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In recent years the interest in supercritical fluids is growing. The transition of water into the supercritical state occurs in a closed volume when it reaches the temperature of 374В°C and the pressure of 21.8 MPa. At that, the boundary between liquid and vapor disappear a new state of water has a low viscosity and a high diffusion capacity. To analyze the bituminous oil in supercritical water with ultra-dispersed magnetite particles andcaustobiolith. Experiments conducted in a closed reactor under conditions tha...

Pressurized combustion is a technology that significantly reduces emission of gaseous pollutants. This work presents the results of pressurized combustion of Ziemowit hard coal at air- and oxy-combustion regime. Impact of pressure on SO2 conversion is analysed and discussed. Experiments were carried out using auto-thermal, laboratory-scale (fuel input of up to 0.8 kg/h) bubbling fluidized-bed (BFB) combustor under pressurized conditions (0; 1.5; 3.5 and 5 bar) and while flue gas composition was continuously analys...

The global influence of environmental problems has led to an increasing role of international environmental non-governmental organizations, which has become active actors on the global arena. Climate change as the serious challenge led to consolidation of efforts of states and non-governmental organizations. ?Green diplomacy? or ?environmental diplomacy? has become a part of international relations. At the first stage of our study the characteristics of the leading international environmental organizations were co...

Polish sedimentary copper ore located in Lower Silesia (SW Poland) consists of three lithological fractions: sandstone, dolomitic and shale. The main copper-bearing minerals are chalcocite, bornite and chalcopyrite. The main carrier of organic carbon is shale ore. This part of ore is the main reason for technological problems in a metallurgical process. However, shale ore is the part of copper ore which is the richest in copper and other accompanying metals such as silver, lead, zinc, nickel, cobalt and other. The...

The uncertainty of methods for determining the heavy metal compounds, as well as problems in the comparison of the methods used, require further studies in this field. The aim of research is to study the fractional composition of Cu and Zn compounds in soil under model contamination conditions using different fractional methods. Chernozem Haplic was artificially contaminated with Cu and Zn acetates at rate of 300 mg kg ?1. Distribution of Cu forms in soil at the use of sequential fractionation by the Miller method...

New hybrid materials based on copper nanoparticles stabilized in an ultimately biocompatible chitosan matrix were prepared via metal vapor synthesis. Transmission electron microscopy shows that the particles have predominantly spherical form, polydisperse character, the mean diameter about 2-4 nm and a rather uniform distribution in the chitosan matrice. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of Cu-carrying chitosan powder obtained by impregnation of chitosan powder with Cu-acetone organosol indicated two oxidized coppe...

The use of corrosion inhibitors in the paint materials is an important task, since inhibitors often cannot be included individually in the paint formulation directly. In this case, corrosion inhibitor having a high affinity to the surface of a substrate and a plasticizing effect in relation to the film-forming base of the formed coating can have a negative impact on its adhesion and physical and mechanical properties. One of the ways to eliminate this disadvantage is the use of immobilized inhibitors, in particula...

It is a certainty that a rock massif is a very complex environment, known only partially; in the laboratory we cannot produce all the details encountered in situ; therefore, most of the properties determined experimentally not fully express their real value that they have in rock massif. As theoretical basis we might consider theory of similitude initiated by Newton, in the sense of similarity that we can establish to the boundary between theory and experiment. Based on this and considering the applicable theorems...

This paper aims to highlight the superior agrobiologic potential and technologically of 21 hybrid elites, obtained by the hybridization of the varieties Muscat Iantarn?i x Canner (codified HI), Victoria x Black Pearl (codified BP) and Victoria x Victoria (codified A) and compared with the genitors. Since the hybrid elites selected from the experimental fields, have been highlighted by several descriptors, have been established correlations between all studied agro biological and technological elements: viability o...

