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Waste from poultry farms represents the greatest danger to people and the environment among all types of bio waste. Approximate estimates show that in Russia up to 15 million tons of manure and a mixture of litter with sawdust or straw are formed annually. The original litter is a toxic substance; the main bacteria in the litter are E. coli and Salmonella. The process of torrefaction of a mixture of manure and sawdust was studied. The torrefaction proceeds in a reactor consisting of three sections with horizontal ...

A hydrogeological map is a cartographic model reflecting the structure, regularities of formation and spread of gravity underground water. Traditionally, cartographic data on hydrogeology are presented as a rule in hard copies or in formats of graphic editors. Another large part of cartographic data is presented in the formats MapInfo and ArcGIS, which does not meet criteria identifying their belonging to up-to-date information systems, and as consequence, limit digital processing of data and its spatial analysis....

Systematic research on the collective behaviour of formal grammars started in the 90s of 20th century. One of the variants of grammar system models was inspired by eco-systems and it is called eco-grammar systems. Eco-grammar systems describe the interplay between an evolving environment and the community of agents which form the eco-system. Each agent as well as the environment of the eco-grammar system is represented by its own 0L scheme. Agent in the eco-grammar systems can change environmental symbols independ...

Electric discharge technology (EDT) has ample opportunities in the field of geotechnical construction. It has a number of technological advantages. EDT bored piles have increased bearing capacity both for the soil and for the material due to the maximum inclusion of the surrounding soil in the combined action. Unlike other types of piles, the cross section of an EDT pile has additional areas of cementation and compaction. Due to these areas, specific bearing capacity for the soil of these piles exceeds the bearing...

The goal of the paper is to design a concept of online monitoring for the urban environment. The set of urban online monitoring procedures includes five Internet of Things services: online calculation of air pollution produced by traffic congestion, online calculation of noise pollution for road neighborhood, calculation of the actual and forecast microalgae concentration for lakes and reservoirs, online calculation of livable meteorological conditions for urban microsites and calculation of acute and long-term he...

Implementation of the development program for the Northern and Arctic territories is not possible without the use of modern materials and technologies in the construction industry. One of the most common and popular building materials is the fine grained concrete, for the production of which, use chemical additives, mainly imported, improving the performance characteristics of the composite. Therefore, the actual problem is the replacement of imported components with Russian-made additives. As such an additive, te...

An exceptional occurrence can generally be regarded as a manifestation of risk. In order to handle it, it is necessary to have sufficient amount of information about the risk itself as well as about potential sources and means to deal with the situation it evokes and the preparedness of citizens. In Slovakia, it is mainly the risks of natural character which are, for the purposes of crisis management, evaluated based on a methodology from the year 1994. The ever-extending list of potential risks leads to the need ...

One of the most popular systems of simulation - GPSS World provides users (1) software tools to interact with the system in the process of simulation research and (2) software tools, realizing immediately the implementation of the model (including: syntax analyzer interpreter model, clock modeling, management of the list of events and more.). Until a few years ago the programs in the first group only automated a part of research itself, namely the creation of a text model and conduct experiments with it. In the ab...

The problem of optimization of design and regime parameters of PSA unit?s operation with regard to an economic criterion (total costs, profit, etc.) and fulfillment of design and technologicalechnologicalechnological echnologicalechnologicalechnologicalechnological constraints on the process (purity of the concentrated gas (hydrogen, oxygen), on PSA unit capacity, energy- and resource-saving, etc.) is formulated and solved. The problem?s formulation takes into account: 1) the uncertainty (inaccuracy) of the initia...

Agricultural production is based on responding issues related to climate change in the coming years. Frequent drought seasons lead to a decline in yield production, and negative hydrological balance is expected in the future, which will also affect water consumption for agriculture [1]. Based on sap flow measurements, it is possible to optimize irrigation. For our experiment was used the grape vines in Nitra region, on which we installed Dynagage Sap Flow Sensors with the Flow 32-1K Sap flow system, which measure ...

