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The article examines current trends in the development of land legislation in Ukraine under the conditions of climate change, the legal regime of martial law, and the challenges of post-war recovery. It is substantiated that the traditional model of land law regulation, primarily focused on the economic function of land as a means of production, is no longer sufficient in the context of increasing climate risks, soil degradation, disruption of ecosystem balance, and the large-scale impact of war on the land fund. ...

Natural gas leaks in residential buildings represent a major risk of explosion and fire, endangering lives and property. Current detection systems, predominantly individual and non-centralized, exhibit significant limitations regarding response time, precise leak localization, and effective notification of authorities. This paper proposes the architecture of a centralized system, based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology, for the real-time monitoring of methane (CH4) emissions in medium-sized multi-family resid...

The study analyses the application of digital twins as an integrated set of technologies and methods in the planning and management of various infrastructure development models. Digital twins allow for real-time modelling of physical objects and processes, improving decision-making, forecasting, and resource utilization efficiency. These solutions allow for the simulation of various development scenarios, optimization of resource utilization, and improvement of decision-making in infrastructure planning and manage...

Potentially explosive atmospheres constitute a major risk in the operation of industrial installations that use or generate gases, flammable vapours or combustible dust. According to ATEX legislation, explosions can occur as a result of the interaction between an explosive atmosphere and an active ignition source. Even under the conditions of using ATEX-certified equipment, the progressive degradation of the components can lead to the appearance of uncontrolled ignition sources. This paper analyzes from a technica...

This research presents a comprehensive assessment of surface deformation at the Paute Integral Hydroelectric Complex, one of Ecuador's most critical energy infrastructures. Given the complex Andean topography and the strategic importance of this asset, monitoring ground stability is essential for operational safety and structural integrity. This study utilized Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) techniques, employing a decadal Sentinel-1 dataset from 2014 to 2024. The methodology integra...

The transition toward sustainable development and climate neutrality has intensified the implementation of environmental policies across the European Union (EU), including carbon taxation, emissions trading systems, renewable energy subsidies, green taxation, and regulatory measures aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions. While these policies are essential for achieving environmental sustainability and the objectives of the European Green Deal, growing concerns have emerged regarding their potential social con...

The processing chain in open-pit mines is a complex and quite often a challenging procedure. With a multistage process to obtain a finished product which can be used later in aggregates or construction industry there also a need to create a compounded processing plant with heavy duty machinery and with a labyrinth of locations. That can be confusing and frustrating at first for new employees or for trainees. Moreover addressing the statistics the mining industry in Poland has one of the highest accident rates amon...

The introduction of the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) and the European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS) represents a major transformation in sustainability reporting in the European Union. A key innovation of the ESRS framework is the concept of double materiality, which requires companies to disclose both the financial implications of sustainability issues and their impacts on society and the environment. This study investigates how European companies operationalize double materiali...

The Holocene evolution of the Black Sea remains one of the most debated topics in Quaternary geology, primarily due to the dramatic transition from a semi-isolated lake to a marine basin. The South Bulgarian coast, extending from the Balkan Mountains to the Rezovo River, represents a complex geomorphological system shaped by post-glacial sea-level rise, tectonic fluctuations, and anthropogenic pressures. This paper synthesizes current stratigraphical and archaeological data to reconstruct the Holocene evolution of...

The dynamic thermal behaviour of Trombe wall systems ultimately determines whether they contribute meaningfully to indoor comfort, yet this dimension of performance is frequently treated as secondary to seasonal energy balances or efficiency ratios. In real buildings, however, comfort depends not only on the amount of heat captured, but also on the timing of heat delivery, which becomes particularly relevant under the diurnal solar cycles characteristic of passive systems. The present study examines the time-domai...

