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Soil degradation is a global problem which is steadily growing. The consequences of soil degradation are environmental, economic and social. This work deals with degradation of physical properties of soil. The aim of the paper is to determine the effect of soil compaction on its retention. For this purpose, 16 plots with soil type cambisols were selected. Physical properties of eight plots are assessed as undegraded and eight as degraded. We focused mainly on bulk density and porosity as indicators of over-compact...

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contamination of coffee beans continues to be a serious issue regarding livestock productivity and human health. AFB1 (secondary metabolites produced by a larger number of Aspergillus spp.) is classified as a Group I carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer due to the considerable risk to human and animal health. Therefore, monitoring of this toxin by using probiotics during storage became a challenge due to the demand for reduced use of chemical preservatives by consumers....

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contamination of coffee beans continues to be a serious issue regarding livestock productivity and human health. AFB1 (secondary metabolites produced by a larger number of Aspergillus spp.) is classified as a Group I carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer due to the considerable risk to human and animal health. Therefore, monitoring of this toxin by using probiotics during storage became a challenge due to the demand for reduced use of chemical preservatives by consumers....

The choice of support design for mine excavations driven beyond the influence zone of stoping in the conditions of permafrost is governed by the service life of the excavations, geomechanical behavior of surrounding rock mass and by working temperature range of ventilation. The research findings on influence exerted by temperature on stress state of rock mass around a single tunnel are presented. Based on solution of quasistatic thermo-elastic problems, the mechanisms of change in the stresses and displacements at...

In this work to study influence ratio of the components of the gas mixture of oxygen with nitrogen at thermodynamic, kinetic parameters of oxidation oil at reservoir conditions. Mixtures of oxygen with nitrogen were obtained by gravimetric method with different ratios. The oxygen content in the gas mixtures was 3, 15, 21, 40%. The main methods used accelerating rate calorimetry (ARC). Beginning of the combustion (oxidation) process depends on the oxygen content of the gas mixture. The higher oxygen content in the ...

Air injection technology is an effective method for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). The advantage of this method is that it can be used for different oil reservoirs, such as light oil, medium oil and heavy oil. The composition of crude oil has an important influence on the oxidation behavior. Therefore, it is necessary to study the oxidation behavior of different crude oils. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) has been widely used to investigate the oxidation process of different fossil fuel, such as, crude oil, ...

The polluting substances are of industrial or agricultural origin, at the level of the different ecosystems. These are the effects of synthetic products on the fauna and flora we are interested in. So our use of biopesticides based on plant extracts, namely essential oils as a natural insecticide is our concern. These bioactive substances or molecules are of great ecological interest because they are very harmful to the ecosystem. The objective of this study is the use of the essential oil of Mentha peperita harve...

Plaster and composites made up of gypsum have been extensively used in building for various purposes. This work aims to study the use of polypropylene (synthetic polymer), Alfa (Stipa tenacissima ) and plastic waste as fiber in the manufacture of plaster and mortar plaster . In this study, a Superplasticizer was used to improve the fluidity of the plaster grout and mortar plaster. The optimization of the dosage of superplasticizer of plaster grout without fiber was determined based on the mechanical strength tests...

Constant increase of traffic volumes exacerbates transportation problems and causes deterioration of safety and life conditions of village inhabitants in the vicinity of throughways. To reduce the adverse effect of road traffic, introduction of traffic calming devices in entry zones has been used for years. Their success in speed reduction and improvement of acoustic climate were dependent on the type of devices, their location and how frequently they were distributed along the pedestrian crossing across the throu...

The flow properties of porous media play an important role in the study of hydrodynamic processes in oil and gas reservoirs. Such characteristics as absolute permeability coefficients, capillary pressure curves, relative phase permeability cannot be estimated from well logs and seismic survey. Their measurements in laboratory are time-consuming and cost expensive. An alternative approach for estimation flow properties is "Computational Rock Physics" using computational experiments on digital models of porous media...

