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The aim of this study is to conduct an in-depth analysis of data on the genesis of pegmatite deposits of the Kalba-Narym rare metal belt, features of rare metal mineralization. The research methodology includes the analysis of existing information on the study of geology and structural-tectonic conditions of the formation of rare metal deposits within the central part of the Kalba-Narym batholith. Field studies, sampling (more than 40 samples), and study of the mineralogical composition of pegmatites and host rock...

The most widely used building materials in the world are those based on Portland cement. Unfortunately, their use is associated with a number of negative environmental impacts, from CO2 emissions to the depletion of natural aggregate resources. In order to contribute to greater environmental responsibility, this work investigated building materials containing both alternative binders and fillers. Magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC) is considered to be a more sustainable binder than Portland cement and is characteri...

The article presents directions for improving diamond drill bits designed for drilling in hard abrasive rocks. The first direction involves the development of multilayer tools in which impregnated diamond layers are separated by soft, non-diamond interlayers of the same configuration. Additionally, ring-shaped bits have been developed with diamond-bearing layers placed on the concave surface of the matrix. This design enables the use of a weakened rock zone beneath the working elements, enhancing rock-breaking eff...

The authors of this paper investigate the way rural areas can be sustainably maintained (designing and building -green buildings-, managing natural resources, practicing sustainable agriculture, practicing sustainable economy, practicing sustainable transportation, producing renewable energy, protecting the environment, reducing waste, being responsible) through environmental measures (conserving water, controlling pollution, designing and building -green buildings-, educating in the spirit of environmental protec...

Biomass is the renewable energy resource that contributes to the energy balance by conversion into heat, by combustion in specialized facilities, conversion into electricity based on steam or gas obtained that drives turbines and electric generators or in both cases combined, through the cogeneration process. However, in order to be collected from nature, it must be optimally organized so that the effects on the environment are not harmful. Also, in the conversion processes, polluting emissions must be as low as p...

Wind and solar energy have become increasingly viable sources of clean, sustainable power, enabling more infrastructure to operate independently of traditional energy grids. To assess the reliability of these energy sources, it is essential to evaluate how regional climate conditions influence the generation potential of renewable energy. Since wind and solar power generation is inherently irregular, analyzing both fluctuations and regional variations is crucial for making optimal decisions that ensure the continu...

The paper will provide an overview of platforms and their impact in the context of climate change on the seas and oceans. It discusses the types of platforms, and the technologies used to improve performance in the face of severe weather and sea level rise. The proposed work emphasizes the importance of integrating innovative solutions to improve the offshore industry. Analysis conducted so far highlight different types of platforms, classified according to their specific use and structural characteristics, highli...

In recent years Metamodernism has turned into an ever more significant philosophical outline in art and culture. It is even more relevant in contemporary architecture. The current article proposes an overview upon the main features of Metamodernism in architecture. Based on a broad spectrum of examples built after 2000, it attempts to trace the ongoing changes in architectural language after the end of Post-Modernism. The study outlines the following characteristics of metamodern architecture: timelessness; generi...

Nickel (Ni) composite coatings fabricated via electrodeposition have garnered significant attention due to their enhanced microstructure, tribological performance, and corrosion resistance. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in Ni-based composite coatings, emphasizing the influence of embedded reinforcements such as ceramic particles, polymers, and metallic phases on their structural and functional properties. The microstructural characteristics, including grain size refinement, p...

Miocene deposits are widespread in the Carpathian Foredeep in Poland (the northernmost part of Central Paratethys). The Poreba Zegoty XXV/25 borehole is located about 25 km on the west from Krak-w in the western part of the Carpathian Foredeep. The profile of Miocene deposits in this borehole includes the Klodnica and Skawina Formations. The Skawina Formation sediments are represented by grey and ash-gray claystones slightly brecciated in places. Micropalaeontological studies were conducted on the Skawina Formatio...