This article identified the issue of electronic waste (e-waste) management in Kochi, India, amongst the country's rapid technological growth and escalating electronic consumption. It highlights the severe environmental and health risks of improper e-waste disposal, particularly in the informal recycling sector, which dominates India's recycling landscape. The article emphasises the need for a transformative shift from the existing cradle-to-grave (C2G) system to a Cradle-to-Cradle (C2C) model for circular e-waste ...

Urban areas built above salt deposits are especially vulnerable to ground instability caused by dissolution, suffosion, and human activities. Monitoring these environments is difficult due to the complex subsurface structures and dense infrastructure constraints. Understanding the dynamics of these processes requires combining multiple investigation and monitoring methods to capture both underground conditions and surface movements. This paper shares initial findings from an ongoing multi-method monitoring project...

Methane emissions are a significant component of the global greenhouse gas balance, and reducing them is one of the key elements of strategies to combat climate change. A challenge facing Polish hard coal mines is controlling the level of emissions of this greenhouse gas. This problem is described in numerous scientific publications. This article presents the application of linear programming methods as a tool to support the management of methane emissions from hard coal mines. The aim was to develop an optimisati...

One of the primary elements to achieving targets set out by the European Green Deal in Latvia is mitigation of climate change in livestock production, where dairy farming is one of the leading sources of agricultural greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The aim of this study is to evaluate the economic and environmental impacts of five types of feed additives in Latvian dairy farming, with aim to reduce emissions. The research analyses milk production statistics, evaluates it together with scientific emission factors a...

The aim of the study is to assess economic damage from real losses of the working-age population of the constituent entities of the Siberian Federal District caused by the negative impact of climate change, air pollution, man-made emergencies and transport accidents. The economic damage assessment from premature deaths of the working-age population of the Siberian Federal District was conducted based on data from the territorial offices of Rosstat, the Ministry of Emergency Situations, and medical analytical cente...

The global transition toward renewable energy has become one of the most significant economic and environmental transformations of the twenty-first century. Driven by climate change mitigation goals, energy security concerns, technological innovation, and international sustainability commitments, emerging economies are increasingly investing in renewable energy systems such as solar, wind, hydropower, biomass, and geothermal energy. However, the economic implications of this transition are complex, involving struc...

Bacterial infections are among the most common infectious diseases. Antibiotics have been a crucial approach in preventing and treating human bacterial infections for the past century. These powerful medications effectively combat specific diseases and potentially save lives. Antibiotics destroy bacteria or inhibit their reproduction and spread. After the breakthrough discovery of penicillin, a wide array of antibiotics has been subsequently uncovered. Although antibiotics remain the primary treatment, many bacter...

Portland cement–based materials represent the most widely used construction materials worldwide. However, their production and application are associated with significant environmental burdens, including high CO2 emissions and the depletion of natural aggregate resources. In response to the growing demand for environmentally responsible construction solutions, this study focuses on the development of building materials based on an alternative binder. Magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC) is considered a more sustai...

The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of wheat sourdough product (powder form) on wheat flour dough rheological properties. Wheat sourdough (SD) was obtained from fermented wheat flour which allows bakers to obtain a healthier, nutritious, tastier and better flavor bread without high fermentation phases. The impact of SD (1-4%) on dough rheological properties have been analyzed using Mixolab according to the standard method ICC No. 173 and HAAKE MARS 40 rheometer (Termo-HAAKE, Karlsruhe, Germany) for osc...

Percussive-rotary drilling remains the preferred method for penetrating hard abrasive rocks (UCS > 150–350 MPa) in mining, exploration, and geotechnical applications. Tungsten carbide (WC-Co) inserts, with their exceptional hardness and abrasion resistance, serve as the primary cutting elements, enabling efficient rock fracturing through combined impact and shear. This study examines tool performance, wear mechanisms (abrasive grooving, fatigue spalling, binder erosion), and optimization strategies including car...

Nowadays the communication is made mainly through electronic devices. These devices produce electromagnetic radiation that influences the quality of the sent signal. Also, health problems are generated due to the time spent in an electromagnetic medium that emits radiations. This paper presents some of latest screen developments regarding electromagnetic screens, advancements in shielding materials.