The study presents the possibilities, procedures and financial burden of mitigation and elimination of the consequences of radiation events within emergency zones of nuclear power plants regarding local contaminated plant biomass of agricultural crops. The agricultural land of Jiho?esk? kraj (South Bohemian Region ? Czech Republic) was chosen as the model area where Temel?n, a two-block nuclear power, plant is operated. In this area, emergency response planning is divided into two parts: the on-site zone and exter...

In our study, we optimized two methods of enzyme activity estimations characterizing C and P cycles (?-1,4-glucosidase and acid phosphatase) for agricultural soil with 2.629% of total C and 0.062 % of total N sampled in Tatarstan (Russia). Concentration of the substrates (4-MUF-?-d-glucopyranoside, 4-MUF-phosphate) in the range from 20 to 900 ?mol g-1 soil was used, four levels of buffer pH (3, 6, 8, 11) were compared, and three different dilutions of soil suspension (1%, 2%, 10% w/v) were investigated. Besides, t...

In our study, we optimized two methods of enzyme activity estimations characterizing C and P cycles (?-1,4-glucosidase and acid phosphatase) for agricultural soil with 2.629% of total C and 0.062 % of total N sampled in Tatarstan (Russia). Concentration of the substrates (4-MUF-?-d-glucopyranoside, 4-MUF-phosphate) in the range from 20 to 900 ?mol g-1 soil was used, four levels of buffer pH (3, 6, 8, 11) were compared, and three different dilutions of soil suspension (1%, 2%, 10% w/v) were investigated. Besides, t...

Nowadays crop management seeks techniques and practices to enhance production and to optimize the use of natural resources. Most of the developing countries need reliable techniques which can help in increasing production to meet the demand for food. The techniques should be able to forecast crop yield and to detect problems ahead regardless of the technical or the natural conditions. Geospatial technologies including remote sensing play a vital role in mapping and in monitoring crops. However due to many obstacle...

The present paper deals with an important issue for the present digital world, namely the quality control of the optic fiber used in transmitting the internet, television, landline or mobile telephony and other digital content connection. Romania, the country with one of the most developed high-speed internet networks in the world, needs modern methods to test the fiber already in use, the one to be installed, as well as the welded connections between them. The paper presents the theoretical model of transmitting ...

Preservation of the environment becomes a vital issue in an era of intensive societal development. The long-term economic development of areas with low forest cover and poor composition of woody vegetation leads to a sharp decline in biodiversity and the deterioration of trophic connections. Forest ecosystems are those components that are capable of stabilizing the environmental situation and solving economic and social issues. Forest plantations play a special part in preserving and maintaining ecological balance...

Amiodarone (AMD) is an antiarrhythmic agent used for the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias, arterial fibrillation, and severe rhythm disorders. The main therapeutic disadvantage of AMD is its low oral bioavailability and low water solubility. The aim of the study was to obtain the hydroxylpropyl-?-cyclodextrin/AMD inclusion complex and to assess its degree of drug loading using a new HPLC method. The solubilizing effect of cyclodextrin on AMD was evaluated by the phase solubility method. The concentration of AM...

The paper presents the results of theoretical and practical research on developing the infrastructure for assessment of overall risk (explosion / occupational terrorist attack) associated with unwanted events such as major accidents that can occur at explosive storehouses for civilian use. The scientific research outlined in this article was carried out within the NUCLEU Project PN 16 43 02 15 - ?Research on increasing safety levels at technical facilities for storage of explosives for civil use?. The key element ...

Strandja Massifs? units form the basement metamorphic units of north western edge parts of Turkey and intruded by the Late Cretaceous felsic and mafic intrusive rocks. The felsic and mafic rocks have a contact metasomatic effects at the border of sedimentary rocks resulting in the formation hornfels, metasandstone and calcsilicaticfels in the composition. Demirk?y is one of the youngest intrusive body which crops out at NE of the massif and mainly composed of granite, granodiorite, diorite and gabbro in compositio...

The current state of agriculture in Ukraine confirms the necessity of sustainable development of this branch of economy capable to solve the country's food security and ensure the effective functioning of the domestic market, fair competition among agricultural producers and consumer confidence, protecting their interests, rational use of natural resources and creating conditions for preservation, reproduction and increase of soil fertility. These components are focused in the resolution of the EU Council No 834/2...

