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Cataracts occur frequently in older dogs and can lead to partial or complete vision loss. In the present study, a 10-year-old male German shepherd was presented for eye evaluation because of his complete blindness. The diagnosis was bilateral mature cataracts with multiple iris adhesions to the anterior lens capsule in the right eye. This case report examines the process of performing complicated cataract surgery using phacoemulsification method for the patient's right eye. We began to perform surgery as an uncomp...

Dispersion areas are one of the essential elements determining the convenient coming and departure of buildings with a large number of users. However, in the legislation and normative base of the Czech Republic, they are a neglected element without clearly defined parameters. Although the legislation defines the term "dispersion area", it does not further specify it. Here again, the different environment of large and small cities in the Czech Republic is reflected. Individual large towns or cities, for example, Pr...

The report explores spatial connectivity options for housing modules for post-disaster and emergency shelters. Various high-density module clustering archetypes are being explored and sustainable solutions are elaborated regarding saving usable space, utilizing resource efficiency and implementing environmentally friendly materials. Usually, the people affected by disasters are accommodated in unfavorable conditions, so the study explores decisions that ensure comfort during temporary habitation along with a regar...

Compliance with EU environmental regulations and directives regarding effluent water quality discharged is seen as the main driver for the development of wastewater treatment technologies. The Water Framework Directive, the UWWT Directive, and the Nitrates Directive require the reduction of eutrophication caused by nitrogen and phosphorus emissions. In Romania, only approx. 54% of the population is connected to centralized sewage and wastewater treatment systems, meaning that approximately 8 million inhabitants ar...

Environmental pollution from polymer waste is one of the severe ecological problems. As of today, each day, approximately eight million pieces of plastic waste reach the ocean, where they are transformed into microplastics (small particles). Organisms in the sea are eating microplastics. The harmful effects of garbage ultimately affect humans. Due to the magnitude of the problem, the demand for biodegradable, eco-friendly materials, which will decompose after the operational period and will not pollute the environ...

One of the main sources of risk on slopes in the road infrastructure is the lack of sufficient technical awareness and creative competence of the specialists involved in the investment process. The impact of these sources can be minimized by implementing an appropriate risk management, prevention and protection system in slope stabilization. This system should ensure continuity of geotechnical judgment during geological survey, analysis, design and construction. Geotechnical risk should be considered as a product ...

The transition of built heritage towards energy efficiency is a complex process, encompassing a wide range of aspects and challenges. Moreover, the ongoing climate change, marked by rising average temperatures and an increase in extreme weather events, amplifies the urgency to improve energy efficiency and the overall performance of buildings. This necessitates the crucial adoption of appropriate solutions. Within this scenario, the discussion brings to light two key elements that define the current situation. The...

The execution of the blasting works involves the management of the problem of storage of explosive materials. This aspect is easier to solve in the case of mines activities with long exploitation time and where storage capacities are arranged, according to the legislation that provides constructive and safety criteria depending on the type and quantity of explosive materials stored. In the case of isolated blasting works, those for road construction, building demolition, underwater or forestry, etc., storage facil...

In recent years, Romania has experienced a particular dynamic in terms of ensuring the security quality of explosive materials through the security requirements stipulated in the applicable harmonized standards. In this sense, the procedure for sampling the products that are the subject of explosive materials must take into account the technicalscientific substantiation of the objective establishment of sampling schemes indexed according to the acceptable quality level for batch-by-batch inspection in order to pro...

The article outlines the practical steps and security requirements for carrying out the destruction of an industrial chimney on a platform housing an oil refinery that is close to critical structures and equipment. The chimney is 150 meters tall and is built out of an interior chimney composed of refractory brick masonry and an exterior tubular structure of reinforced concrete. A risk assessment was conducted with reference to seismic wave, air shock wave, noise, dust, and the amount of shock produced by the conta...

