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Global climate change and the need to transition to clean energy sources have brought green hydrogen to the forefront of regional and international energy strategies. Green hydrogen offers a low-carbon solution that can support decarbonization in the heavy industries, transportation, and industry sectors, and renewable energy sources can be integrated into its production. The Danube River is one of the primary hydrological axes in Central and Southeastern Europe, playing a strategic role in the region's energy and...

One of the most significant inland waterway corridors on the continent, the Danube River, spans 2,850 kilometers across ten European nations, serving as a vital link between Western and Eastern Europe. Its ports serve as key hubs for the movement of goods, energy resources, and passengers, linking inland navigation with rail, road, and maritime transport routes. This paper provides a comprehensive and detailed assessment of the entire Danube port network, combining geographical, economic, and operational perspecti...

The Danube has been a traditional trade route in Europe since ancient times. Transport on the Danube has many economic and environmental advantages. By using the river as a transport route, logistics costs can be reduced, and delivery times optimized. Another feature of the Danube is its connection to the North Sea and maritime transport via the Rhine-Main-Danube Canal. In addition, waterborne transport produces less carbon dioxide than road or rail transport, helping to reduce environmental impact and promote sus...

The Danube-Black Sea Channel, inaugurated in 1984, although it has a dark history, is also of significant importance at European level, being the third longest navigable channel in the world, after the Suez Channel and the Panama Channel and connects the North Sea to the Black Sea through the Rhine-Main-Danube Channel, shortening the route of goods transport from Australia to Central Europe by 400 kilometers. The channel has a total length of 95.6 km and consists of two branches, a main one having 64.4 km long and...

Danube is part of the Rhine / Meuse - Main - Danube priority axis, being the second longest river in Europe. Danube is an important international river route, flowing through 10 countries: Germany, Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, Croatia, Serbia, Romania, Bulgaria, Moldova and Ukraine. Most of the Danube, 28.9%, stretches over the territory of Romania. In the rest of the countries where the Danube arrives, they have much lower percentages. It collects most of the Romanian rivers, except some from Dobrogea, that are ca...