The study area is located 80 km east of Denizli province. Sedimentary units in the study area are composed of conglomerate, sandstone, and mudstone containing coal. The aim of this study was to assess the thermal maturation and maceral associations of organic matter rich rocks from Hayrettin Formation by using organic geochemical and organic petrographic analysis. The total organic carbon (TOC, %) contents of sedimentary rocks range from 2.12 wt.% to 34.35 wt.%, and hydrogen index (HI) values are between 25 mg HC/...

Soil and its quality are the key factor that determines opportunities for agricultural production in a particular territory. However, through lasting land management practices, soil structure can be significantly modified. In the context of climate change, soils can contribute to increased greenhouse gas emissions; for this reason, the techniques that contribute to sustainable land management have to be used in agricultural production. In many Central European countries, organic soils have been extensively used an...

Woodchip material is one of the most promising fill media for denitrifying bioreactors. Woodchip denitrifying bioreactors are used for nitrate reduction in the outlets of drainage systems, shallow groundwaters, etc. Despite their overall positive effect, undesirable leaching of organic compounds from the fill medium can occur during a bioreactor?s start-up phase. The released organic compounds can cause oxygen depletion and some of them can have a toxic effect on biota. The paper presents the quality of leachates ...

The current stage in the development of the construction industry is associated with improving the consumer properties of composite materials, increasing their operational efficiency, increasing production volumes and service lives. One of the ways to solve the problem associated with increasing the durability and reliability of materials from plant raw materials is to create compositions based on the synthesis of ceramic materials with an ordered structure by mineralization of the wood matrix with sol-gel surface...

In 1791 the French Academy of Sciences decided to have the size of the Earth measured once more, to a superior accuracy, hoping that perhaps the size of the Earth could be determined to some 10 metre accuracy. This would translate to the error of one metre etalon to be about 1 micrometer. The task of determining the size of the Earth was entrusted to a pair of geodesists/astronomers, P.F.A. M?chain and J.-B.J. Delambre, both highly regarded members of the Academy. Their task was to measure as accurately as possibl...

The paper is focused on literature review from the scientific works in area of utilization of biomass in agglomeration process. Actual environmental potential of biomass, as well as its availability, emphasizes the importance of this topic. The composition and properties of biomass differs from the fossil fuels. It is important to view on utilization of biomass in agglomeration process in wired then ecological context. Technological and economical parameters are also important for its utilization. The type pf the ...

The rainwater harvesting systems is a technique which that have been used for many years, with outstanding results that has been used since antiquity. However, it is still not used around the world. Drinking water is an essential element for humanity. However, millions of people do not have access to drinkable water all over the world. Poor countries do not benefit from drinking water even if efforts have been made by governments in developed countries. Poor countries cannot afford modern water treatment and water...

The aim of this article is assessment of the PAHs bioavailability and phytotoxicity on benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) example in model experiment with Haplic Chernozem and that spiked with various doses of BaP (20, 200, 400 and 800 ?g/kg) equivalent to 1, 10, 20 and 40 levels of maximal permissible concentrations (MPC) planted with spring barley (Hordeum sativum distichum). The main subject of this study is to research the bioindication of BaP contaminated soil in a model experiment to quantify the main features of BaP accu...

The purpose of this work was to reconstruct the paleoenvironmental conditions for the time interval of the construction of a large kurgan in the Krasnodar Oblast, Russia. The investigated kurgan 1 in the Beysuzhek-9 kurgan group was located on the high floodplain of the Levyi Beysuzhek River among the agricultural fields. In the kurgan, three different mounds were singled out. According to archaeological data, the first and second mounds in the kurgan was built by representatives of the Novotitor culture at the en...

Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and since the 1950s, many of the observed changes are unprecedented over decades to millennia. Polar region of the Russia not only play the leading role in world climatic system, but also quickly, with high sensitivity react to climatic changes. Investigation of lake from arctic region has an extreme importance for understanding of the modern environmental processes and their influence on northern ecosystems and biological diversity of these regions. Limnological chara...