This paper aims to highlight the superior agrobiologic potential and technologically of 21 hybrid elites, obtained by the hybridization of the varieties Muscat Iantarn?i x Canner (codified HI), Victoria x Black Pearl (codified BP) and Victoria x Victoria (codified A) and compared with the genitors. Since the hybrid elites selected from the experimental fields, have been highlighted by several descriptors, have been established correlations between all studied agro biological and technological elements: viability o...

This paper is an analysis of 521 students who were successful applicants for the dual/cooperative study program Production Technology and Organisation (PTO) at the University of Applied Sciences FH Joanneum in Graz/Austria. Due to the Bologna Process, the program had to change its organisational structure from an 8-semester diploma program to 6-semester Bachelor + 4-semester Master program. There were 289 successful applicants for the diploma program and until write the year here 232 for the PTO bachelor. FH Joann...

In this article was designated a relation of average values of measured curvatures of mining terrain with their forecasted values. These values were calculated by the use of the Bialek?s formula with the values of its parameters determined from the geodesic measurements results. The average graphs of measured curvatures were obtained on the base of average values of terrain subsidence caused by multi-seams exploitation of hard coal at the great depth. An exploitation was conducted by the use of longwall system, in...

In a practical context and with a tendency to generalize the dependence between monoaxial and triaxial compressive strength of rocks and qualitative characteristics and also properties of connection between the elements that form the skeleton of studied rocks were analyzed. This qualitative connection was highlighted by means of void index and apparent specific weight. The obtained correlation can be generalized to any type of rock, if it takes into account the amount of adsorbed and absorbed water, the direction ...

Currently, construction industry puts greater emphasis on sustainability. Exploitation of clear materials, methods and pressure on zero waste policy represent priority in architecture and civil engineering. The new directives and laws in individual European countries help to implement these environmental aspects throughout the whole life cycle of construction projects. Cost issue represents one of barrier and common problem to implement these aspects into the construction process. This is not just about perceiving...

The growing global population, along with economic considerations, has put the food industry under an increasingly pressing demand for innovative approaches, materials and sources. As a result, the industry has to look into the sources that has been disregarded earlier. In this study, we focused on developing a technological process, which aims to ensure the processing of Baltic sprat (Sprattus sprattus) and Baltic herring (Clupea harengus membras) with minimal losses of valuable raw materials. In this investigati...

The growing global population, along with economic considerations, has put the food industry under an increasingly pressing demand for innovative approaches, materials and sources. As a result, the industry has to look into the sources that has been disregarded earlier. In this study, we focused on developing a technological process, which aims to ensure the processing of Baltic sprat (Sprattus sprattus) and Baltic herring (Clupea harengus membras) with minimal losses of valuable raw materials. In this investigati...

The volume of generated municipal waste increases proportionally with the rise in population and higher personal consumption by individuals. Municipal waste management requires considerable financial resources and, because all of us generate waste, we all have to contribute our share. In the Slovak Republic, the fees for municipal waste are laid down by Act No. 582/2004 Coll. on local taxes and local fees for municipal waste and minor construction waste. Pursuant to this Act, municipalities issue their generally b...

Electricity in Romania is based on obtaining it in thermoelectric power plants. On the territory of Romania there are thermoelectric power plants operating with different types of fuels (gaseous, liquid and solid). At present, the largest amount of electricity is obtained from solid-fuel in thermal power plants. Thermoelectric power plants are considered to be an important source of environmental pollution. These have negative effects on all environmental components. The technological processes from the combustion...

The talk will be focused on the subject matter of possible creation of a database for determining market value of land using price comparison. The authors will focus upon selected questions regarding determining market value of land. They will define basic properties of land pieces, which are essential for the right choice of another comparable piece of land for valuation. The properties that are essential for selecting the method of valuation of market value of land are not only the kind of land stated in the lan...

This research paper seeks to study the phreatic groundwater body from the Buz?u river alluvial fan. This goal is reached by creating a numerical model associated to a previously created conceptual model. The conceptual model was realized in three stages. Initially, a spatial schematization of the hydrostructure was created using the lithology collected while executing the hydrogeological boreholes. The second step consisted in studying the variation of the hydrogeological parameters in the hydrostructure. The para...