Studies have been carried out to increase the activity of ashes and cements by separate or joint activation in an aqueous medium immediately before the preparation of concrete on the construction site. Activation was carried out in devices where the treated medium was subjected to hydrodynamic and cavitation effects. When using coarse-grained ash, it is possible to recommend either their preliminary grinding in an aqueous medium before adding into the concrete mixing unit, or joint activation with cement. The join...

Here, we developed an effective D-glucose oxidation with magnetically recoverable biocatalysts. These biocatalysts were synthesized on magnetite particles obtained by different methods, polyol and co-precipitation. These MPs were coated with a layer of silica modified with amino groups. The GOx covalent attachment has been carried out via the reaction with glutaraldehyde. We established that the method of MPs synthesis affect the enzyme catalytic activity. It should be noted that the magnetically recoverable bioca...

Here, we developed an effective D-glucose oxidation with magnetically recoverable biocatalysts. These biocatalysts were synthesized on magnetite particles obtained by different methods, polyol and co-precipitation. These MPs were coated with a layer of silica modified with amino groups. The GOx covalent attachment has been carried out via the reaction with glutaraldehyde. We established that the method of MPs synthesis affect the enzyme catalytic activity. It should be noted that the magnetically recoverable bioca...

The article examines the main problems of the national industrial sector in a crisis. The national policy of import substitution is examined in the context of globalization. In the global economy, the development of industry in Russia is in a certain connection with the processes taking place in the highly-industrialized countries and the dynamic development and pricing competition from developing Asian countries. Tension in the geopolitical situation and the imposition of sanctions are putting pressure on the inp...

The subject of the effectiveness of innovative processes and identifying its determinants and measurement is crucial for both researchers and practitioners. Innovative processes, due to the high amount of resources involved and the level of risk, should be prepared adequately from the perspective of the procedure of innovative activities and monitoring their effects. The effectiveness category includes not only economic, but also non-economic values. The aim of the article is to present the problem of measuring th...

In this paper relationships of vessels and the environment, in which exploitation tasks are carried out, were presented. It was shown how important is rational choice of propulsion unit to construct a vessel which should be provided with proper energy to do the tasks given. Vessels are the biggest means of transport, then they also have a profound influence on natural environment. That is why an attempt of analysis was made whether it is possible to replace hydrocarbon liquid fuels with alternative ones. For this ...

In Italy, the summer of 2017 was characterized by serious problems related to the water crisis that affected the entire national territory. The Municipality of Formia, as well as many other territories in the Latina Province, had to face heavy rationing of the water supply during the summer, with consequent inconvenience for the population. In this paper, two spring and their relative aquifers were studied: the Mazzoccolo Spring and the Capodacqua di Spigno Spring. For both aquifers, a hydrogeological water balanc...

The Russian Federation is one of the world leaders in coal mining. The Russian coal branch is one of the key industries of the Russian Federation. Currently the government carries out measures for restructuring of the Russian coal industry. One of the major factors of coal branch sustainable development is to focus on foreign markets in condition to meet the demands of domestic market. One of the priority directions of the Russian coal industry development is providing trade of hi-tech power product. Thus consider...

The subject of study was spatial analysis of transmission of visible light in water column of two deep suburban lakes during peak of summer. In vertical profiles of lakes correlations between transmission of blue/green light, photosynthetic active radiation (or PAR), temperature and oxygen content, chlorophyll a and physico-chemical features of water were analysed. Apparent and true depth of photic zone was investigated. The hypothesis was that vertical changeability of PAR limitation/transmission may be used as a...

The Cetina River is situated in the Dinaric karst area of Croatia. It is a valuable ecological resource because of the existence of numerous rare ecosystems and landscapes. On the other hand, the water is used for drinking purpose, electricity production, industry and irrigation, so the quantity and quality of water is influenced by human impacts. During the period between 1960 and 1985, five hydropower plants were built, which strongly influenced natural regime of the river and the whole area. This paper presents...