This study analyzed the vegetation structure and the ecosystem and landscape attributes within a park in Timisoara, Romania, in the context of the current ecoclimatic urban environment conditions. The "Regina Maria" Park in Timisoara, Romania, which is the oldest park in Timisoara, was studied. The study used in situ study methods for vegetation inventory and vegetation study by age class (EC), height (H, m), crown diameter (CD, m), and structure volume (SV). Ecological value (EV) and landscape value (LV) were qua...

At present moment, Bulgarian regulatory documents lack rainfall hyetographs that can be used in computer models of sewer networks. In the conditions of climate change and the occurrence of extreme precipitation phenomena, this leads to difficulties in the application of sewer network modeling in solving engineering problems. It is not possible to perform a normatively defined determination of hydraulically overloaded sections of the sewer network, as well as to determine the expected frequency of flooding and floo...

This paper presents the modeling and simulation of an electrical energy management system that integrates a 300 V, 8 Ah lithium-ion battery, a DC shunt machine, and a variable DC load using NEPLAN simulation software. The main purpose of this work is to investigate the performance and control behavior of a hybrid electrical system where the power flow is automatically regulated according to the State of Charge (SOC) of the battery. The DC machine alternates between motor and generator modes depending on the SOC le...

Within a catchment, evapotranspiration is considered the loss component of the water budget. High mountain basins of high precipitation and low air temperature are essential for the recharge of water resources available to lowland settlements. Recently, increasing attention has been paid to the dynamics of water resources in mountainous areas, particularly due to the lack of measurements and the expected impacts of global warming. The aim of this study is the analysis, evaluation, and modeling of evapotranspiratio...

Impact assessments of climate change commonly use either synthetic or downscaled meteorological data. Many meteorological variables are missing or uncertain in such an approach. In this paper, it is shown that in such studies, this limits the use of classical reference ET0 models, e.g., the FAO-56 Penman Monteith model, which require several climatic data inputs. The objective of this study was to assess the capability of the minimal-input approach to predict ET0 and irrigation water requirements solely from tempe...

The orogeny in Albania and its surrounding, in collision with Adria microplate is divided in two domains of a different present-day tectonic regimes: the external domain with a compressional regime and the internal domain with an extensional regime. Two main fault systems are distinguished: 1) the longitudinal fault system, trending NW-SE up to NNW-SSE, represented by thrust and reverse faults, and 2) the traversal fault system NE-SW trending represented by strike-slip. The Lushnje-Elbasan transversal fault, in th...

Modern water quality monitoring in reservoir systems increasingly involves the use of multiparameter sensors and mobile measurement platforms capable of providing accurate, high-resolution data in both spatial and temporal domains. This study presents the results of a field campaign conducted at the Dobczyce Reservoir in southern Poland, where two complementary measurement strategies were employed: manual vertical profiling at fixed points, and continuous near-surface monitoring during in-motion transects using a ...

The modernization of the Bulgarian railways, which has been underway for more than 20 years, is an important step towards a climate-neutral Europe. The goal is to improve Bulgaria's connectivity with the countries of Central and Western Europe, by achieving European standards and integrating the national transport network into the trans-European transport network, the requirements for interoperability of the railway infrastructure in Europe and the EU Green Deal. The expected results of the modernization are achie...

In recent years, significant effort has been dedicated to monitoring sea surface temperature (SST) trends at local scales. Previous studies using MODIS data reported an increasing SST trend of 0.05-C/yr for the Ionian Sea and 0.04-C/yr for the eastern Mediterranean. In this study, we use Copernicus Marine Service mean daily gap-free SST data to verify these satellite-derived trends and compare them with daily in-situ measurements from ten aquaculture sites to assess potential discrepancies. Both datasets cover a t...

Conventional salt mining creates large voids that disrupt geomechanical equilibrium, inducing subsidence pressures from overlying strata. This process, known as convergence, is the time-dependent closure of excavated spaces caused by salt-s viscoplastic behavior. Continuous convergence monitoring is critical for early detection of excessive strain, enabling timely mitigation to maintain structural stability and prevent hazards like water ingress and flooding. Due to the slow deformation rates of halite formations,...