The importance of mineralogical research in microscale increases with the need of advanced characterization and detailed quantitative analysis of ores and upgrading products. Automated mineralogy technique connected with advanced scanning electron microscopy like QEMSCANВ® or MLA give a possibility to obtain comprehensive information about mineral and elemental composition, particle size distribution, liberation and associations between grains and other quantitative and qualitative data for raw materials and produ...

This paper pursue ways of effective utilization of surveyor mining documentation fundaments in practical application of mining design and additional following professions. Special emphasis is put on utilization of historical documentation fundaments, nowadays stored in archives. Principal part of paper is dedicated to reverse construction of Pokrok fill solid foundation from analog and digital documentation and 3D interpretation of the results. 3D model of material distribution in the dump body is final result of ...

The sequence of images received when studying a nanoobject (the induced cluster-type nanostructures) at different scales is offered to consider as result of mutual influence of factors of heredity and variability of signs on some of his initial characteristics. Features of heredity and variability of signs gives the chance of creation of hierarchical structures of formal descriptions are described, i.e. models of the nanoimages based on groups of the signs relating to various morphological and large-scale levels o...

In 2014-2018, scientists of Riga Technical University (RTU) have updated the hydrogeological model (HM) of Latvia. Its current version LAMO4 simulates the steady state average groundwater regimes. The commercial program ?Groundwater Vistas 6? (GV) is used for running LAMO4. Unfortunately, the GV graphical programs cannot provide correct profiles on hydrogeological data that are obtained by HM. In 2014, the first RTU results were reported on creating profiles for groundwater heads and infiltration. Since 2014, the ...

In this article, the stages of creating three-dimensional geomechanical models in the development of deposits by open method are considered in detail, based on the results of calculating the safety factor of the open pit sides. The geomechanical model consists of four main components - geological, structural, hydrogeological models and rock mass model. The models are based on the geological, hydrogeological, geotechnical data of the field. Such geomechanical models allow to optimize the work of the whole enterpris...

The growing tasks of architectural and construction activity differentiation in the Russian Federation and the world require improvement of architectural education based on the change of training technology. Creative competitions held at the Institute of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Transport of Tambov State Technical University show the relationship of the educational process of training architects (bachelors and masters), regional administration experts, students, stakeholders and the public. Examples of ...

Due to the relatively different conditions of small and large water supply companies functioning, there are significant differences in the reaction, progress and consequences of the crisis situations. The specificity of small company requires an individual approach in the area of crisis management, for instance due to limited financial and technical resources. Admittedly, small water companies are particularly exposed to the negative consequences of a possible crisis, but from a large part they show greater flexib...

Hyperspectral images and field spectroradiometer with high spectral resolution can improve substantially crop mapping by reducing similarities between different crop types which has similar ecological conditions. This is done by recording fine details of the crop interaction with sunlight. This paper deploys crop spectral signatures database interactive tool for the major crops in the Eastern Mediterranean Basin. The collection of spectral signatures of crops is performed during the growth stage of the crops. The ...

Wetland habitats, such as transition mires and quaking bogs (habitat code 7140) and alkaline fens (habitat code 7230), are characterized by the occurrence of species sensitive to the water stress. The prolonged period of water shortage is manifested by a change in the structure of domination, species composition and, as a consequence, the reconstruction of the entire habitat. Due to the fact, that habitat is not homogeneous and varied very much depends on geomorphological position a monitoring of the water stress ...

The management of the ?umava (Bohemian Forest) and Bavarian Forest National Parks have long been working in the field of natural science research. However, visitor monitoring in these protected areas has been given little attention so far. Successful management of national parks must combine the requirements of nature protection with public use. The aim of the paper is to suggest using cross-border socio-economic monitoring variables to increase the satisfaction of visitors to the national parks without jeopardisi...