We performed seismoacoustic and magnetic investigations of samples taken from Lake Bolshoe Miassovo (Chelyabinsk region, Russia) in 2018. Before sampling, seismoacoustic investigations were conducted in order to study stratification in sediments, reconstruct the reservoir?s history and select core locations with undisturbed stratification. A special hydraulic corer was used for taking long core samples. Five cores up to 5 meters long were obtained. For laboratory investigations, all cores have been cut into smalle...

Paleosol profiles from the reference section of the Urzhumian stage of Middle Permian in the Cheremushka Ravine, the Kazan Volga region, were studied in order to detail the paleogeographic and palaeoclimatic conditions. Field and laboratory methods, including grain size analysis, optical microscopy, X-ray fluorescence of siliciclastics, X-ray diffraction of clayey component, were used. Urzhumian succession of 70 m thick is represented by red-bed fluvial-lacustrine deposits with predominance of mudstones. The upper...

The results of the palynological analysis of the sediment core recovered in Lake Rubskoe (Ivanovo Region, Russia) in 2015 are presented. An environmental reconstruction of Holocene and late Pleistocene vegetation, climate and lake dynamic was inferred. Pollen analysis has shown that vegetation of the area was dominated by Betula pendula, Pinus and Alnaster. Herbaceous were mostly represented by Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae. Sphagnum spores finding in the in the upper layers of core indicates a significant moisture co...

When thinking about sustainable design, social sustainability appears to be a fundamental feature that must be considered when shaping people and communities. This broad subject is narrowly approached within the present article following one specific viewpoint; social sustainability can be defined in the design process by analyzing materials? potential in crafts` and industries` activities alike. Paper`s potential on both these levels, in developing, through its production process, small scale communities and larg...

Adsorption of CO2 and N2 onto coal is used to describe its porous structure. It is mainly CO2 that allows for the analysis of the adsorption on coal, whose porous structure is dominated by micropores. Depending on the specificity of the transition process of CO2 molecules from the free state to the adsorbed state, the thermal characteristics of the adsorption process varies as well. The article presents the test results of three types of coal from Polish mines. The researcher carried out volumetric analyses of gas...

Natural sand resources in Vietnam have been nearly exhausted and its price has been increasingly escalating. According to estimation, by 2020 Vietnam will not be able to provide enough sand for construction industry. Alternative materials for natural sand are now encouraged by the authorities. Therefore, this article focuses on researching the possibility of using GBFS as an alternative for natural sand in aggregate for concrete. Based on the previous studies and suggestions given by domestic and international res...

The aim of our proposals for soil sampling regarding mesofauna study in soils from greenhouses or polytunnels is motivated by the high soil heterogeneity and large variability of easy exchangeable soil properties such as water content, soluble salts distribution especially under drip irrigation and local fertilization. The intensive technology for growing vegetables or flowers, high irrigation requirements and the high soil moisture favors, in short time the degradation of morphological, physical, chemical propert...

On the example of 50 heavy oil fields prepared by PJSC В«TatneftВ» for pilot development in the territory of Tatarstan, the relationships of the changes in their properties: density, sulfur and paraffin content with the oil-bearing area, effective average oil-saturated thickness of reservoir productive rocks, as well as with coefficient of their sand content, permeability and porosity were investigated. The analysis showed differentiation of technological properties of heavy oils within the same productive layers,...

For reasoned reconstruction of initial presence of various organic substrates in the soil-ground material of archaeological sites, a model experiment was performed, where the dynamics of decomposition of organic substrates of protein, lipid and polysaccharide composition by soil microbial communities was studied. The experiment was carried out on gray forest soil under optimal conditions (60% WHC, 25oC). Soil samples were enriched by one of the substrates of protein (gelatin, casein, and sheep wool), lipid (sheep ...

The paper emphasizes the deep influence of soil biota on pedobioplasma illuviation and on the evolution of illuvial coatings formed in soils with Fe-humic-clayey pedobioplasma. In the studied soils, two main types of pedofeatures were noticed, which pointed out that soil biota initiated and controlled the important pedogenetic processes: coprolites (pedofeatures generated by biological activity), as well as illuvial coating (textural pedofeatures generated by illuviation). Two types of coprolites were dominant: a)...