The scientific research presented in the article is related to the application of methodologies for monitoring deformations of the Earth's crust. Intensively developing technologies were used, such as GNSS and SAR methods. The Sofia region is among the earthquake zones in Bulgaria. The general conclusion is, that Sofia located in an area characterized by a high seismic risk, with considerable consequences in the case of a strong seismic event. New scientific knowledge about the geodynamics of the region and the ph...

This study presents a multicriteria evaluation for the integration and development of the Limberg Pumped Storage Hydropower Plant (PSHP) in Austria. The research aims to identify the most sustainable and efficient solution to enhance energy storage capacity and operational flexibility within the national energy system. Three development scenarios were analyzed using a Multicriteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) based on the Analytic Network Process (ANP) implemented in Super Decisions (SD) software. Scenario 1 involves...

Green public procurement (GPP) is a key policy instrument for promoting sustainable development and supporting the transition to a circular economy. It contributes to more efficient resource use, environmentally responsible consumption, and innovation in public service delivery. Municipalities play a crucial role in this process, as their procurement decisions influence market behavior and help implement both the European Green Deal and the UN Sustainable Development Goals, particularly SDG 12.7. This study presen...

This study aimed to identify the level and extent of use of environmental management principles (45 principles) in the productive and economic activities of mining enterprises, in normative and reference documents, in scientific articles and monographs related to the problem of natural resource economy of Yakutia. The paper presents the questionnaire drawn up to obtain expert assessments for examining the use of environmental management principles in research and practice. The experts were scientists and specialis...

Since Latvia acceded to the European Union (EU) in 2004, the natural resources tax (NRT) has been constantly amended to comply with EU regulations and directives. Particularly significant amendments to the NRT Law have been made concerning the circular economy, pollution reduction and sustainable use of resources. Considering that environmental protection requirements become increasingly stringent and sustainable development is a priority of EU and Latvian policies, there is a possibility that the NRT will be exte...

Green space is an integral part of human life. Many aspects of the population's activity and well-being are associated with this process. Green space is equally important for both rural and urban settlements. Tbilisi, Georgia, is a city where the loss of green space has recently intensified due to excessive urban sprawl. However, this growth is not well planned in most cases. Accordingly, analysis of green space dynamics is crucial for strategic planning in Tbilisi. However, there is a lack of similar data for Tbi...

Electrical installations in spaces classified as being in danger of explosive atmospheres have special characteristics to correspond to operation in such atmospheres. For safety reasons in these areas, it is essential that during the lifetime of these installations, the integrity of these special characteristics be maintained. The assessment of explosion-protected electrical equipment within the scope of certification is of paramount importance in view of the risk of explosion which must be minimized to ensure the...

Tirana-s residential landscape has undergone profound transformation since the political transition of the 1990s. Rapid construction, increased private vehicle ownership, and declining public transport quality have reshaped the function and character of spaces within housing complexes. Before 1990, internal roads served primarily pedestrians, emergency access, and community activities, supported by green courtyards and playgrounds. In the post-transition period, however, communal spaces have been increasingly conv...

Catamarans are widely used in marine transport due to their advantages in stability and speed. However, their hydrodynamic performance is affected by the interaction between the two hulls, which creates complex interference phenomena influencing resistance and fuel consumption. Understanding and quantifying these interference effects is essential for optimizing catamaran, a key factor not only for operational efficiency and emissions reduction but also for achieving climate-resilient, energy-efficient marine trans...

With three units of laboratory equipment (jaw and roller crushers, as well as rotary ore divider) operating simultaneously, numerical modeling research was performed to examine the effect of dust emission area on air pollution in a laboratory crushing room. The modeling was performed in a three-dimensional setting using the COMSOL program. The room ventilation process was modelled based on a previously developed two-stage methodological approach: calculation of aerodynamic parameters in the incompressible fluid ap...