Technological devices, which promote animal welfare in livestock farming and contribute to a reduction in environmental impact, have known increasing interest in the European Union (EU). For dairy cows, the contact technologies (sensors) on the body of animals not only facilitate animal welfare, but also support the milk productivity and better quality, thus economic production efficiency. According with available statistical data, showing a boost on productivity, the aim of the present work was to test whether th...

During the European GoldenEye Project Type H2020 Number 869398, three drilling and blasting methods were analyzed in terms of the impact of the works on the environment, the choice of the most optimal scheme from the point of view of rock strength, the reduction of costs and the reduction of the impact of the environment. Here, the environmental footprint of the operation was significantly reduced. Analogous and graphic calculation methods were used using the programs Rhinoceros 3D combined with RhinoTerrain and O...

Building fires threaten not only human lives, property and animals, but also the environment. Their safety can be ensured by installing smoke and heat exhaust ventilation system and sprinkler stable fire extinguishing system. However, these devices can negatively affect each other. The procedure for avoiding this negative interaction is different in countries around the world. The aim of this research was to compare the approaches of selected foreign countries to solving the problem of the negative interaction of ...

The development of the global economy cannot be achieved in the current context without the pillars of sustainable development. At the corporate level, the commitment for sustainability is increasingly monitored by stakeholders in terms of a company's sustainable economic capacity and also regarding its environmental sustainability. We aim to analyze the role of the auditor in corporate sustainability reporting (CSR) and to design an econometric model of reporting quality based on sustainability reports submitted ...

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), as a significant step forward in the testing of good practices in environmental taxation. The main objective of this mechanism is in fact to shift the focus from the mere obtaining of tax revenues towards the achievement of climate objectives. The European Commission has introduced this tool aware of its leading role in the environmental field, aiming to influence the decisions of third countries in the fight against the global ...

Nowadays the manure management is a very actually topic. There is an important part of it the manure processing technology. However, we need for it a manure fermentation plant with an adequate capacity and there is important, the processing plant must be near for the pig and poultry farm to process the manure as soon as possible to reduce the harmful emission and bind the valuable nutrients in the fermented manure. The new established processing plant added advantages, that their produces excellent qualities and h...

This study aims to provide an overview of the craft beer industry and consumption in order to identify consumer preferences. More specifically, it aims to identify a target group of consumers and their willingness to pay (WTP) for craft beer and to enrich knowledge about consumer preferences and the product attributes that influence these preferences. Data were collected through a questionnaire completed by 231 participants. To evaluate the WTP for a 0.33 cl craft beer, they were asked to choose from five price le...

Directive 2014/34/EU ATEx regulates the placement on the European market of equipment and technical installations for use in potentially explosive atmospheres. The current work aims to describe the design and use of low current equipment in the development of industrial robots used for the inspection of hard-to-reach areas with explosion hazard. Documentation evaluation and testing of equipment with intrinsic safety -i- type of protection (SR EN 60079-11 Equipment protection by intrinsic safety "i") according the ...

The development of the digital society in the light of the world-s sustainable development is uneven. The intensity of ICT processes for different groups of households varies greatly. The immersion of the population into the digital environment caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in an extreme social situation and self-isolation with the ensuing political, social and economic consequences has not yet been properly studied by the scientists and practitioners. In this regard, it is proposed to analyze the relationship b...

Grasslands, some of the most important resources of mountain areas, have been and are subject to changes, both in time and in space, under the action of natural and/or anthropogenic factors. In this context, the research aims, in the first stage, to identify and quantify the areas of grasslands subject to changes, both through surface losses and gains, and in the second stage, to establish the general direction of changes, at regional level. As a case study, the area of the Banat Mountains, from southwest Romania,...

Every year, cities are becoming more populated and urban traffic more intense. Urban air quality is deteriorating and causes for pollution are being sought and solutions to improve the quality of life in urban areas. Atmospheric deposits, vehicles, traffic and de-icing products are the main sources of snow pollution in cities. Snow, located near roads and streets with intense traffic, is a very useful tool for identifying the risks of traffic-related metals in the environment. In many countries, in winter, they us...