Ongoing miniaturisation of scientific instrumentation, combined with the development of autonomous research platforms, increasingly favours small, remotely operated vehicles capable of carrying out extensive geophysical surveys with minimal logistical overhead. This work presents the concept and prototype of Energetic Horizon, a mobile field module dedicated to preliminary geological reconnaissance and to assessing the resource potential of a surveyed area. The proposed solution integrates two complementary measur...

This paper presents an energy balance study of a non ventilated, room integrated Trombe wall type system in a residential room in Varna, Bulgaria. The system uses a matte coated aluminium absorber plate, 2.0 m by 1.0 m by 0.01 m, placed about 30 cm behind exterior glazing. It works without fans, ducts, or a separate air supply path. Heat is transferred to the room by solar absorption, long wave radiation, natural convection caused by buoyancy, and conduction through the aluminium plate. The study uses measured dat...

Making an oxygen steel factory (Basic Oxygen Furnace - BOF) more efficient focuses on maximizing energy recovery, optimizing the oxygen blow process, reducing fossil fuel reliance, and enhancing material recycling. Modern advancements allow for significant reductions in carbon footprint and operational costs. The BOF is highly energy-efficient in terms of process heat, consuming only about 1.2 GJ per tonne of crude steel, as it relies on the exothermic oxidation of impurities in hot metal. While the overall BF-BOF...

This paper proposes an engineering framework for the integration of wind energy conversion systems on maritime vessels, with application to navigation conditions specific to the maritime sector of Danube. The study addresses the growing need for practical decarbonization solutions by exploring the technical and operational requirements for implementing small-scale wind energy technologies onboard. The framework combines system design criteria, installation constraints, and performance assessment methodologies to s...

Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) represent one of the most promising high-enthalpy renewable energy technologies for regions lacking natural hydrothermal reservoirs. Poland, positioned on favorable geological structures including the Variscan basement, sedimentary basins, and several high-heat-flow provinces, has emerged as a candidate for EGS deployment. Recent numerical modeling, petrophysical research, and CO2-EGS feasibility studies in Poland indicate strong potential for both heat and electricity generation ...

Thermoelectricity is a green, renewable energy technology that uses the Seebeck effect to convert waste heat directly into electricity. Cobaltites have great potential for use in thermoelectric generators due to their environmental friendliness, good thermal and chemical stability, and relatively low raw-material costs. Improving the thermoelectric performance of cobaltites using suitable dopants could expand their application potential. This study investigated the effect of bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) and bismuth borat...

Since the beginning of the 21st century, the development of the concept of the circular economy and its integration into regional sustainable development have highlighted the necessity of incorporating the principles of the circular economy into policy frameworks. This integration primarily emphasizes circular supply chains and examines the influence of existing legislative frameworks on the application of innovations within the realm of sustainable development. The objective of this study is to review the mechani...

This study addresses the physical security vulnerabilities of high-risk industrial facilities in the Czech Republic, focusing on the intersection between the Seveso-III Directive and the regulation of private security services (SBS). The objective of the paper is to answer the main research question: What legislative and organizational instruments can optimally integrate the future national Private Security Act with existing environmental protection frameworks to protect industrial facilities against physical sabo...

There are over 730 level crossings in the Bulgarian railway network. At these points, due to the intersection of rail and non-rail transport, there are prerequisites for accidents, which sometimes end fatally. The problem is exacerbated when the railway line is under repair, but train traffic is not stopped. This paper examines the measures that must be taken to ensure traffic safety during repairs. Two level crossings in operation on the Sofia – Dragoman line were examined. A critical analysis of the actual con...

