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At present, the issue of rational use of meat, taking into account the peculiarities of autolysis, is of particular importance, since the production of animals for meat processing increased, after slaughter of which significant deviations in the development of autolytic processes are found in muscle tissue. Therefore, a comparative assessment of changes in the indices of beef DFD and NOR, taking into account the influence of various freezing parameters, is highly relevant and is of scientific and practical interes...

Currently the problem of surface water quality is relevant and requires urgent solution. There is an intensive growth of rivers? water using those results in deterioration of water quality and hydrological regime. In the conditions of the Mykolaiv region (Ukraine) local water resources are limited. The present situation is aggravated by anthropogenic pollution of surface and groundwater by utilities and agrarian sector. Monitoring surveys of surface water quality are an important tool for environmental assessment ...

The paper shows the studies of methods for assessing of monetary and natural efficiency of energy-saving procedures in civil construction within comparative conditions. The groups of energy-saving procedures were identified by procedures for saving, procedures for losses reducing, procedures for resource consumption reducing. The factors that influence the assessment of energy-saving procedures are listed and the coefficients of comparable conditions in the assessment are justified. Methods for calculating the coe...

Typically, during design stage of a single-family house, only initial costs are taken into account, which are also discussed with the customer and optimized with the aim of reducing them. Long-term calculations are usually not made. At the same time, the calculation of global costs to design, build and operate the building show the real difference in expenses while living in this house. In the case of nZEB building the global cost approach becomes especially useful because of the strict energy demand requirements ...

The energy consumes for district or industrial heating and electrical energy are in most of cases concomitant. The paper analyses from the point of view of the First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics the advantages of producing heat and mechanical power each one individually or through cogeneration. It is clearly pointed out that the energy balance induces the idea that the most efficient conversion process is to produce heat in an individual boiler while the mechanical power production in a steam turbine system i...

The study of the ecological and economic aspects of the operation of the Mongolian Corridor as part of the Great Tea Road - one of the major trade routes in the vast territory of the Eurasian continent, and the study of the interaction of cross-border territories are relevant in the context of globalization and the creation of the China-Mongolia-Russia international economic corridor. The peculiarity of using the natural resource potential of the countries and regions of the Mongolian corridor is the poorly divers...

Explosive mixtures generated in technological installations by processing, handling and storage are generally complex and in many cases cannot be assimilated with existing specific data. When ignited, they can burn rapidly and result in a considerable explosion force, when in mixture with air in proper proportions. Therefore, for establishing with certainty the requirements of the technical equipment which can be used in potentially explosive atmospheres generated by air / combustible dust mixtures, it is necessar...

The analysis of the actual situation of protected areas and their evolution over time, in an area located on the eastern border of the EU, represents a major interest in identifying national and international policies concerning the estate of conservation and the biodiversity protection. The region aimed to be studied is historical Moldova. It is situated mainly on the territory of two states, Romania (EU member) and Republic of Moldova (former state of the Soviet Union). In time, the historical Moldova existed as...

Both the cultivation of fruit trees and bushes as well as gramineous crops and especially wheat crops are of particular economic importance. Fruit trees and bushes as well as gramineous cereals constitute the most valued foods being indispensable in making a proper diet Research on the study of carabid entomofauna from both ecosistems, wheat and tree fruit plantations was carried out using Barber soil traps. The harvesting of the material was done in both stations between May and August, at intervals ranging from ...

Mining has been for centuries the main economic activity in the Apuseni Mountains of Transylvania, NW of Romania. However, due to the low level of productivity and high production costs, the extractive industry became over the last twenty years one of the large uncompetitive sectors of the Romanian economy. The study area is one where mining activities have impacted both the environment and the social and economic state of the region and it comprises three mining areas located in Alba County: Baia de Aries Mining ...

The aim of the article is studying relationships of soil pressure of forestry machines, determined within different methods. Research methods include computing experiment and calculated data processing. The article analyzes three different methods for calculating the soil pressure, including analytical method for calculating average contact pressure, method for calculating the pressure on a rigid surface, and nominal ground pressure method. Basing on the computing experiment results, the study establishes linear r...

This paper suggests that in order to create efficient backup and recovery strategy for database management system, an appropriate unit of analysis and a proper, data is needed. Key factors for evaluating backup and recovery are time needed to bring the system back online and the amount of data loss. The paper examines methods for managing these factors in three of the most popular DBMS ? MySQL, MS SQL Server and MongoDB. Each of them has a set of backup types that can be combined in different strategies. Depending...

The use of mobile laser scanners and static terrestrial laser scanners is becoming increasingly commonplace today. Otherwise, it is not even in the field of modern geodesy, where they are already using devices to collect from thousands to millions of points per second. For example, in the detailed survey of caves, forests, or underground mines, where the technology of mobile laser scanners stands out, or in the survey with the help of static terrestrial laser scanner technology, which is particularly useful for ta...