The increase of the population also involve the increase of the consumption of raw materials. This requires the diversification and development of industrial processes in closed semi-enclosed or open spaces. The carrying out of human activities of an industrial nature involves the accidental use, handling or presence of explosive substances such as methane. The presence of this gas in closed or semi-closed spaces can generate explosion phenomena. The dynamics of methane discharge in closed enclosures, industrial o...

Turkish delight (lokum) is a sweet product originating in Turkey made from sugar, food flavors and starch. The delights dates back more than 300 years and is one of the oldest sweets in the world. Technologies have evolved and with them the demands of consumers have also diversified. People are in search for everything new and healthy in terms of nutrition, this being the reason for the development of a new kind of Turkish delight. The aim of this study is to analyze the physico-chemical and sensorial properties o...

Green building materials are gaining attention for achieving carbon neutrality in civil engineering. To reduce CO2 emissions from cement, using low-cement or cement-free materials with local supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) is promising. Blended cements with SCMs enhance long-term strength, but low-clinker blends often have low early strength. To address this, understanding the hydration of ordinary Portland cement is crucial. While C3S has been studied, the role of C3A, the most reactive component of c...

The largest aluminum factory in Eastern Europe is located near Slatina. Before Romania acceded to the EU in 2007, many environmental protection rules were omitted in this area. The paper analyzes the water table pollution along the Olt River for about 15 km. There are considered the tributary flows on the river, the concentration of discharged pollutants, and the pumping regime from the catchment front. It is built at about 500 m from the river, on the left bank, parallel to the river, and consists of 44 wells, of...

In order to reduce the impact of agricultural activity on global warming and promote sustainable land management, it is necessary to implement management practices that reduce GHG emissions from agriculture. Conventional soil tillage produces favorable conditions for the growth of seeds and plants, but it is an energy and labor-intensive method that alters the soil to an unfavorable condition, while reduced soil tillage decrease the use of energy resources, GHG emissions from the soils, and improves the soil quali...

A constantly growing demand for fossil fuels in the world and its contribution to climate changes is putting intense pressure on various energy consumers in different industries. Thus, agricultural producers come under close scrutiny and face a difficult challenge of switching to a sustainable mode of production that would ameliorate detrimental effects on greenhouse gas emissions. This study aims to fill the gap in the literature and contribute to the current body of knowledge by analyzing the consumption of ener...

As the only arctic state in America, Alaska is the least dense in population, while consuming more energy (per capita) than any other state. A quarter of that energy presently is provided for by renewable resources, despite a long standing goal out of the legislature to provide half of the state's domestic energy through renewable energy resources by 2025. Of the non-renewable energy produced in the state, natural gas provides half the energy, primarily for the largest urban area. Most of the state-s crude petrole...

Achieving profitable crop production milestones hinges on the establishment of a robust soil fertility program. Such programs demand foresight and meticulous planning. To ensure the profitability and efficiency of wheat cultivation, it is imperative to provide the right amount of essential plant nutrients precisely when and where the crop requires them. The application rates of fertilizers hold little significance if these vital nutrients are not distributed at the appropriate locations and times. Wheat, in partic...

The areas occupied by permanent grasslands constitute one of the most important ecosystems of the Earth, occupying almost half of it. The use of land covered by grasslands and climate changes are the main stressors of grass communities and implicitly of grassland ecosystems. Its multifunctionality (food source for ruminants, insect habitat, means of soil and water conservation, as well as outdoor activities, etc.) is gradually affected, thus diminishing the mentioned functions. The purpose of this paper is to anal...