In real navigation, a ship is subjected to the influence of wind, which for ships with a large windage area results in impaired maneuverability, especially in presence of strong and sudden gusts. In such conditions, environmentally critical situation may arise, such as a ship’s inability to perform an adequate maneuver when entering a restricted area, posing a risk of collision with another object or grounding in shallow water. This requires the study of the parameters of non-stationary wind impact using indicat...

In recent years, with the interest in healthy diet and environmental protection, plant-based alternatives, to classic milk, have been developed and produced. In addition to the already well-known products, such as almond or soy milk, amaranth milk is also becoming increasingly known. Amaranth milk is considered a possible alternative with both nutritional and ecological benefits. As a result of environmental problems and people's needs, this paper aims to compare these types of plant-based beverages, in terms of c...

Accurate estimation of vegetation biomass, particularly aboveground biomass (AGB), is critical for understanding carbon cycling, climate change mitigation, and ecosystem dynamics. Forests alone store a large proportion of terrestrial carbon, making biomass estimation central to initiatives such as REDD+ and global carbon accounting. Traditional field-based (destructive) methods, while accurate, are labor-intensive, costly, and impractical at large spatial scales. Remote sensing technologies have emerged as essenti...

Blasting operations are an essential part of underground mining activities, but the seismic waves generated during detonation may adversely affect the stability of underground mining structures such as galleries, chambers, intersections, and support systems. Repeated blasting can lead to cumulative damage, increasing the risk of degradation of both the rock mass and the installed support. This paper presents considerations regarding the assessment of the seismic effects of blasting operations on underground mining...

Reliable stage-discharge rating curves are essential for flood forecasting and warning systems because they convert observed water levels into discharge estimates used for forecasting, warning thresholds, and operational decision-making [1]. This study evaluates the consistency of the stage-discharge rating curves and surveyed river cross-sections currently used in the Maritsa River flood warning system and develops recommendations for their revision. Four representative hydrometric stations along the Maritsa Rive...

The study is devoted to evaluating the application of remote sensing data (satellite images, orthophotos, etc.) in spatial development planning. The amount of data available today provides extensive opportunities for territory analysis, but in practice their use is often limited. The work analyses how such data can improve land use monitoring, understanding of urbanization processes and decision-making at various planning levels. The main problems are related to the different quality of data, spatial and temporal ...

Allium ursinum is a medicinal plant from the Alliaceae family is also used in gastronomy as a spice or the leaves can be eaten as such, in salads. For its possible use, our study aimed to determine whether, in various concentrations and at different action times, the extract of Allium ursinum has a cytotoxic effect by the standard Allium test. Concentrations of 25%, 50% and 100% of the extract obtained were tested for action times of 6 and 24 hours. For the extract, we used leaves harvested in April and subsequent...

The aim of the article is to present selected experience with updating the digital technical map (DTM) dataset in the Czech Republic after 2 years of its widespread introduction into operation. The subject of the analyses was the methods of initial filling of the basic spatial situation (ZPS) data with new mapping of land roads and defined territories of technical infrastructure administrators. When updating the ZPS, accuracy problems of vectorization from LIDAR mobile mapping data and problems of the results of p...

Lime mortars are widely used in the construction, repair, and conservation of historic masonry due to their compatibility with traditional materials and their flexible, porous structure. However, their relatively low mechanical strength compared to modern cement-based materials has led to efforts to enhance their performance, for example through fibre reinforcement. This study examines the effect of two types of natural fibres (bovine and goat) on the physical, mechanical, hygric, and thermal properties of lime–...

Nowadays, the use of eco-friendly additives in drilling fluids to improve the rheological properties is widespread. This work aims to study the evaluation of rheological properties of drilling fluid suspensions contained Algerian Na-Bentonite and potato starch PS as viscosifier with different concentrations (0.6%, 1.2% and 2%) depending on the aging time. After the trials of aging, the possibility to ameliorate rheological properties of drilling fluid suspensions using an eco-friendly environment additive which is...