Any industrial company ? either mining raw materials or making an industrial product ? needs employees. Qualified and satisfied employees do their work well; they keep working with their company for a long time and strive for improving and innovations in production. The competence of employees arises from many factors ? one of them is a financial rating. This rating consists of wages and other benefits provided by employers. In the Usti nad Labem region (the Czech Republic), there is a problem to find and retain e...

The current article draws a comparison between the 1970 Stereographic projection and the Double-Stereographic projection implemented in ArcGIS under the name ?Stereo 70?. The former map projection is currently being used in Romania for the execution of geodetic, topographic, photogrammetric and cartographic works. It involves formulae with variable coefficients obtained through Taylor serial development in order to convert geographic coordinates into Cartesian coordinates, while the latter projection uses closed-f...

Recirculation aquaculture systems (RAS) are gaining popularity among producers due to high productivity and low ecological impact for the production of aquatic food. Water quality management has always been considered though to be one of the most important aspects of (RAS) systems from both perspectives: ensuring an appropriate environment for fish development and growth and reducing nutrient pollution discharge. In RAS systems, total ammonia nitrogen produced by fish as a result of protein catabolism it is common...

The global burden of diabetes has elevated significantly during last decades. It has highly been appreciated that appropriate animal models that familiarly resemble the hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes are urgently needed for understanding and seeking of concepts cover biochemical and molecular mechanism implicated early in the development and progression of the disease. To this purpose we studied the response of Cyprinus carpio red blood cells (RBC) to high glucose exposure in vitro and potentials of medicinal h...

The reducing noise is one of the most challenging problem in digital image processing. This is a fundamental issue both in satellite images, medical images and other application connected with computer vision and pattern recognition. Many numerical methods have been adapted for noise reduction problem. In this article we describe filtering techniques, which were developed for the problem of removing noise from the interferometric SAR images. The problem of SAR interferogram noise reduction is especially important ...

Environmentally clean and economically sound energy systems widely use renewable low-grade energy of soil and water for functioning of geothermal and hydrothermal heat pump systems. Analysis of existing systems demonstrates that they are not always adjusted to actual operating conditions and object location. The scientific approach to development of appropriate configuration of thermal collector, to methodology of their optimal mounting and to efficiency determination depending on operating conditions is quite top...

Energy consumption was already high when the EU/Directive of energy performance of buildings (EPB) was adopted. Final energy consumption accounted for more than 40% of total energy consumption in the EU residential sector and in the tertiary sector. The Directive concerns the design of structures in such a way as to meet EPB requirements. This Directive 2010/31 / EU extend and clarify the obligations of the EU Member States with regard to the reduction of energy consumption in the use of buildings affecting primar...

Precise measurement and indication of quantitative concentration of heavy metals in soils is materialized in increased degree of objectivity in research conducted to characterize interactions between pollutants and environmental factors in a given area or region. The present paper aims at highlighting the influence errors induced by physical and chemical characteristics of soils and the fluctuations of soil metal concentrations depending on its humidity and granulometry proposing appropriate methods and techniques...

The leaching of mineral nitrogen (Nmin) represents a serious problem of modern agriculture in the European Union and also in the Czech Republic. The reason is the loss of nutrient important for plants from the soil environment and subsequent threat to the quality of soil ecosystem. The main goal of the present work is to show the influence of the mixed cropping system in the sowing process on Nmin leaching of from arable soil. Mixed cropping system represents cultivation of different crops at one field simultaneou...

The main objective of the article is to compare the current state of professional preparation of crisis management in Slovak and Czech Republic. Various negative phenomena in the life of human society create non-standard crisis situations. Extraordinary crisis situations bring undesirable political instability, social unrest, disruption of information flow and structural arrangements, as well as a number of other threats to the lives of people in the region. Crisis management is aimed at preventing such situations...

The development of innovative ways of realizing build-construction is progressing. The construction industry affects the quality of the environment. On the present, many researches are about out on the quality of the construction process, individual materials, components and their impact on the environment. The construction sector is increasing the use of so-called green components, which are characterized by environmentally friendly properties. Green components also are green walls and water walls. Green walls ar...

Shallow mass movements represent a significant portion within the vast family of landslide phenomena. Moreover, their detection, monitoring and stability analysis is not an easy task. Analytical stability models are often used for the purpose. Their formulation ranges from extremely simple ones to rather complex formulations which include a number of physical parameters intrinsic to the terrain as well as external forcing agents. The application of such models seems to be strictly site-specific as various authors ...

The article is devoted to the study of the effectiveness of various statistical models of the probability of bankruptcy of enterprises based on the examples of the modified Altman model and the model of Sayfulin and Kadykov. A comparison of the results of applying these models showed that in many cases they give opposite results. The reason for the differences is that the Altman model is based on statistics of bankruptcies of American enterprises in 1946-1965, and the model of Saifulin and Kadykov is based on stat...