Geomagnetic storms cause disturbances in the Earth's magnetosphere, which differ in their spectral composition at different latitudes. The study of local spectral characteristics, both via remote sensing and ground-based data, provides valuable information on the dynamic processes in the Earth's magnetosphere and the longitudinal propagation of the corresponding disturbances. The local spectral characteristics of the moderate (G2) geomagnetic storm that occurred March 13-14, 2022, are obtained. A time series of da...

This paper examines sustainability reporting trends of 50 NZX-listed companies, focusing on their effectiveness, transparency, and accountability. As sustainability reporting remains largely voluntary, unregulated, and inconsistent, this study investigates the current status quo in ESG/sustainability reporting in New Zealand. As a result, it provides managerial advice on what currently constitutes effective sustainability reporting. This paper of qualitative nature explores reporting practices across five key crit...

The problem is actual when slope stabilizations are implemented, when the strengthening systems and re-slopes cannot secure road traffic. There are three main reasons for the problem: climate changes, insufficient funds for strengthened infrastructure and implementation by companies without experience in geotechnical construction. A half-tunnel is used in the presence of a retaining wall, which needs to be integrated into the structure of the new facility. For environmental reasons and traffic safety requirements,...

Restrictions on the planet's carbon footprint are becoming a motivating measure to limit the use of fossil fuels in the European Union. One of the measures to decarbonize the economy is to reduce the use of hydrocarbon fuels (oil, gas, coal). Increasing the potential for hydrogen use in energy is a key point in the conversion of fuels into energy. How the concentration of hydrogen is reflected in the gas supply is an analysis that the energy sector must consider to determine the safe operation and quality of opera...

The article presents the possibilities of using retinal images for identification of persons using biometric technologies. The properties of the retina that are used for identification are completely unique to each person and do not change over time. The probability that two exactly the same retinal vasculature patterns will be mismatched is very low to zero. Therefore, the use of retina for biometric identification is rated as very accurate in contrast to the reliability of other biometric methods and is used in ...

Climate change affects everyday life, especially extremely high temperatures and longterm droughts alternating with intense rainfall. Changes in rainfall distribution and increasing temperatures force farmers to adapt to new conditions. In our contribution, we compared temperature deviations from the climatic normal and the percentage of precipitation from the climatic normal. For the complexity of the data comparison, a 60- year normal was created for 81 stations in Slovakia. Data interpolation created maps were ...

In this study, we aim to demonstrate the change in the topography of the sea floor as a result of the sedimentation of rivers. The study area is the Divjaka Bay, bounded to the north by the delta of the Shkumbin River and to the south by the delta of the Seman River, on the Adriatic coast of Albania. The method used is the Integrated Satellite Bathymetric Surveying method. The monitoring period extends from 2017 to 2020, based on 4 monitoring campaigns. The longitudinal bathymetric profile extends northsouth, in p...

Habitat fragmentation is a significant threat to biodiversity conservation and the establishment of protected areas has been proposed as one of the main strategies for mitigating its impacts. Romania has established numerous Natura 2000 sites to protect habitats and species of European importance, but their effectiveness remains unclear. In Romania, the Natura 2000 network was established in 2007. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Sites of Community Importance (SCI), part of Natura 2000 network in R...

Water erosion is one form of physical soil degradation. As a result of climate change, global warming and changes in the distribution of atmospheric precipitation are also taking place in Slovakia. In the southern, warmer regions, snowfall decreases during the winter at the expense of rain precipitation. During the winter period outside the main crop growing season, arable land is often without a vegetation cover to protect the soil structure from the action of the kinetic energy of falling rain. For this reason, ...

From a lithological point of view, the studied territory - Central Heating System of Rovinari is made up of deposits and in the depression quaternary deposits are found, belonging to the holocene (gravel and sand). In the Jiu - Motru River the deposits contain 4-6 layers of lignite, of low thickness, so the area was affected by coal extraction. From the point of view of the hydrographic network, except those of the lower order, the waters passing through the region belong to the basin of Jiu and Tismana. These wat...

