeled by piecewise-constant unidirectional functions with a finite number of...

The article is devoted to the study of optimization measures to improve the rational use of the surface tier of anthropogenic landscapes in the Kryvyi Rih landscape and technical system. The surface tier of anthropogenic landscapes is analyzed and defined on the example of mining and settlement landscapes. The problems associated with the active development of the mining industry and the causing such factors as poor soil quality, derivative processes and phenomena, pollution and uncontrolled use of resources are i...

A chemical sensor of refractive index variations, which possesses prescribed resolution, is designed, implemented and tested. Enhancement of coupling forces by the Bloch surface waves is achieved by incorporating a one-dimensional (1-D) photonic crystal (PC) into the classical Kretschmann arrangement of surface plasmon resonance. The numerical optimization approach was used to establish geometrical parameters of the photonic crystal with prescribed material constituents. The number of layers, their thicknesses, an...

Induction and synchronization of estrus during non-breeding season is the most frequently used biotechnological method of assisted reproduction in sheep. Synchronization of estrus in sheep is a very important breeding technique as it can effectively improve the reproductive performance of sheep, minimize the effects of seasonal factors on sheep reproduction, extend the breeding season of sheep, shorten the estrus interval, increase the gestation rate, increase the birth rate, it can also lead to the shortening of ...

The implementation of Building Information Modelling (BIM) in the construction industry faces various challenges, including the lack of understanding of its broader context. The term BIM is often misinterpreted, with some individuals seeing it only as a 3D modelling tool and not its management aspect, which involves the creation of a BIM database for the entire life cycle of the project. The lack of comprehension of BIM's broader concept limits its potential benefits and hinders its integration. Therefore, there i...

Abandoned and polluted land that appears during deindustrialization and urbanization is generally understood as a degraded area. During deindustrialization, the migration of industrial sectors leaves potentially polluted, unused land in the hands of local governments, so the transition to new economic models creates the right of people to move from urban centers to the outskirts of cities for a better quality of life, resulting in many properties in urban centers becoming dilapidated and abandoned. The existence o...

The indicator of the quality of edible oils is its oxidative stability. The oxidative reactions can be influenced by several factors (light, heat, oxygen reaction with unsaturated lipids) and by chemical and enzymatic mechanisms (autoxidation, photooxidation and lipoxygenases). These factors can accelerate lipid oxidation, decrease oxidative stability and cause significant modification on sensory properties, what lead to nutritional depreciation of edible oil and decrease in the shelf life. The aims of this study ...

The effects of climate change are already visible through rising air temperatures, melting glaciers and shrinking polar ice caps, rising sea levels, increasing desertification, as well as more frequent extreme weather events such as heat waves, droughts, floods and storms. Climate change is not uniform globally and affects some regions more than others. Climate changes directly affect Romania and lead to intense heat waves or extreme weather phenomena (floods due to heavy rains, wind intensifications). In terms of...

In the Central Iberian Zone, multiple subvolcanic intrusions were emplaced during the final stages of the Variscan orogeny. The felsic component of this magmatic episode is mainly represented by dykes and masses of granite porphyries and microgranites, which can be commonly found in northern Portugal. Overall, these rocks are more evolved and enriched in rare incompatible metal elements (such as Li, Be, Rb, Cs, Nb, Ta, Sn, and W) when compared to the regional Variscan granites. The data acquired from the lithogeoc...

The first attempts to explain the phenomena of soil formation and evolution were based on one or more pedogenetic factors, which results in the fact that there are a wide range of concepts and formulations in this regard. It is also specified that in the formation of the soil cover, in addition to pedogenetic processes, some geological processes also take place, which interfere with the formation of the soil cover and which are considered pedogeological processes. A thorough analysis of the specific and combined a...