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Growing a healthy, stable and quality forest stands while using their products in the most effective way possible is the primary aim of every forest manager, as well as the forestпїЅs owner, considering the fact that wood mass is still the most important source of income for the forest management in Slovakia. As a result of wood logging and conversion, a significant amount of waste wood mass is left over in the forest, manipulation sites, wood stocks, warehouses and saw pits. The waste wood, consisting of pieces o...

Because wood ash resulted from furnace facilities destined to solve the problem of wood debris, are cumulated in large amounts, the problem of an alternative to their storage is increasingly important. A using possibility, if free of harmful constituents, is their administration as soil fertilizer/amendment may be taken into consideration. This experiment was conducted in order to emphasize the effect of using ash resulted from oak debris burning in facilities destined to this aim, as soil fertilizer, administered...

Evaluation of explosion-proof protected electrical equipment in scope of certification is extremely important considering the risk of explosion that has to be minimized in order to ensure life safety and health of workers and to prevent damaging of property and the environment, as well as free movement of goods when they meet the essential safety requirements at European level. The purpose of this paper is to present the tests carried out on the cable entries with type of protection increased safety and flameproof...

An innovative concept for design and detailing of precast concrete frame structures is analyzed under accidental seismic-type loading. The new detailing of post-tensioned assembled structures derives from the special hybrid moment frames as defined in the ACI T1.2-03 standard. The alternative detailing of special reinforcements, named modified special hybrid joints, are bondless with respect to both column and beams. The model represents a corner of an actual multistoried structure, cropped in the middle of the be...

Nowadays concrete is the worldпїЅs most widely used building material. A decisive constituent is cement, which causes in production nearly 10% of the worldпїЅs CO2 emissions. Ultra High Performance Concrete (UHPC), a new high-tech concrete with an outstanding compressive strength of 4 to 6 times the strength of standard concrete (NSC), is the most advanced building material in reinforced concrete construction and increasingly used in different countries all over the world. Due to its high compressive strength, bui...

Using of photogrammetric methods on quarries of dimension stone for determining cracks parameters and stone block modeling is actual problem. The methodology of applying the modern digital cameras (SLR-type) and terrestrial laser scanning for surveying of mining objects (dimension stone blocks), reception of the information on a camp of rock mass, recognition of cracks in rock massif with following definition of their geometrical parameters, quality control of dimension stone blocks on quarry are considered. The m...

The latest law in matter of property right, which aims to be a solution to solve the problems arising during the implementation of previous property laws, is Law no. 165/2013 concerning the measures to complete the process restitution, in the nature or equivalent, of the real estates abusively taken during the communist regime in Romania. The complexity of the previous laws regarding the restitution of properties abusively taken, as well as the changes produced upon them over the time, imposed the adoption of a ne...

The work is focused to study the impact of alkaline and metallic deposition on soil phosphatase activity. Area JelпїЅava - LubenпїЅk with specific alkaline pollutants is one of the most devastated regions of Slovakia. Mining and processing of magnesite is accompanied by enormous emissions of particulate matter of MgO into the air. The heavy metals Cd, Pb, Zn, Mn and Cr are also found in the dust particles. Seven research sites in the agrarian country of the problem area JelпїЅava and LubenпїЅk were monitored. Midd...

The article is devoted to the development of the algorithm for express analysis of the state of human functional systems, taking into account the data of goniometric control. The analysis of electrophysiological correlates of movements is given. The features of occurrence of bioelectric signals of brain centers and muscle neurons are analyzed. Based on the analysis it is established that for more effective study of the pathology of the musculoskeletal system it is necessary to carry out goniometric control togethe...

The analysis of environmental and economic effectiveness of the environmental management by cost indicators is important in the environmental policy of the enterprise. Volumes of environmental financing, indexing of environmental payments, formation and use of funds, the establishment of environmental insurance rates depend on the understanding of the category пїЅecological and economic efficiencyпїЅ. Studies have shown that the existing environmental cost-benefit analysis techniques in the evaluation of their eff...