Chenopodium album L., is a plant from the Amaranthaceae family. In many traditional cuisines, the leafy plant is highly valued for the nutritional properties, especially the leaves. Being native to Europe and Central Asia, the plant has been used and cultivated for its nutritional and medicinal properties. Containing several bioactive compounds, makes Chenopodium album very beneficial to human health, including: betalains пїЅ pigments with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties; polyphenols пїЅ antioxidants ...

The Bohemian-Moravian Highlands represents an area rich in the abundance of old mining structures of various origin, like e.g. adits, shafts, paddy fields, quarries and age from medieval to modern. For example, Jihlava ore district is well-known for its medieval mining and processing of polymetallic silver ores. The locations of some old mining sites are well documented, however, the knowledge about many of them was lost over time. As a possible indicator of the existence of the old mining sites, spring water anal...

While the transition toward sustainable food systems pose a significant challenge, it also offers substantial economic opportunities. As consumer expectations evolve, the food market is undergoing a profound transformation. This shift presents new prospects for farmers, food processors, catering services, and other stakeholders across the agri-food sector. Pursuing the transition implementation can enable all the domestic food system operators along the agri-food chain to accomplish sustainability and to enrich th...

The present study aims to define a new cost indicator related to the extraction and handling of marble in a quarry located in the Apuan Alps, northern Italy. The analyzed cycle includes all operations required to extract a standard block volume, cutting with wire saws and chain saws, overturning the bench, block squaring, and transport to the yard, carried out using six machines, both for cutting and material handling. The adopted methodology considers costs related to fuel and energy consumption, maintenance, ope...

This paper aims to identify and analyse opportunities for improving financing mechanisms in the environmental sector by exploiting the opportunities provided by public-private partnerships. The need to create conditions and opportunities for strengthening ecological financing mechanisms in Bulgaria is identified as an essential element through which sustainable development goals can be achieved, while also aligning regional and national environmental policies with European environmental policies. There is a growin...

One of the directions towards a green energy transition is the spread of electric vehicles in the transportation sector. This necessitated the installation of electric charging stations, but as their number increases, so do the problems with their management and the increasing consumption of electricity. In this regard, there is a need to search for intelligent management solutions in the transition to alternative energy sources. This research is related to the development of a project to build a smart system for ...

The estimation of aquifer parameters is a critical issue in groundwater modeling. Traditionally, these parameters are determined using manual curve-matching techniques. However, the accuracy of these methods heavily relies on the modeler-s expertise, which can lead to graphical or human-induced errors. To address these challenges, a coupled simulation-optimization framework is proposed for identifying the hydrogeologic parameters of unconfined aquifer systems. In the simulation phase of the proposed framework, dra...

Indoor skydiving wind tunnels are highly energy-intensive installations, yet their environmental performance remains largely unexamined. This study develops a mathematical model to evaluate how on-site photovoltaics, battery storage, and potential regenerative braking can reduce the electricity cost and carbon footprint of a horizontal wind tunnel designed by Storm Adventures. The model integrates empirically measured fan-motor demand, long-term solar irradiance data for Liepaja, Latvia, and Monte Carlo simulation...

This paper explores the technical, economic, and regulatory challenges and opportunities associated with integrating multiple solar Independent Power Producers (IPPs) equipped with Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) into South Sudan-s national electricity system. With an electricity mix currently dominated by expensive diesel generation, the analyses aim to support the country-s green energy transition by proposing new tariff structures and load dispatch strategies that ensure both system reliability and cost e...

The selection of foundation type for photovoltaic (PV) panels depends on several factors, including soil type, geographical location, site topography, groundwater level, and soil corrosion potential. Common foundation solutions for ground-mounted PV panels include ballasted foundations, ground screws, helical piles, and, most frequently, driven steel micropiles. The current study focuses on optimizing the design of foundations using steel micropiles by leveraging Cone Penetration Test (CPT) results to enable more ...