Iron oxide (II, III) nanoparticles (ION) are used in variety of biomedical and industrial applications (for instance, in gene therapy, cell tracking, magnetic resonance imaging, drug delivery therapies, in vitro diagnostic assays, catalytic materials, wastewater treatment adsorbents, nanoadjuvants for vaccine and antibody production, coatings, gas sensors, ion exchangers, magnetic recording devices, magnetic data storage devices). In relation to their vast utilization there is a need for more information on the ef...

Rapeseed, one of the most important crops in the world, gained importance due to the use for food or industrial purposes. For obtaining high yields it is important to consider its requirements related to fertilization. The research was carried out in Ialomita County during the agricultural year 2015-2016, on cambic chernozem using two mid-early rapeseed hybrids: PR44DO6 and Harnas. The objectives of the research consisted in evaluation of the influence of mineral fertilization and hybrid on: rapeseed yield, averag...

Rapeseed, one of the most important crops in the world, gained importance due to the use for food or industrial purposes. For obtaining high yields it is important to consider its requirements related to fertilization. The research was carried out in Ialomita County during the agricultural year 2015-2016, on cambic chernozem using two mid-early rapeseed hybrids: PR44DO6 and Harnas. The objectives of the research consisted in evaluation of the influence of mineral fertilization and hybrid on: rapeseed yield, averag...

This article is devoted to the study of the disastrous influence of oil and petroleum refinery products on the environment. The chemical composition of oil as well as its influence on soil are considered in the following paper. The effects of oil spill depend on the variety of factors including, the oil types and quantity of oil spills and their impact on the environment. Analysis of both the factors determining the harmful effect of petroleum products on the environment and the processes of decomposition of petro...

Biochar is a product of pyrolysis of biomass such as plant residues, organic wastes or etc. Being highly porous material that slowly releases nutrients, biochar is considered as an effective alternative fertilizer. It is reported that biochar properties are depending on the pyrolysis regime (e.g. pyrolysis peak temperature and duration), however information about quantitative dependences remains poor, especially for biochars made of specific substrates such as chicken manure. In this study, properties of biochars ...

Localisation and navigation are essential tasks for a mobile robot. If a mobile robot knows where it is, then it can make a plan to reach its destination. Localisation and navigation processes are not isolated from each other, they are closely linked. In fact, the ability for a mobile robot to localise itself is a basic requirement for reliable long- range autonomous navigation. Using sensory information about its environment, the mobile robot can perform actions dependent on this sensory information and navigate ...

The issue of biochar application as a non-conventional fertilizer is of growing interest currently. Biochar is a product of the pyrolysis of organic waste for example and unlike conventional fertilizer, biochar is a long-acting agent. The use of such fertilizer should not only increase the yield of crops, but also the sequestration of carbon in the soil and reduce the impact on climate change. An additional advantage of biochar is its developed surface, which makes it possible to use it as a carrier for beneficial...

The issue of biochar application as a non-conventional fertilizer is of growing interest currently. Biochar is a product of the pyrolysis of organic waste for example and unlike conventional fertilizer, biochar is a long-acting agent. The use of such fertilizer should not only increase the yield of crops, but also the sequestration of carbon in the soil and reduce the impact on climate change. An additional advantage of biochar is its developed surface, which makes it possible to use it as a carrier for beneficial...

Sludge management is a complex problem, as the environmental norms and regulations are more and more restrictive. From this point of view, wastewater treatment must be associated with valorization and/or controlled storage of the resulted sludge. Besides these norms, during the normal operation, social, economical and other legal criteria must be considered. Bioaugmentation is o process by which microorganisms degrade (metabolize) the organic pollutants from wastewaters and neutralize their toxic effect. There is ...

The Rudna Mining Plant is one of the largest underground copper ore mines in the world. It is the deepest of three mines owned by KGHM Polish Copper JSC in the Legnica-G?og?w Copper District. Copper ores are mined below the depth of 1000 meters. The mine has 1250-meter deep shafts. Rock bursts (the first appeared in 1980) are the greatest threats in the Rudna mine. They are defined as a sudden release of energy which destroys or seriously damages mine workings. The rock-burst hazard have to be combated, mitigated ...