Contribution deals with a future development of an area affected by brown coal mining. The area consists of Chomutov, Most, Teplice and пїЅstпїЅ nad Labem districts located in the northern Bohemia at the foot of the Ore Mountains. Even though the land is severely damaged by the coal mining, the future potential can be sustainable there. Due to good experience with reclamation and restoration processes, the area is constantly renewed and integrated back to the surrounding landscape. It is important to concentrate o...

In the paper the analysis of Environmental Management System in the selected company was presented. This system is one of the elements of Integrated Management System. The analysis was based on the results from Plate Mill which is Department of Steel Mill working in the central part of Poland. In the first part of the paper general characteristics of Integrated Management Systems was made. Its individual elements were discussed. Environmental Management System, its conditions and elements were the main component o...

Circularity metrics are useful for empirically assessing the effects of introduction of circular economy principles at product and company level. Due to the fact, that the concept of circular economy is new, one standardized method for measuring the circularity of products and company has still not been developed. For that reason, in this article the multidisciplinary literature review was carried out for indicating existing methods, tools and indicators dedicated to measure the circularity. This analysis has prov...

The land cover changes of the area result from both nature-induced activities that are sometimes indirectly caused by human influence, and direct human-induced activities such as land use change, deforestation, city expansions, and other. Therefore, the land cover change can indicate climate changes of the geographic area as well as the change of the socio-economic factors. This study aims at analyzing the land cover change over the territory of the Republic of Croatia from 1990 onwards. The study is based on CORI...

Knowledge of emitted neutron spectra is crucial to determination of degradation rate of materials or biological shielding designing. Therefore the paper focuses on the neutron spectra measurement using passive activation detectors made from indium and special spectral filters. A neutron radionuclide source made of mixture americium and beryllium was used for irradiation. The irradiation was carried out on the special stand SVICKA that allow generating different spectra in various irradiation channels. The spectral...

At present the extraordinary and earlier unprecedented development of the industry is observed. The scale of the production of different goods is huge and concerns many areas on our planet. Some of these areas were not industrialized till today. Their development from the one hand gives the social and economic benefits пїЅ like the life conditions improvement, money transfer, but from the other hand requires the location of new production lines or even plants. In many of them the old, worn out machines and the tec...

The nature of the soilпїЅs foundation bears a major influence on the time behavior of a building. Geotechnical studies are chosen based on the appropriate constructive methods for the terrain situation. There are however, cases where, even if the constructive solutions are adopted accordingly with the conclusions of prior studies, due to an inadequate approach in the achieving process of these studies, there are deformations that occur in the structure of the constructions, that affect their exploitation process o...

In this study, the antimicrobial activity of eight natural extracts (Citrus bergamia, Ocimum basilicum, Melissa officinalis, Eucaliptus, Pelargonium graveolens, Argania spinosa, Ricinus communis) over some nosocomial bacterial strains isolated from hospital units (Staphylococcus aureus M215, Escherichia coli M49 and Streptococcus pyogenes M372) has been studied using the diffusion method. The highest antibacterial effect was exhibited by the basil (Ocimum basilicum) and eucalyptus (Eucaliptus) oil (0.7 mm and 1.3 ...

The designation of protected natural areas aims to preserve the natural elements where the ecological balance is becoming unstable. Gradually, the role of the strict nature protection begins to be phased out, whereas most protected areas are an integral part of human settlements or represent points of tourist attraction for nature lovers. It is therefore necessary to harmonise the nature protection with the spatial development in order to minimize the negative environmental impacts and maximize the economic benefi...

Nowadays, mining and metallurgical enterprises are necessarily involved in recovering of technogenic deposits generated by their operations. By doing so, they obtain additional mineral resources and improve the environment situation. Studies of the processability of pelletized slag from Kola MMC (Nikel town) have disclosed the possibility increases of extracting non-ferrous metals via electric pulse disintegration method and next processing classic flotation. This is a consequence of the specific physical mechanis...