This study investigates experimentally the influence of dust thermal conductivity on the maximum surface temperature of Ex equipment operating under dust layer conditions at a fixed dissipated power of 3 W. Experiments were conducted using a purpose-built resistive test sample, designed and manufactured at INCD INSEMEX, tested with two dust materials representing boundary conditions of thermal behaviour: vermiculite, selected as a worst-case insulating material, and Portland cement dust, selected for its industria...

As is well known, hydrogen exhibits a wide flammability range, low ignition energy, and high diffusivity, which create significant explosion risks in storage and handling facilities. Therefore, the development of effective methods and devices for the detection and control of hydrogen explosions is essential to ensure operational safety. This paper presents the development and experimental validation of an explosion control device intended for hydrogen storage systems. The proposed device is based on an optical ult...

The extractive industry is currently undergoing a transition toward operating models with reduced environmental impact and enhanced energy efficiency. This study aims to evaluate, through empirical data, the efficiency of an excavator equipped with a hybrid swing system compared to a conventional diesel-powered unit of the same class and performance level. The methodology involved a systematic monitoring period of 65 working days. To ensure a rigorous comparison, two crawler excavators in the 36-tonne class were d...

Spatial data infrastructure is an essential tool for the management, planning, and analysis of sustainable development. The Latvian ecosystem, which consists of numerous decentralized resources, has successfully established a foundation by fulfilling the requirements of the European Union's INSPIRE and Open Data directives. The transition from a culture of viewing 'paper maps' to the automated machine processing of standardized, vectorized, and semantically rich data represents the primary benefit. To evaluate and...

Drilling muds commonly use organic polymers as viscosifiers or mud filtrate reducers. While these polymers are effective, they are also costly, contributing to higher operational expenses in oil well drilling. They play a crucial role in the success of drilling operations and help enhance various properties, particularly rheological characteristics. Due to environmental concerns, these polymers have become essential in water-based drilling fluids, serving as alternatives to oil-based muds. The present study aims t...

In an effort to develop binders with a reduced environmental impact, magnesium silicate hydrate (MSH) cement has recently attracted considerable attention. This binder belongs to the family of magnesium-based cements; however, unlike magnesium sulphate and magnesium oxychloride cements, it is classified as a hydraulic cement. It forms through the reaction of reactive magnesium oxide with silica sources in the presence of water, producing magnesium silicate hydrate (MSH) gel. Caustic-calcined magnesite, typically p...

Magnesium silicate hydrate (M-S-H) is a promising binder phase for the development of low carbon cementitious materials. However, its formation mechanisms, phase evolution, and dependence on curing conditions remain poorly understood, particularly during the early and intermediate stages of hydration. This study investigates the formation and development of M S-H in model systems using reactive MgO and diatomite as the silica source, focusing on Mg/Si molar ratios of 0.75, 0.90, 1.05, and 1.20 under controlled cur...

The article is devoted to the theoretical and methodological substantiation of the ecologically competent formative model of future teachers in the professional training system. The purpose of the research is the theoretical substantiation and development of the ecologically competent formative model of future teachers. To achieve the goal, the following tasks were defined: to analyze modern scientific approaches, clarify the essence and ecologically competency structure, substantiate the methodological principles...

Modern requirements for limiting the frequency of overflows in water bodies increasingly require an emphasis on increased control over sewer overflows and their operation. The requirements in the new Directive (EU) 2024/3019 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 November 2024 on urban wastewater treatment. One of the main requirements is to limit pollution from wastewater overflow during rainfall. This overflow should not be more than 2% of the annual load of individual parameters, accounting for bio...

This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of contemporary traffic survey approaches, focusing on advanced data acquisition platforms and AI-based video analytics. The study highlights a significant transformation in traffic engineering, where traditional data collection methods are being complemented by modern solutions to provide detailed behavioral and safety-related insights. Central to this shift is the use of surrogate safety measures (SSMs) based on traffic conflicts and near-miss events, such as T...