The problem of industrial ventilation has emerged as a result of the serious pollution problems that arise both in the industrial and industrial environments. Before addressing an industrial ventilation study, the question should be raised whether there is no simpler means of reducing or eliminating the causes of pollution or of reducing pollution by modifying the production process or the design and construction of the actual ventilation system. Verification of ventilation facilities has a strong preventive role ...

One of the results of increasingly intensive development of subsurface resources is a global change in ecological and geodynamic safety of the natural environment. It is known that intensive extraction of minerals has led to the change on the subsoil and, as a consequence, to the redistribution of the deformed state of very significant volumes of rock mass with adverse consequences for the environment. For this reason, in many deposit fields geodynamic monitoring is actively carried out using ground-based technolo...

The presented paper deals with the determination of the efficiency of wastewater treatment plants, concentration limits and values of permissible pollution of surface water and wastewater, requirements for permitting discharges of wastewater into surface water and into sewerage in sensitive areas. The objective of this paper is to define the provisions of European Community legislation on surface water protection. These findings are applied in selected wastewater treatment plants in the Czech Republic where the mo...

The present paper aims at presenting experimentally obtained results to determine the effectiveness of organic polyacrylonitrile hollow fiber membranes as a result of retaining the content of yeast mixed with deionized water as a feed solution. The use of the membrane module in the ultrafiltration process of various chemical compounds existing in laboratory wastewater is a start for industrial applications. That is why it is necessary to know and to understand in detail the dependence between the operating paramet...

In this study, biosorptive characteristics of mustard waste functionalized with METALSORB (which is a precipitation agent used on an industrial scale) were examined for the removal of Cu(II) ions from galvanizing industrial wastewater. Batch experiments were performed in order to study the influence of initial Cu(II) ions concentration and contact time under optimal experimental conditions, and the results were compared with those obtained on mustard waste biomass (before functionalizing treatment). Equilibrium da...

In agriculture, drought is a particularly harmful natural factor. In some regions, it manifests in most agricultural crops by a moisture deficiency or an unfavorable distribution of rainfall in relation to crop requirements.To reduce the effects of drought and increase production in agriculture, it is necessary to irrigate the controlled supply of soil with additional amounts of water than those received under natural conditions, so as to ensure high and constant agricultural output.Plant development is determined...

The article considers the main elements of integration logistics, the functions implemented with its help in the field of material and technical support and supply, the characteristic of innovative stability is given and a universal logical model is constructed. Logistics, organized for the timely and purposeful receipt of inventory at the right time and in the right place with economic benefits at the lowest cost, is considered as the most important sphere of economic activity at the macro level and as a field of...

The explored area of Banat, located in NE Serbia, with its geological and geothermal characteristics, represents an area with extraordinary ecological potential. The geological structure of Banat is represented by various complexes of Neogene and Quaternary deposits. The Neogene sediments are mostly composed of sandstone, shale, marlstone, sand and gravel. Mesozoic igneous complex is represented by dacites, andesites and basalts. During Quaternary a relatively thick succession of genetically different types of sed...

Sealing solutions play a crucial role in any space application. In this paper we present the production and characterization of elastomeric composites for rubber seals used to prevent unwanted loss of gas or liquid. We selected the following types of elastomers: ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymers (EPDM), butyl rubber (IIR) and bromobutyl rubber (Br-IIR) that have a good behaviour in the low temperature conditions of the cosmic space. Two bipolymeric EPDM/IIR and EPDM/Br-IIR compounds were made, containing other ...

Gallium phosphide is a semiconductor material of great interest for new LED technologies. Porous AIII?V are of great interest because of their interesting optical properties different of those for bulk material. The main goal of this research work is to obtain nanostructured porous gallium phosphide (por-GaP) layers by electrochemical etching of the monocrystalline (100) p-type GaP substrate surface. The structure and surface morphology of obtained samples were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic...