The scope of benefits of land consolidation is wide пїЅ there can be indicated spatial, agricultural, socio-economic, landscape and environmental effects of the process. As a result of the process there can be noticed significant structural changes in rural areas. Land consolidation process enables to improve the inadequate spatial structure of farms, remove the adverse effects of land fragmentation and improve agricultural productivity. The assessment of the land fragmentation reduction requires reliable measurem...

The need to create ecological and energy efficient architecture is evident today. In the contemporary discourse on architecture more and more attention is dedicated to the aesthetics that expresses the idea of sustainability. The article is a voice in this debate, concentrating on the architecture that features daylight. Solar light comes from the natural environment and brings some substantial benefits for the architectural space, such as light, warmth and atmosphere, which should be reflected in the aesthetics o...

In this paper the approach to Information Educational Environment (IEE) creation is proposed. IEE is a complicated system that consists of a lot of hardware and software tools. Open architecture of the IEE provides integration of various electronic educational resources (virtual laboratories, virtual departments, electronic scientific-educational complexes). A variety of different hardware and software tools allow to create a variety of educational routes. In this paper we highlighted the main aspects about IEE cr...

The purpose of this study is to determine the volatile organic compounds, which are responsible for the flavor found in sour cherry distillates from various regions, in order to create a comparative study, i.e. to determine criteria used in their qualitative evaluation. In fruit distillates, a big number of volatile organic compounds has already been determined. The characteristics for differentiating the different kinds of distillates are based on the major differences of relative concentration of the compound cl...

A rise of a mean global sea level recorded during the 20th and 21st century is one of the most important indicators of climate change, which induces the thermal expansion of the oceans (steric effect) and ice melting. The mean rates of global sea level rise are estimated at around 3.1 mm a year. Those rates are routinely calculated from tide gauge measurements and satellite altimetry. However, regional rates that are driven by local geophysical processes can vary significantly. Thus, the impact of sea level change...

Membrane stability reflects the ability of cell tissues to hold electrolytes under drought condition by retaining the membrane structure of the leaf cell intact. This indicator has been extensively used as selection criterion for different abiotic stresses including drought and high temperature in wheat. A low frequency of injuries is associated with a high stability of cell membrane, which ensures a better tolerance to water stress. The objective of this research was to evaluate the performance and breeding poten...

The scope of this paper encompasses the comparison of photogrammetric measurement techniques with satellite RTK measurements. The aim of the research is to compare and combine the measurements taken by using three different techniques as well as to determine which of them is the most precise compared to the results of satellite RTK surveying. To convey the research, four measuring sets were used: a GPS receiver, a mobile laser scanner, UAV (unmanned aerial vehicles) as well as so-called пїЅphoto busпїЅ (a mobile m...

The paper discusses a comprehensive assessment of the ecological state of the basin of the transboundary Selenga River. This assessment was created on the basis of an analysis of the factors of direct and indirect effects on water bodies. The indicators used were grouped according to the types of anthropogenic influences - demographic, industrial and agricultural. The aggregate anthropogenic load was defined as the arithmetic average value of the points of demographic, industrial and agricultural loads. The result...

The magnetorheological (MR) fluids include ferromagnetic and paramagnetic particles suspensions with sizes included between 0.03 and 10 ?m, located in a carrier fluid (usually mineral oil). The complex fluid viscosity strong depends of magnetic field applied. Each particle can be considered a small magnet, which tends to align in the direction of the magnetic field. The magnetorheological fluids have the ability to change their viscosity when they are introduced into a magnetic field, due to the aligned particles ...

High Nature Value (HNV) farming has been developed since the early 1990s as a policy tool to describe those farming systems in Europe which have the greatest biodiversity value and which depend to a great extent upon the continuation of specific farming systems and practices across broad areas of the countryside. Three types of HNV farmland have been distinguished: Type 1 пїЅ farmland with a high proportion of semi-natural vegetation, Type 2 пїЅ farmland with a mosaic of low-intensity agriculture and natural and s...