Birch, primarily silver birch, is used in afforestation of marginal agricultural lands. Natural regeneration on fertile soils most of the cases happens with birch, if no specific management is applied. Therefore share of birch is increasing in hemiboreal forests Previously, target species of forest management had been coniferous trees. Thus the information on the growth and revenue from birch plantations is limited. Moreover, there the minimums density is set to 2000 trees ha-1 in regeneration and 800 trees ha-1 i...

The closure of Neotethys induced collision and extension related basic magmatism within the Central Anatolia during the late Cretaceous and Early Paleogene. The products of the basic magmatism are alkaline and tholeiitic in character. The temporal and spatial evolution of the basic magma within the Central Anatolia has a great role in the interpretation of magmato?tectonic evolution of the region. The lack of radiometric age for the mafic magmatic rocks let to discussion in the explanation of the nature of these m...

The choice of biotesting methods in determining the toxicity of water is determined by the requirement for their high sensitivity and expressivity. In this regard, fluorescence methods are particularly attractive. The purpose of this work is to compare the sensitivity of fluorescent biotesting methods in determining the toxicity of waters containing petroleum products, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides. We studied the toxic effect of petroleum and diesel fuel, polyaromatic naphthalene hydrocarbon, pesticides ?...

Chicken meat is easy to produce, and as a result, it is a cheap and massively used source of animal protein in food. However, poultry farms produce more than 200 thousand tons of chicken manure per year, which must be treated. In the large scale farms biological treatment requires huge facilities and investments, therefore other methods are required. Among them, high-temperature drying and pyrolysis. The goal of this work was to compare the products of chicken manure treatment by means of two thermal methods - hig...

The paper analyzes the impact of marketing tools on market share, sales level and distribution of organic food. The information presented was developed through a literature review and data obtained on the basis of a survey carried out in 40 stores offering organic products, located in Krakow, Poland. As a result, information was obtained from sellers on e.g. the kind of marketing tools used to encourage consumers to buy organic products, their effectiveness, and the decisive factor in favor of the purchase of such...

From 1994 to the present, records of deformations of the Earth?s crust, which are measured by a laser displacement meter, called ?deformograph?, are regularly recorded. This meter records changes in the distance between the mirrors fixed on the rock inside the mountain gallery in two directions: North-South and West-East. Such observations are carried out in the Gorny Altai region, in Kazakhstan and near Lake Baikal. One of the long-acting deformographs is installed in the gallery of the Talaya seismic station in ...

The paper is considering several marine and coastal hydrological studies revealing a high-risk factor in coastal regions due to the climate change and associated storm surge-driven floods, wave and wind damage, and increased coastal erosion and overtopping. The work is focused on advancing the understanding of the impact of climate change and extreme events on the regional and local marine hydrodynamics, including the variability of the meso- and sub-mesoscale marine regime of the western basin of the Black Sea. B...

This paper presents the simulation results of field development optimization of low permeability carbonate reservoirs containing high viscous oil by the system of horizontal wells. The wells are located in special way to take into account the geological features of this field, the water injection at certain moments of time and all potential water breakthroughs from the WOC area. Multivariant reservoir simulation runs were performed in order to identify the optimal well density, the optimal length of horizontal sec...

A significant part of the light oil reserves in Russia is concentrated in low-permeable reservoirs, such as the Domanik Formation, Upper Devonian shales in the European part of Russia. Standard laboratory methods for estimating pore space structure and fluid saturation are often not applicable or not accurate in studying unconventional rocks. The presence of hydrocarbons with a high content of highly viscous components, including kerogen, and pores of nanometer size dramatically reduces the effectiveness of the co...

To purify wastewaters, milk processing plants use different methods, but the sorption method is the most affordable and effective. Among the various types of adsorbents, natural zeolites that have adsorptive and ion-exchange properties deserve special attention, which makes them attractive for use in agriculture as a soil amendment. The objective of the work is to develop and implement the algorithm of comprehensive evaluation and simulation of the effectiveness of the combined application of spent zeolite and pre...

Conveyor belt and especially its cover is viscoelastic material, which means that it combines viscous and elastic properties at the same time. In calculation of motion resistance, mainly in indentation rolling resistance, equivalent lateral stiffness of belts if necessary. To determine this value the distribution of compressive stress (both, in cover and cord) should be analysed. In mine conditions compressive stress in cord disappears gradually and top cover do not take part in cyclical compression. To calculate ...