This paper presents an overview of existing Romanian code provisions for industrial sources or human-induced vibrations. Caused by the industrial sources (forge hammers, presses), vibrations are transmitted to the soil, generating different body and surface waves, and to buildings. On the other hand, vibrations due to sounds are significant on walls and non-structural elements, and even there are not recorded severe damages, with important effects on people. Two studies related on the structural effects and on the...

Positioning is a critical task for applications that involve mobile nodes as well as applications that rely on fixed nodes. The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based navigation system that provides its users with proper equipment access to positioning information. The Iterative Least Squares (ILS) and Extended Kalman Filtering (EKF) techniques are two of the most commonly used approaches for GPS positioning. Both ILS and EKF techniques are based on the same pseudorange equation and both of the techn...

The paper mentions performance evaluation of thermal solar power plants in conditions of Belgorod region of Russian Federation. The main task is thermal energy production determination of vacuum solar collector in environmental conditions of Belgorod region of Russia. For quantity of heat calculation of thermal solar power plant it is taking into account solar radiation (insolation) changing in different seasons, collector angulation and sun ray angle change in different time, amount of clouds, coefficient of effi...

In the context of climate change and sustainable development, the discussion has been raised in the society about the long-term benefits and possible losses of different farming types. In the discussions about the future of the CAP, it has been stressed that tackling climate change and preserving the environment is the most serious challenge facing the EU, and the CAP must help by setting new goals to ensure that EU farming contributes meeting the international commitments on sustainability. The paper deals with t...

Research has been conducted on the permafrost in the Sentsa River valley for the first time. The investigated units of the permafrost are cryogenic structures of unconsolidated deposits and active layer temperature, morphology and cross-section of sizable frost mounds and chemical composition of ice core. The complex pilot studies included borehole drilling, detailed documentation of frost borehole samples, penetrated sections of frost mounds, and river terrace cusps, tachometric survey of the Sentsa river valley,...

The technology of Permeable Reactive Barriers in recent years is one of the most frequently developed methods of protecting the soil and water environment from pollution. These are zones filled with reactive material, in which during the flow of contaminated groundwater, contaminants are immobilized and/or their concentration is reduced to the limit values. Currently, there are relatively few deep installations compared to shallow systems (e.g. <10 m), resulting mainly from higher costs and technical difficulties ...

The development of measures to improve the transport networks of cities require studying the patterns of changes in their main parameters of traffic flows after the implementation of these activities. Investments in urban transportation networks should base on accurate methods of assessing the changes in the social-economic and ecological performance of transportation networks, due to the factors affecting them. The development of such methods is possible basing on patterns of changes in the characteristics of roa...

The crystalline basement of the Tatar arch is composed of metamorphic rocks. Locally, areas within its boundaries are composed of magmatic rocks. According to the data of our studies, it is known that within the basement permeable zones are developed, which we attribute to unconventional types of reservoirs. One such object is the hypabyssal rocks, which are alternated by rocks of the gabbro-diabase formation. Based on the results of studying geological-geophysical and core materials of individual areas, in partic...

The structure and phase composition of annealed and irradiated beryllium plates were studied by X-ray analysis. Durable X-ray irradiation leads to phase transition of a normal hexagonal beryllium lattice into a beryllium superlattice. This superlattice is composed of beryllium superatoms that form a face-centered cubic lattice with the lattice parameter of 6.2205 ? and a superatom core that crystalizes into a diamond-type lattice with the lattice parameter of 1.5703?. It is shown that beryllium has three phase sta...

Nosocomial infections have an important place in human pathology, becoming a major public health problem due to the high frequency of multiresistant strains, with afferent consequences. In the Intensive Care Units (ICU), nosocomial infections represent a constant risk due to a cumulus of factors that increase susceptibility to infections, respectively: decreased immunity due to underlying pathology, patient exposure to a series of invasive manoeuvres, poor nutritional status etc. The purpose of this study was to e...