Removal of potentially harmful As compounds by adsorption onto biosorbents is a cost-effective alternative to the conventional treatment methods. Peatlands can accumulate arsenic originating from both natural and anthropogenic sources [1-3]. Wetland soils and sediments are subject to frequent changes in redox conditions, driven by fluctuations in the water table and shifts in biological activity. Under oxic conditions, natural organic matter (NOM) promotes arsenic release from metal-(hydr)oxides, thereby enhancing...

Lake Usma is unique with hundred years' old nature reserve and Natura 2000 territories in one part of the lake and developing the tourism industry in other part of the lake. During last ninety years, the water level of Lake Usma increased for approximately one meter, which caused coast erosion, changed soil ground water level in large territories around it and it is regarded to be a major factor for lake ecosystem functioning. To find sustainable management solution of Lake Usma, there is a necessity to understand...

Until recently, the effect of various factors, which are due to the stressed state and physical weathering of a massif on the development of microfractures in igneous rocks in elastic-brittle state has been poorly studied. Therefore, the genesis of fractures of various sizes cannot be revealed and the strength of the massif cannot be reliably forecasted. The authors have assessed the conditions and formation pattern of microfractures in rapakivi granites from the Salmi massif, the Fennoscandian Shield, which displ...

The article analyses the air temperature characteristics of the winter season in north-western Poland (Fig. 1) between 1951 and 2015.The aim of this work is to analyses the changeability of thermal conditions in the winter, taking into consideration the speed of changes determined by a coefficient of linear trend, and to investigate the relations between North Atlantic Oscillation and the air temperature. In this study, the JonesпїЅ index, whose values were determined in 1825 and regularly published on National We...

There is a growing interest in the world in coal as critical raw materials. Coal also can be a carrier of many valuable components. An important geological and geochemical task is to find out the conditions for their accumulation in the coal. The complex of trace elements including group of rare earth elements (REEs) has been studied in the coal seams of the Volga-Ural region (Russia). The article is considered the main regularities and reasons of the concentration of trace elements in coal seams. In the Volga-Ura...

This work presents improvement of land subsidence monitoring obtained by combining results of Sentinel-1A and Sentinel-1B data processing. In presented work DInSAR (Differential Interferometry SAR) technique was used. Results of DInSAR technique provide information about values of vertical deformation of the surface. Using this technique the areas endangered by subsidence phenomenon can be identified and appropriate steps in order to save the infrastructure, buildings, roads, and also human life can be taken. The ...

Dynamic social development results in growing demands for sustainable human activities. Implementation of the sustainable development ideas should be also applied in designing and development of commercial sites. The sustainable construction industry should improve the quality of operations performed by users of such facilities. It should also influence the level of satisfaction of their users and generate benefits for them and for the local society within the area where such facilities have been located. The pape...

Microtexture is an important surface characteristic from the pavement skid resistance point of view. Its main role is to secure the basic friction level between tire and road surface by the contribution of the irregularities on the individual aggregate surface. Therefore the methods for its accurate evaluation are necessary. Two different methods for aggregate microtexture quantification and subsequent evaluation are presented in this paper. The first presented microscope method uses three dimensional image analys...

The analytical review was conducted of modern scientific-technical, regulatory, and methodological literature in the area of existing experience in assessing the sustainability of coastal systems and coastal infrastructure, as applied to marine spatial planning. The analysis showed that currently there is no uniform approach to the assessment of sustainability of coastal systems and coastal infrastructure, as well as various impacts on the environment. The existing global and regional concepts of assessment of coa...

The following article is devoted to ecological education in Russia. Moreover the following article describes ecological problems in education, culture and language. We try to underline the role of ecological culture and education in school and higher education. The relevance of this research is the increased interest in the process of environmental problems. 2017 year is the year of ecology in Russia, so all scientists; teachers and other specialists have not avoided this subject in their researches and developmen...