Enzymatic conversion of lignocellulosic substrates into sugars is an upcoming sphere of biotechnology. Most of the ways, aimed on hydrolysis process improvement are focused at maximizing of raw materials conversion into monosaccharides. Thus, process improvement usually focuses on substrates pretreatment, choosing of the most effective enzyme complexes and control of the hydrolysis process parameters such as increasing the process duration and enzyme dosage, substrate concentration reduction. Kraft woody pulp enzy...

Characteristic features of the petrographic and chemical compositions as well as the age of basic dikes in the Nastenka site of the Malo-Tarynskoe orogenic gold ore deposit (MTD), located in the central part of the Yana-Kolyma metallogenic belt, northeast Russia, are considered. The dikes are composed of light greenish-gray porphyritic rocks replaced by sericite-chlorite-albite-carbonate substance with ore and epidote components, in which relics and fragments of primary igneous minerals are noted. The obtained Rb-...

This paper aims to present a new analytical model for the contact area of all switching devices, at all voltage and current levels. It was proposed in order to recalculate all the computational formulas related to the electrodynamical forces which inevitably appear in a mostly symmetric contact, with a different shape, other than a sharpen or pointed one. When applying this model, the very simplifying hypothesis of the constant current density on equipotential stiction surfaces for the crossing current is complete...

The spectrum of energy resource depletion in the coming years has been a serious alarm signal and has led to the identification of the possibilities for substitution of depleting resources, the reduction of environmental imbalances caused by the exploitation, processing and utilization of the resources used up to now. This alarm signal has led mankind to operate with a new concept, the energy security concept. For most specialists, energy security means producing the necessary energy in their own country and reduc...

There are some relevant problems at prospecting-metallogenic analysis of perspective areas: 1. definition of expected formation (mineral) type of mineralization; 2. estimation of the scale of predicted ore mineralization; 3. outlining of the closest analogue from etalon deposits. During formalization this problems can be determined as the problems of pattern recognition, when objects under study described in heterogeneous property space. The conceptual approach to technology support is following: 1. prospecting es...

The main purpose of this scientific work is to review the current methods of multifunctional material design, and to establish approaches based on multiscale non-deterministic analyzes that can be used to model composite coatings. Analyzing of the literature data showed that methods of computer modeling of materials can be classified by the following. The first group represents approaches in which for selected values of functional properties the process of selecting materials is based on a combinatorial search in ...

Using the open-source library for calculations in the field of kinetics and thermodynamics Cantera, a software module has been developed. Computer simulation of dry reforming of methane in a membrane reactor-contactor has been performed. The one-dimensional mathematical model of gas flow in a porous catalytic coating is used. The influence of a number of parameters, such as characteristics of pores of catalytic membrane coating, and the temperature and the flow rate of the gas mixture on the dry reforming of metha...

Simulation of breathing processes in training complexes to improve the realism and efficiency of training is of great practical and scientific importance. This paper examines the process of computer modeling of the mixing process of the gas mixture in the simulator of the device in the flow stream of the gas cooling coil in the respiratory tracts. According to the results of the calculations, it is concluded that the simulator can smooth the fluctuations in the input concentration of the target component, ensuring...

Computer technology for Arctic seas water masses analysis is presented. It facilitates data obtained both as remote sensing and in situ. Modern methods and software tools are described as parts of detailed technology in case of one spatial distribution assigned to particular time stamp map and time series of them. Open data from MODIS Aqua satellite project and expeditions listed in World Ocean Database are treated with open source programming tools (R/Python software stacks). Sea surface temperature analysis is c...

The urban village Stepnoe has a size of 8 km2 and a population of about 12,340 inhabitants (according to data obtained in 2015). It was founded in 1767 and since 1967 it has been the administrative center of the Soviet district of Saratov region. We studied the distribution of mobile forms of heavy metals in the soils of the urban-type settlement Stepnoe, the territory of which can be attributed to a group of landscapes of small settlements, villages and localities. Soil sample points were distributed taking into ...

The existing approach to data modeling allows to put in an information system only a structure for their factographic mapping. Meanwhile, in reality, data exists within the context which is some user's skill for obtaining them. In the previous study, a model for representing the user's skill was developed. This model represents data in a form of possible action, which, depending on the situation, allows obtaining the expected data. The developed model has such advantages as providing flexibility in accordance with...

At the moment, there is a significant problem of the Russian industry lagging behind world levels. The reason for this is the rupture of connections between social, natural and economic systems, consideration of economics in isolation from the law of nondecreasing growth rates of free energy of living systems. As a result, there was a need for the creation and development of an ?economic system - an industrial enterprise?, i.e. creating a flexible, diversified and receptive to innovation system in order to increas...

The paper is submitted for considering the relationship of geological changes and global economic processes. The authors have confirmed that hazardous geological events are a significant factor in influencing world economic processes. The argument is based on the results of consideration of historical and contemporary facts of world socio-economic development. The historical context of the problem is considered on the basis of a generalization of the historical facts of catastrophic events of geological origin, wh...