The most important products of the seismological network are complete and reliable earthquake catalogs. Detecting earthquakes over an extended scale, from smallest magnitudes to large events is a critical issue in many studies, such as earthquake statistics, source seismology and seismic hazard. During the last years, the seismic network of Romanian has developed by increasing the number of stations and station coverage. Despite the significant improvement, the coverage is still not uniform all over the Romanian t...

Cuban architecture reflects the cultural diversity of the island. When sightseeing around Havana and observing the varied architecture and the heterogeneous urban structure of the city, we can get the impression that we become witnesses to the tumultuous history of the country. The oldest buildings in Old Havana are from colonial times. In this part of the city we can see the influence of Spanish conquest. It was in sixteenth-century Old Havana that a house model was developed, that featured formal and functional ...

Biomass, a major renewable energy source, can be converted to biofuel. The Region of Warmia and Mazury in north-eastern Poland, which features extensive woodlands and farmlands, is a leader in biomass production and biomass use for energy generation. The Warmia and Mazury Energy Agency has developed, in collaboration with the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, a biomass energy strategy for 2010-2020. The strategy is consistent with the Polish Energy Policy and the national plan for the use of renewable en...

On August 2016 in the Kazanka River (the tributary of the Volga River) was the mass mortality of fish (gibel carp Carassius gibelio) and waterfowl (mallard Anas platyrhynchos). Investigation of the causes of mortality showed that during this period the mass development of phytoplankton was reported (number 43.9-83.1 million cells/L and biomass in the interval 2.20-8.12 mg/L). Biomass of the group of blue-green algae was 0.76-3.25 mg/L. Planktolyngbya limnetica (Lemm) Kom.-Legn. et Cronb (94.6 % of the number) and ...

Pollen germination and tube growth of fruit trees are the most important characteristics related to pollen quality. An effective fertilization requires the high rates of germination and fast tube growth. For economic reasons a higher rate of pollen germination is needed in fruit trees. The objective of this study was to investigate the cytological characteristics of pollen grains and analysis the germinative potential and the effect of the different sucrose concentrations on pollen germination and tube growth of s...

Pollen germination and tube growth of fruit trees are the most important characteristics related to pollen quality. An effective fertilization requires the high rates of germination and fast tube growth. For economic reasons a higher rate of pollen germination is needed in fruit trees. The objective of this study was to investigate the cytological characteristics of pollen grains and analysis the germinative potential and the effect of the different sucrose concentrations on pollen germination and tube growth of s...

There is a fact that where surfaces are in contact with relative movement, there is also wear, with these aspects dealing the Tribology. There are other mechanical parts destroyed during functioning by the fatigue of the materials. Usually these two phenomena are studied separately. But there are mechanical systems where these two actions are joined into a single degradation event, leading to a shorter working time for the parts. The study of the tribo-wear as a simultaneous action with the material fatigue, leads...

Getic Depression is a mature and prolific petroleum province in the Carpathian Orogen. It belongs to a large group of petroleum systems in Romania, respectively Carpathian Foredeep. Getic Depression represents the foredeep of the Cretaceous to Paleogene Southern Carpathians. During the Paleogene to Early Miocene it has been affected by transtension due to the eastward movement of the Inner Carpathians. Finally, the basin has been inverted and thrusted over Moesia during the Mid-Miocene collision of the Carpathians...

The purpose of this paper was to develop an application to help make the decision regarding the robot model that meets the required requirements. The decision, the primary component of the decision-making system, is an essential element of management, being its specific tool of expression. In fact, the qualitative level of the leadership of an organization is manifested by the elaborated and applied decisions. In practice there are two types of decisions: the leading decision and the management decision. The decis...

One of the most important problems of the modern world is the pollution of the natural environment. Human activities associated with the development of various industries have a huge impact on the surrounding environment. Unfortunately, often this impact is negative and in many cases its effects are irreversible. Human activities strongly affect the environment by polluting the atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere. Currently, the degradation of the natural environment that has been observed is due to the econom...