New innovative smart adaptive materials and optical measurement system can be implemented in civil engineering. Smart materials can be especially used in cased where fast and efficient way of reduced vibrations, weight and deflections is required. The essence of the solution is to introduce FBG sensors into the structure to make them act as its пїЅnervous systemпїЅ. The system may be implemented in existing civil engineering structures made of steel, concrete, reinforced concrete, as well as in shells and new stru...

In the Czech Republic, the production of energy using fossil fuels - particularly coal - is still a major proportion of total production. The energy sector is and will remain one of the most important areas of the Czech economy, ensuring supply of electricity and heat to the population and industrial enterprises. In the power and heating plants is burned primarily domestic brown coal mined in opencast mines in the north-western part of the Czech Republic, namely, Usti Region. For combustion of biomass in the Czech...

The minerals exploitation by explosives in quarries presume a high energy development for the applied blasting techniques with a proper design parameters establishment according in the field conditions where the blasting will carried out. For an optional rock blasting in field to obtain a certain granulation together with the maintaining the risk levels of blasting (seismic waves, fly-rocks, shock waves pressure) in a non - hazardous field, must to be applied sequential detachment of rocks from the massive with th...

This study presents an analysis over the action of carboxyl esterase, enzyme used on dough for pasta and noodles. By using carboxyl esterase polar lipids are formed, acting as emulsifiers and interacting with the gluten as well free unsaturated fatty acids are released, which can be converted by lipoxygenase (contained in flour naturally) resulting in the formation of hydroperoxides, which can act as oxidants and lead to protein strengthening and bleaching (oxidation of pigments). Enyzmatic improvement of pasta an...

All the elements in the periodic table from polonium to uranium belong to the group of radioactive elements. Additionally, potassium isotopes (40 K) should also be included to the mentioned group. A number of studies have shown that coal has a moderate ability to concentrate radioactive elements, but this problem becomes more important in the case of coal ash, where the accumulation of these elements takes place. This is associated with the low volatility of uranium and thorium, of which only a small amount is rel...

Gasification is one of the methods of utilization of lignite. Studies on clean coal technologies are carried out on a wide scale in Poland and worldwide. One of the projects was "The Development of Coal Gasification Technology for High Production of Fuels and EnergyпїЅ carried out under the framework of the National Centre for Research and Development. The project was based on the gasification of lignite from the Be?chatпїЅw deposit. For syngas production, a circulating fluidized bed reactor and CO2 as the gasifyi...

This article shows the results obtained by applying a study method of the convergence of structural models, for the particular case of a structural model from the geotechnical domain. For this purpose, is used the study method of the structural models convergence, already widely used in the field of research and CAD - CAE design. For a larger relevance and utility is presented the convergence study of a structural model for a ground section to which it applies a uniform load. The problem of ground compaction is so...

The performances of the excavation machines depend largely on the tool and overall machine characteristics and on the other hand on physical mechanical characteristics of the excavated rock. There were more theories based on analytical deductions to explain the main cutting parameters on the basis of basic physical mechanical properties of the excavated rock. In this paper we use a new methodology, based on reliable laboratory data, which make possible to obtain correlation and regression formulas in order to pred...

This paperwork aims to present the correlation between the Modulus of Deformation, E as a physical parameter and the internal friction angle of the soil, ? as a resisting parameter of soils. Assigning the resisting parameters to soils shall be reliable and when there is a suspicion in their values derived out of a test, than they shall be compared with other tests used to determine the shear resistance. To give the correlation between the Modulus of Deformation, E and the internal friction angle, ? the results obt...

The loss of an organ or part of an organism generates, in addition to loss of function, social and psychological disorders. The modern bio-technologies try to diminish their effects on affected humans. The advancement of modern medicine that uses biomaterials to solve issues related to tissues and organs reconstruction has increased the human life expectancy, rapidly. The most important factors that limit the lifetime of implants are certain corrosion and wear products, which can have negative effects on the human...