Evaluation of explosion-proof protected electrical equipment in scope of certification is extremely important considering the risk of explosion that has to be minimized in order to ensure life safety and health of workers and to prevent damaging of property and the environment, as well as free movement of goods when they meet the essential safety requirements at European level. Electrical equipment that operates in potentially explosive atmosphere, have characteristics specially designed for operation in this area...

In this study, magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC) mortars reinforced with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and graphene were prepared and analyzed. The lower CO2 footprint of MOC in comparison with the production of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) predestines MOC-based materials to be an environmentally sustainable alternative to OPC. However, the wider spread of MOC is hindered by its low water resistance. The combined influence of MWCNT and graphene as 1D and 2D carbon nanomaterials on properties of MOC morta...

Climatic variability from year to year and even within the same growing season has a significant impact on the composition of the grapes and the resulting wines. This study covered several vineyards along a 400-km route in western Romania to empirically describe the influence of climate on berry concentration in titratable acidity (TA), pH and anthocyanins of two wine varieties (Cabernet Sauvignon and Sauvignon Blanc) during 2021-2022 growing seasons. The results showed that at a sugar level of 23o Brix total solu...

Several organizations warn of the increase in temperature and the associated extreme climatic conditions for life on Earth. The aim of this article is to point out the influence of climatic conditions on the development of walnut (Juglans regia L.) in the spring months (11.5. - 18.6.) in the years 2018 - 2019, which were above-normal to temperature-normal (compared to the climatic normal 1991 - 2020) and in the years 2021 - 2022, which were below normal temperatures. The impact of the amount of precipitation was a...

The aim of this research was to establish the influence of physico-chemical (biometric) characteristics and climate changes in different cultivation areas on three sweet cherry varieties: Van, Stella and Rubin, on the perception of food (fruit) quality. Several parameters (size, weight, soluble solids content, sugars, pH, firmness, dry matter) were measured and statistically processed using analysis of variants[15]. The results showed that the Van cultivar produced heavier fruits and the large diameter was above t...

With the development of concrete technology, the polypropylene fibers have been extensively used in concrete structures for property and durability enhancement. The polypropylene fibers have significantly low cost compared to steel, the use of macro polypropylene fiber could achieve a similar level of reinforcement in concrete at a half price of using steel. The article focuses on the influence of polypropylene fibres of concrete properities. The aim is to compare the basic material properties of concretes with th...

Concrete is a building material composed of aggregate, cement and water. Aggregate forms a filler, cement, after mixing with water, creates crystals that connect the aggregate with a firm and flexible bond. Cement slurry gradually loses its plasticity and begins to solidify and harden, until it finally turns into cement stone. Quartz sand is most often used as aggregate. Concrete is a building material composed of aggregate, cement and water. Aggregate forms a filler, cement, when mixed with water, forms crystals ...

As a member of the European Union, Romania must take measures to reduce CO2 emissions, in order to achieve the objective of Europe becoming the first neutral continent in terms of controlling carbon emissions. The paper analyzes the influence of ventilation systems with heat recovery in the process of dimensioning the heating systems related to buildings, both from the perspective of the calculation of heat requirement for sizing the equipment and the annual energy requirement for charging. The analysis simulates ...

Water pollution and climate change are two of the most pressing environmental challenges of our time, and their interconnection is increasingly evident. Water pollution and climate change are interconnected in various ways. The release of greenhouse gases, primarily carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide, is a significant driver of global warming. These gases contribute to the greenhouse effect, leading to rising global temperatures, which, in turn, affect water resources. Warmer temperatures exacerbate water ...

The energy sector is particularly important in the Romanian economy, both in terms of its size and in terms of the impact of developments in this sector on other branches of the economy. Developments in the energy sector, particularly in the electricity sector, also have social implications. As a result, the energy regulation institutions have been heavily involved in this area, using all the instruments at its disposal, both from a competition and a state aid perspective: investigation of possible infringements o...