Cupola furnaces are still considered the most suitable furnace units for cast iron melting. Typical exhaust gas from a cupola furnace contains CO, SO2 and NOx. A relatively large amount of dust emissions are emitted from the cupola furnace. These are formed during melting in the cupola furnace. These emitted particles can contain CaO, FeO, Pb, MnO, MgO, SiO2 and Zn. Crushing and mechanical abrasion during charge preparation and charging generate particles, some of which are emitted immediately. Dust is also genera...

The energy transition at the current stage involves the decarbonization of the energy sector of the economy, namely, the shift away from fossil and non-renewable sources in favor of renewable ones. The relevance of this transition is driven by climatic, environmental, resource-based, and political factors. Experience has shown that modern global projects, such as the energy transition, cannot be implemented in a straightforward, top-down manner solely by state authorities and environmental agencies. The novelty of...

The flameproof enclosure type of protection is a safety method designed to prevent the ignition of an explosive atmosphere in hazardous environments. It involves enclosing components that may generate sparks, electrical arcs, or high temperatures within a robust, explosion-resistant housing. This enclosure is engineered to withstand the pressure generated by an internal explosion of a flammable gas mixture, ensuring that the explosion does not propagate to the surrounding atmosphere. This type of protection is par...

The hypersonic technologies for the means of launching spacecraft into suborbital and near-earth orbits, as well as for unmanned systems, combining both shock qualities and intelligence functions working in very not favorable conditions. The impact of the ultrasonic beam on inertial navigation devices of launching spacecraft , in particular, in a multi-phase, in hypersonic conditions was not investigated. Excess heat that is released during the operation of integrating gyroscopes heats the air outside the housing....

Passive acid mine drainage (AMD) treatment technologies are technically simplified systems that allow easy control, low capital and operational expenditures, and operating regime that is resilient to varying conditions. Classical technologies for the treatment of AMD with high metal content are based on the process of chemical neutralization. The most commonly used materials or reagents to induce passive neutralization are lime (slaked or quicklime), limestone, soda ash, magnesium hydroxide as well as industrial w...

Environmental pollution by technogenic chemical elements is a significant problem of modern industrial cities. To determine remediation measures it is necessary to have information on heavy metal pollution of all industrial and public facilities of cities, adjacent territories, and soils in parks and city lawns. Content of chemical elements in soil and their concentrations are in close genetic relationship with the lithosphere (bedrock), atmosphere, biosphere and hydrosphere and show constant exchange of matter an...

Complex energy systems, in the current period of transition to a climate-neutral society, comprise two fully functional subsystems, that of fossil fuel-based production and that of production from renewable energy sources. The functional coexistence of these subsystems is achieved due to the capture of the CO2 component from flue gases through the energy vector represented by green H2. This takes on both the role of energy accumulation and the role of transforming the CO2 component, captured during the combustion ...

In the context of sustainable development and the urgent need to reduce the environmental footprint of the construction industry, the reuse of recycled concrete waste in mortar formulations has emerged as a promising strategy. However, the incorporation of such waste materials typically leads to diminished mechanical performance, primarily due to the reduced chemical activity of the recycled aggregates. To address this drawback, nanoparticles have gained attention as functional additives capable of restoring or ev...

Sclerocarya birrea (marula) is a key multipurpose species in West African agroforestry and silvopastoral systems, essential for ecological stability, biodiversity conservation, and rural livelihoods. This study examines phenotypic variation in growth traits of S. birrea in northern Ferlo, Senegal, across three sites: Amaly, Tessekere, and Labgar. Field measurements focused on morphometric parameters influencing tree growth, including diameter at breast height, canopy diameter, and total height. Multiple regression...

The health of soil, groundwater, air and the entire environment of inhabited areas depends largely on the intensity of agriculture and its systems. In order to achieve the desired quantity, quality and economic profitability, it is necessary to apply large amounts of unnatural, often chemical substances in the production process in order to achieve the desired and profitable harvests. These are mainly industrial fertilizers, which, when used for a long time, can contaminate all components of the environment. Altho...