Electrochemical method for the preparation of high-quality nanostructured surfaces and functionalization through active biomolecules electrodepositions are highlighted in this work. There are two applied electrochemical methods in order to obtain hybrid and nanocomposite structured layers or advanced functionalization of material surfaces: (i) electrochemical oxidation or anodization of materials resulting nanoporous or nanostructured oxide films and (ii) direct electrochemical synthesis by electrocodeposition pro...

The article describes the incidence of regulatory systems in humans for the population of the regions of Kazakhstan in conjunction with energy consumption, as well as morbidity for employees of the energy enterprise of the Republic of Kazakhstan (RK). For the period from 2001 to 2014. energy consumption in kW/h per person per year in the Republic of Kazakhstan increased by 1.9 times, by regions of the country this growth was from 1.4 times to 6 times. A statistically significant direct link between the mean level ...

The paper considers the features of the sedimentation of the lakes of the Southern Urals, Bolshoi Kisegach and Turgoyak. Previous studies shows that micrometeorites and cosmic dust can be found in different types of sediments and rocks and also magnetic properties can be used for choosing reliable samples for further investigations. Morphology and elemental composition of 5 magnetic separates studied using scanning electron microscopy in the Interdisciplinary Center for Analytical Microscopy of the KFU on the fiel...

The cadastre basically reflects the boundaries of the land plots of various owners. Changes in land legislation in recent years require the consideration and assessment of land by types of use and soil varieties. This is significantly different from the accounting and assessment of land by land categories and owners. As a result, there is a dynamics of cadastral division in the form of a public cadastral map and an increase in the number of cadastral units - land plots. On the other hand, real monitoring of land u...

In over 38 percent of the groundwater drinking water sources in Slovakia, iron and manganese concentrations exceed the recommended levels set by Regulation of the Slovak Republic No. 247/2017 on Drinking Water [1]. Iron and manganese are not considered health hazards, although micro-environments may be supported in wells and distribution systems which harbor microorganisms. The main concern with these metals is the turbidity and color imparted by the oxidized forms that rarely goes unnoticed by the consumer [2]. T...

Considered here is the problem of cooling water-cooled reactors in an emergency, including in emergencies involving a blackout. This problem has become particularly important after the events that occurred at the Japanese nuclear power plant, ?Fukushima-1.? Here we present a new emergency reactor-cooling system developed at the Department of Energy Problems at the Saratov Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences. We propose a new way to provide redundant, auxiliary power for nuclear power plants (NPPs) throu...

The empirical orthogonal functions method is widely used for the study of the hydrophysical characteristics in meteorology and oceanography, for example for the analysis of ocean surface currents in the North Carolina and the distribution of horizontal velocities in the Shira Lake. This method is also applied to study the distribution temperatures with depth in the Pacific Ocean and to analyze sea surface temperature in the Western North Atlantic. The empirical orthogonal functions method gives us an optimal modal...

Current environmental problems, which are resulting from the construction in building sector require instrument to help with reducing resource consumption and environment pollution. Life cycle Assessment (LCA) is of the building sector popularly used tool to quantify the environmental impacts. There is a large number of impact assessment methods for quantification of environmental impacts in life cycle. LCA approach can be directly applied to the building sector. However, buildings are exceptional products and hav...

The paper deals with the purchase and sale of electricity in companies like huge opencast brown coal mine. Regulation of electric energy usage is still an underrated component of automatization equipment in some companies. If good energy regulation methods are being used, not only financial saving will be achieved, but also energy supply and distribution system quality will get better. This article describes one of the most important systems for saving money and effectively managing the use of electricity in the m...

The subject of contribution is solution a review of the presented territory, where is located geothermal borehole GTH-1, to evaluate the properties of the well and calculate the potential energy of the well. After finding the heat energy potential, contribution will focus on the design of appropriate use and potential solutions to the problems associated with it. A part of contribution is to assess the current situation in the use of geothermal energy as a whole in the Slovak Republic in comparison with other coun...