One of the most serious environmental problems in Poland is the pollution of the atmosphere. Due to the fact that the energy production mainly uses conventional sources of energy ? including predominantly hard coal, lignite and natural gas ? harmful products from the combustion of the raw materials get to the atmosphere. The air pollution from the combustion of hard coal is caused by many factors. They include the use of outdated furnaces, the inadequate use of furnaces and heating equipment, burning of low-qualit...

Today retargetable and cross-platform compilers are mainstream, because variety of hardware platforms is very large, and it is required to support general-purpose programming languages for these platforms. But retargetable compiler development process has very high cost. The main criterion is development time (develop, debug and maintain time, high entrance level). Some of the most popular solutions on the market of these compilers are GCC, LLVM. Each of them contains (in implementation) platform-specific code lik...

The enterprises working in shadow economy do not undertake any measures for protection of ecology, do not pay payments for use of natural resources and environmental in the budget though they do harm to a surrounding medium in the course of the economic activity. The scales of a shadow economy existing in the Russian Federation exerts the increasing impact on formation and ensuring financial stability of regional budgets. According to the experts the IMF, scales of the shadow sector of economy in the Russian Feder...

Originally, walls were of structural or defensive nature and that typology hasn?t changed for millennia. It can be traced back to the evolution of the human species and the shift from nomadic to sedentary societies. Along with technological progress, society development, urban growth and other factors, new challenges were placed on walls. Today, walls are used for protection against environmental risk rather than robberies or military troops. In the paper the basic typology of walls ? the one of territorial protec...

The paper deals with burning processes, combustible materials and materials. Each fire is accompanied by combustion processes that depend on combustion conditions, in particular the presence of flammable substances and materials, oxidant and source of initiation. Fire is burning spreading uncontrollably in time and space. Fever represents a set of exothermic physicochemical events, in which the redox reactions occurring in the release of a considerable amount of thermal and light energy, at the same time release f...

The Volga?Ural petroliferous basin is the oldest oil producing region of Russia. Therefore, most of the major oil and gas fields of traditional types here are already at the final stage of production. This provides for the increasing interest to develop unconventional resources of hydrocarbons associated with potential resources of the Upper Devonian?Lower Carboniferous (Tournaisian) Domanik-type sedimentary formations. This study focused on the geomechanical and petrophysical evaluation of the Domanik Formation a...

One of the most important questions to deal with while conducting a building development project is the selection of a variant investment solution. In a situation where we have several possibilities of performing the building processes, a choice must be made. And when there are many factors involved in a decision-making process, it is much more complicated to arrive at a decision than in a situation when an assessment is based on a single criterion. One of the elementary stages in a decision-making process is when...

In the parts of the mine where the exploitation is finished, noticed is surface deformation as a consequence of the surface subsidence. They may be extremely unfavorable because they cause activation of new geomorphogenetic processes. After the excavation was completed, in 2011 a geodetic survey was carried out above the excavation field OP Kp-I ("C" plate) of the pit Seoce, mining area "Haljini?i" in Kakanj coal mine. Subsidence caused by underground mining are almost always localized on the surface above the und...

Dielectric barrier discharge being low-temperature plasma generated in cases with an dielectric material between the electrodes is a new method developed recently which has been used to degrade organic pollutants in waste water, because is the hydroxyl radical produced as was shown. Pollution of water with aliphatic organic substances leads to irreversible environmental changes. Physicochemical and biological methods of water treatment are being developed for controlling such pollution. Oxidation of aliphatic orga...

Interpretation of geophysical data is an important stage at a research of interior of Earth and problem solving of a prospecting geophysics. Potential geophysical fields ? gravitational, magnetic, stationary thermal ? satisfy to the equation of Laplace. Therefore, the theory and methods of interpretation developed for one of this field have the universal character. At the same time, it is necessary for these problems solution to use results of interpretation other geophysical data, first of all, seismic data. Proc...